Achieving Rich and Active Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Heterostructures via Interface Engineering on 2D 1T‐MoS2 Quantum Sheets

Large‐scale production of hydrogen from water‐alkali electrolyzers is impeded by the sluggish kinetics of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts. The hybridization of an acid‐active HER catalyst with a cocatalyst at the nanoscale helps boost HER kinetics in alkaline media. Here, it is demonstrated that 1T–MoS₂ nanosheet edges (instead of basal planes) decorated by metal hydroxides form highly active ${\text{edge}}_{{\text{1T‐MoS}}_{\text{2}}}$/ ${\text{edge}}_{\text{Ni}{(\text{OH})}_{\text{2}}}$ heterostructures, which significantly enhance HER performance in alkaline media. Featured with rich ${\text{edge}}_{{\text{1T‐MoS}}_{\text{2}}}$/ ${\text{edge}}_{\text{Ni}{(\text{OH})}_{\text{2}}}$ sites, the fabricated 1T–MoS₂ QS/Ni(OH)₂ hybrid (quantum sized 1T–MoS₂ sheets decorated with Ni(OH)₂ via interface engineering) only requires overpotentials of 57 and 112 mV to drive HER current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm^?2, respectively, and has a low Tafel slope of 30 mV dec^?1 in 1 m KOH. So far, this is the best performance for MoS₂‐based electrocatalysts and the 1T–MoS₂ QS/Ni(OH)₂ hybrid is among the best‐performing non‐Pt alkaline HER electrocatalysts known. The HER process is durable for 100 h at current densities up to 500 mA cm^?2. This work not only provides an active, cost‐effective, and robust alkaline HER electrocatalyst, but also demonstrates a design strategy for preparing high‐performance catalysts based on edge‐rich 2D quantum sheets for other catalytic reactions.     

Ru Species Supported on MOF‐Derived N‐Doped TiO2/C Hybrids as Efficient Electrocatalytic/Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Catalysts

The development of efficient catalysts is of great importance for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) of water splitting via electrocatalytic/photocatalytic processes to remediate the current severe environmental and energy problems. By aid of the stabilization effects of uncoordinated groups and inherent pore‐confinement of amine‐functionalized metal–organic frameworks (NH₂‐MIL‐125), two forms of Ru species including nanoparticles (NPs) and/or single atoms (SAs) can be firmly embedded in NH₂‐MIL‐125 derived N‐doped TiO₂/C support (N‐TC), and thus obtain two kinds of samples named Ru‐NPs/SAs@N‐TC and Ru‐SAs@N‐TC, respectively. In the synthetic process, the initial feeding amount of Ru³⁺ ions not only strongly determines the final size and dispersion states of Ru species but also the morphology and defective structures of N‐TC support. Impressively, Ru‐NPs/SAs@N‐TC exhibit superior catalytic activities to Ru‐SAs@N‐TC for either electrocatalytic or photocatalytic HER. This should be attributed to its larger specific surface area and benefiting from synergistic coupling of Ru NPs and Ru SAs. It is envisioned that the present work can provide a new avenue for development of high‐efficiency and multifunctional hybrid catalysts in sustainable energy conversion.     

基于气体传感器的仿生电子鼻设计

电子鼻能够对极微量的气体进行无损伤检测,文中设计一种基于气体传感器的仿生电子鼻系统,并完成了电子鼻系统硬件电路及软件的设计,在此基础上设计了电子鼻系统的流道结构,完成了电子鼻系统整体结构的设计及能够实现电子鼻系统的整体组装。     

不同工艺条件下TiO2单层膜的吸收和损伤阈值测试

利用电子束热蒸发技术在不同氧分压和烘烤温度下镀制了一系列TiO2单层膜,采用表面热透镜技术测量了样品在1064nm处的弱吸收值,并用激光损伤测试平台测量了样品的抗激光损伤阈值(LIDT)特性。实验结果表明较高的氧分压和较低的烘烤温度能显著减小薄膜的吸收值。不过薄膜在基频下的损伤阈值除了受到薄膜吸收值的影响外,还取决于基底表面的杂质密度,当薄膜吸收较大时,本征吸收对损伤破坏起到主要作用;随着薄膜的吸收逐渐减小,基底表面处的缺陷吸收逐渐取代本征吸收成为影响薄膜损伤阈值的主导因素。     

相移光纤光栅对超声波信号的频率响应特性研究

为实现利用相移光纤Bragg光栅(phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating,PS-FBG)代替压电陶瓷(piezoelectric ceramics,PZT)进行结构损伤检测,本文研究了PS-FBG对100 kHz-1.5 MHz范围内的超声波信号的频率响应特性.搭建了超声波激励信号的产生平台...     

基于全网业务模型和蒙特卡洛仿真的电力通信网可靠性评估

传统的电力通信网可靠性研究基于网络的拓扑结构和业务流向,没有考虑电力通信业务复杂的组网方式。基于烟台电力通信网在运业务的实际情况,提出了复杂的系统级仿真模型。在此基础上,提出了光缆可靠度和设备可靠度的概念。另外,本文提出了可靠性破坏代价的概念,通过蒙特卡洛系统级仿真,给出电力通信网全网的可靠性数据。     

十字翼布局无人机半实物仿真系统设计

针对十字翼布局无人机飞行控制系统,设计该无人机半实物仿真系统,阐述了该系统的组成、原理,并介绍了仿真软件。通过对十字翼布局无人机飞行控制系统半实物仿真结果的分析和研究,验证了PID控制律能有效地控制十字翼布局无人机悬停阶段的姿态角和高度。结果表明仿真系统为自动驾驶仪的测试评估提供了平台和依据。     

军用港口目标毁伤效果评估

根据军用港口的特点,首先选取了被评判对象的因素集和评语集,接着确定各层次的权重向量,然后通过第二层的模糊关系矩阵进行一级模糊评判,最后再进行二级模糊评判,来求得最终的综合评判向量.根据最大隶属度原则,取综合评判向量中的最大值作为港口的毁伤评估结果.通过对军用港口实例的计算,基于二级模糊综合评判的结果与实际的毁伤结果一致,从而验证了该方法的可行性.     

车路通信环境下TD-LTE无线资源调度建模与仿真

为了改善现有车路通信方式覆盖范围小、交付时延大和传输速率低的现状,将TD-LTE技术引入车路通信接入系统。提出了基于TD-LTE的车路通信接入系统无线资源调度模型;构建了车路通信仿真场景,对比例公平算法、指数比例公平算法和改进的最大权重时延优先算法进行性能分析。仿真结果表明:车辆低速移动场景下,系统负载较低时指数比例公平算法性能较好,系统负载较高时改进的最大权重时延优先算法表现更优,比例公平算法不适合车路通信多媒体业务流调度;车辆高速移动场景下,三者都不适合车路通信多媒体业务流调度。     

大功率激光器阵列光场分布测试方法的研究

针对大功率半导体激光器阵列难以进行光场分布测试评价的问题,设计了大功率激光器光场分布测试系统。从测试系统探测器的抗损伤阈值方面,分析了对激光衰减的比例要求,提出了几种衰减的方法,设计了低透射系数高抗激光损伤的衰减方案,并进行逐一的测试比较,得到了理想的衰减效果。结合测试系统要求,完成了大功率半导体激光器光场分布的测试与评价。