高温高酸性环境下镍基合金718与异种金属偶接的电偶腐蚀行为

高温/高压高酸性腐蚀环境中镍基合金718常作为可靠的材料使用,但不可避免会与其他金属偶接使用,易产生电偶腐蚀。模拟150℃,H_2S分压1.0 MPa,CO2分压1.5 MPa,Cl~-浓度200 000 mg/L的高温高酸性腐蚀环境,采用高温高压电化学测试技术和浸泡腐蚀模拟试验,研究了镍基合金718分别与低合金钢35Cr Mo、C110和不锈钢13Cr偶接后的电偶腐蚀行为。结果表明:在模拟高温高酸性环境下,3种金属分别与718合金偶接后,均发生了一定程度的电偶腐蚀,其中C110电偶腐蚀速率最大,而不锈钢13Cr的电偶腐蚀速率最小。电偶腐蚀的驱动力是2种金属的自腐蚀电位差,异种金属偶接后的电偶效应与两偶接材料的电位差成正比,而阳极材料自身的极化特性决定了其与耐蚀合金偶接后的电偶腐蚀程度。     

研究非均匀体在腐蚀条件下的断裂行为时应注意的几个问题

对焊接不均匀体在腐蚀条件下的电偶腐蚀行为进行了讨论。利用sMRE技术测定了带裂纹的非均匀体表面的电位分布,讨论了非均匀体表面腐蚀电位的不均匀分布现象,分析了非均匀体电偶腐蚀和缝隙腐蚀之间的相互作用,并指出了非均匀体的腐蚀行为对其断裂行为可能带来的影响。     

不同氧化体系处理对多壁碳纳米管的影响

采用3种氧化体系(H2SO4/H2O2,H2SO4/K2Cr2O7,H2SO4/HNO3)对多壁碳纳米管(MWC-NTs)进行处理,通过红外光谱、拉曼光谱、热失重、滴定分析、Zeta电位激光粒度分析仪、透射电镜对氧化前后的样品进行表征.结果表明,氧化处理未明显破坏MWCNTs的管状结构,并在表面引入羧基官能团,滴定分析...     

Vibrational dynamics of non-crystalline glassy alloys

The vibrational dynamics of three Ca-based non-crystalline alloys viz. Ca₇₀Mg₃₀, Ca₇₀Zn₃₀ and Ca₆₀Al₄₀ have been studied at room temperature in terms of the phonon eigen frequencies of longitudinal and transverse modes, employing three theoretical formulations given by Hubbard-Beeby (HB), Takeno-Goda (TG) and Bhatia-Singh (BS). Five local field correction functions viz. Hartree (H), Taylor (T), Ichimaru-Utsumi (IU), Farid et al. (F) and Sarkar et al. (S) are used for the first time in the present investigation to study the screening influence on the aforesaid properties. The pseudo-alloy-atom (PAA) model is applied for the first time instead of Vegard’s Law. Long wavelength limits of the phonon modes are used to investigate the elastic and thermal properties of the system. The low temperature specific heat is also calculated from the elastic limit of the phonon dispersion curves (PDCs). The present findings of the PDCs of Ca₇₀Mg₃₀ glass are found in fair agreement with available theoretical and experimental data.     

无氰四无合金浸锌液中金属离子对铝合金浸锌的影响

为了取代剧毒氰化物多元浸锌工艺,开发了一种铝合金无氰四元合金浸锌液,研究了浸锌液中金属离子对浸锌过程稳定电位和置换层结晶形貌的影响,考察了镀层的附着性能.获得的优化工艺参数为:75 g/L NaOH,16 g/L ZnO,08g/L FeCl3,15 g/L NiSO4,06 g/L CuSO4,40g/LEDTA,15g/L辅助配位剂(有机多元酸复配物),15g/L吡啶,1.2g/L稳定剂(高分子聚合物);浸锌温度(20±2)℃.结果表明:随FeCl3含量降低,浸锌过程稳定电位正移,有利于结晶细化,其较好含量范围为04～08 g/L;CuSO4含量变化对浸锌过程稳定电位影响不大,其含量增加有利于置换层结晶细化,较好的范围为06～08 g/L;NiSO4含量在15～30 g/L范围内对浸锌过程稳定电位影响不大,总体结晶效果都较好.一次和二次浸锌分别在30 s及20 s后电位变化趋于稳定;弯曲试验和热震试验表明镀层附着性能良好.     

Venom Peptide Toxins Targeting the Outer Pore Region of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 in Pain: Implications for Analgesic Drug Development

The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel plays an important role in the peripheral nociceptive pathway. TRPV1 is a polymodal receptor that can be activated by multiple types of ligands and painful stimuli, such as noxious heat and protons, and contributes to various acute and chronic pain conditions. Therefore, TRPV1 is emerging as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of various pain conditions. Notably, various peptides isolated from venomous animals potently and selectively control the activation and inhibition of TRPV1 by binding to its outer pore region. This review will focus on the mechanisms by which venom-derived peptides interact with this portion of TRPV1 to control receptor functions and how these mechanisms can drive the development of new types of analgesics.     

中国油气资源可持续发展的潜力与挑战

至2050年前后,中国油气资源具有可持续发展的基础和潜力。经过60年的发展,我国从"贫油国"到油气生产大国,建成了24个油气生产基地,自主发展形成一系列中国特色的油气勘探开发理论与技术。我国油气地质条件十分复杂,这同时也孕育有广阔的勘探新区、新领域,待发现油气资源仍比较丰富,目前石油勘探刚进入中期阶段,天然气勘探尚处于早期阶段。同时,油气资源的进一步发展也面临诸多严峻挑战,经济快速发展油气需求缺口日益扩大,本土资源深入勘探开发的难度增大,勘探开发成本大幅上升,国际化经营拓展空间受多因素制约等。因此,必须始终加强油气勘探工作,一方面立足国内,坚持不懈开展新区新领域攻坚战,保持勘探工作量、储量、产量的稳定增长,采取多种方式,积极分享国际能源资源,引进和勘探利用国外石油和天然气;另一方面,还必须积极采取措施,全面推进节约用油用气战略,实现油气资源的可持续发展。     

Laser surface hardening of AISI 420 stainless steel treated by pulsed Nd:YAG laser

The AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel was surface-hardened by a pulsed Nd:YAG laser. The influences of process parameters (laser pulse energy, duration time and travel speed) on the depth and hardness of laser treated area and its corrosion behavior were Investigated. In the optimum process parameters, maximum hardness (490 VHN) in the laser surface treated area was achieved. The pitting corrosion behavior was studied by potentiodynamic polarization technique in 3.5% NaCl solution at 25 °C. Metallographical and electrochemical corrosion studies illustrated beneficial effects of laser surface hardening by refining the microstructure and enhancing the pitting corrosion resistance of the martensitic stainless steel. The pitting corrosion resistance of laser surface treated samples in 3.5% NaCl solution depends on the overlap ratio clearly. The pitting potential (E_pp) decreased significantly by increasing the ratio of pulse overlapping.     

Aeroelastic stability of heated functionally graded cylindrical shells containing fluid

The article is concerned with the analysis of panel flutter of heated circular clamped cylindrical shells made of functionally graded (FG) material, which are subject to a simultaneous action of the external supersonic gas flow and the internal flow of ideal compressible fluid. The effective properties of the material change throughout the thickness of the shell according to a power law and depend on temperature. The aerodynamic pressure is calculated based on the quasi-static aerodynamic theory. The behavior of the fluid is described in the framework of the potential theory. A mathematical formulation of the dynamic problem for elastic structure is developed based on the classical theory of shells and the principle of virtual displacements. Based on the results of numerical simulation the influence of different consistencies of the examined FG materials, thermal load, and internal flow velocity on the boundary of aeroelastic stability is analyzed.     

斜直井内钻柱的非线性螺旋屈曲

基于最小位能原理,研究了斜直井内钻柱的非线性螺旋屈曲问题。利用圆柱面坐标系,使接触非线性问题简化成了纯几何非线性问题。对于上端周向自由,下端铰支的钻柱,用Rayleigh-Ritz法得到了有一定横向载荷作用时,确定螺旋屈曲临界载荷无量纲形式的非线性积分方程。应用符号运算软件Maple10,对具体的工程算例进行了求解。研究发现:该文的计算结果与已有的实验结果吻合,说明钻柱的螺旋屈曲问题是非线性问题,同时也证实了该文的非线性算法的有效性。该方法可用于求解斜直井内的钻柱屈曲问题。