Synthesis and activation of Pt nanoparticles with controlled size for fuel cell electrocatalysts

Well-dispersed Pt nanoparticles with controlled size and narrow size distribution were prepared by polyalcohol reduction of platinum acetylacetonate, using oleylamine as a capping agent. The particle size was varied from 3.5 nm to 11.5 nm by decreasing the amount of oleylamine added in the synthesis. Size selection of the as-prepared particles by solvent fractionation yielded nearly monodispersed Pt particles. The as-prepared particles were loaded on a carbon support by physical deposition, but showed no electrocatalytic activity due to the oleylamine bound to the particle surface. The particles were activated for electrocatalysis after heating the particles in air at 185 °C for 5 h, conditions that gave no particle-sintering and no oxidation. Cyclic voltammetry showed that the particles after the heat treatment in air were electrocatalytically active for methanol oxidation. The smaller 3.5 nm and 4.0 nm Pt particles had a higher intrinsic activity for methanol oxidation, but a lower tolerance to CO poisoning, compared with 6.0 nm, 9.5 nm and 11.5 nm particles. CO-stripping results suggest that CO is more easily oxidized on larger Pt particles.     

酶法提取树莓汁的研究

本试验以澳洲红、早红、美国22三个品种树莓为原料，通过不同的酶处理方法来制原果汁，优选适于制汁的品种和酶处理方法。     

超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维研究进展

介绍了超高分子质量聚乙烯纤维的制备、表面改性及应用的研究进展 ,指出了今后超高分子质量聚乙烯纤维的研究及应用的发展方向     

Electrical and optical studies of ZnO:Ga thin films fabricated via the sol–gel technique

The effects of dopant (Ga) concentration, post-heat treatment temperatures, and different heat treatment environments on the morphology, electrical and optical properties of ZnO films were studied. ZnO films doped with Ga are derived from non-alkoxide zinc acetate via the alcoholic route by a sol–gel dip-coating technique. Introduction of Ga, as a dopant, can reduce crystallite size, which is attributed to the increased number of nucleation centers. Grain growth was also observed at high post-heat treatment temperature. It was discovered that different post-heat treatment environments (air or reduced atmosphere) did not change the structure orientation, microstructure shapes and size. It was found that the sheet resistance, R_s could be reduced by an order of magnitude, using post-heat treatment in reduced atmosphere (4%H₂–96%N₂).     

体积-表面淬火中加热温度的自动控制

根据表面-体积淬火奥氏体规范的要求，分析了感应加热过程中温度控制的特点和方式，并介绍了采用红外线光导纤维测温和微机控温技术成功用于体积-表面淬火中透热温度的自动控制。     

天荒坪电站500 kV开关站开挖与边坡整治施工——兼论开挖爆破对高边坡稳定的影响及对策

在大型水利水电施工中，经常遇到岩质高边坡稳定问题，天荒坪抽水蓄能电站５００ｋＶ开关站所处的地形地质条件非常复杂，本文着重介绍在边坡开挖和支护过程中，根据不同的地形地质情况所采取的控制爆破和支护措施。     

金属PTC陶瓷复合材料结构及其导电机理

研究了金属ＰＴＣ陶瓷复合材料的电学性能和其材料组分。结果表明，掺入金属的ＰＴＣ陶瓷材料经氮气中烧结，然后在空气中进行热处理，材料表面形成高势垒层，金属ＰＴＣ陶瓷复合材料的室温电阻较ＰＴＣ的陶瓷高。样品之中存在大量不同类型的极化，在低温时样品电阻较高，温度增加后，大量各种类型离子极化出现，在变价金属铁的变价导电作用下，削弱表面势垒，使金属ＰＴＣ陶瓷复合材料电阻降低，表现出ＮＴＣ现象。在电场作用下，正负电荷、晶粒畸变和空位缺陷等产生空间电荷极化使金属ＰＴＣ陶瓷复合材料有较高介电常数。介电损耗（ｔｇδ）频谱和介电δ温度谱上都出现一个介电峰，其主要原因是跃迁极化，金属阳离子由一个位置跃迁到另一个位置，在介电损耗所对应的频率和温度时出现跃迁极化率最大     

磁场处理水用于锅炉和冷却水处理

本文从理论和实践上综述了磁化水的特性、磁化机理、国内外的发展近况及其使用安装等。该法用于锅炉和各类冷却水处理有广泛的前景。     

Simulation of water and nitrogen dynamics in soils during wastewater applications by using a finite-element model

A mathematical model was developed to simulate water movement, mass transport, and nitrogen transformations in soils during wastewater applications. The model is one-dimensional and based on the Galerkin finite-element method. The submodel of mass transport of nitrogen incorporates the convection-dispersion processes of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen, nitrification, denitrification, ammonium exchange and uptake of ammonium and nitrate ions. The accuracy and validity of the proposed model was examined by comparison with an explicit-implicit finite-difference model results. The model was used for simulation of water and nitrogen dynamics during wastewater application in homogeneous and multi-layered soils under different N concentration, rate, duration and scheduling of application.     

Review of The chemically dependent: Phases of treatment and recovery.

Reviews the book, The chemically dependent: Phases of treatment and recovery edited by Barbara C. Wallace (see record 1992-98403-000). While this book is ambitious, interesting, educational, and useful, it is also disappointing, repetitious, and incomplete. Because it tries to accomplish so much, it may appear to have succeeded too little. This book is organized around, and explicative of, several basic ideas which might have been controversial if not heretical had this book been published ten years ago. Section I, purporting to link specific "phases of recovery" to particular forms and functions of treatment, will certainly be useful for novice clinicians but falls short of its overstated goals and is thereby disappointing. Section II is a collection of moderately redundant chapters describing the etiology and treatment of substance abusers from the viewpoints of psychoanalytic, psychodynamic, ego psychology, and object-relations theorists and therapists. Section III focuses on cognitive-behavioral, self-help, and relapse-prevention treatments. Section IV is quite uneven in quality of writing and applicability of content, and could have benefited from closer editorial scrutiny or selectivity. The final section focuses on special needs of particular subpopulations of substance abusers: African-Americans, prison inmates, HIV/AIDS patients, persons who are homeless, those who have been sexually and physically abused, and others. According to the reviewer this is not the best book on substance abuse treatment, but it does present some clinically useful ideas and it is worth reading. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)