电化学方法研究碳钢高温水体系中的氢扩散和渗透

本文应用Devanathan渗透装置的原理,设计了一套能用于测量碳钢-高温水体系中氢在碳钢中的扩散和渗透的实验装置,找出了该装置用于测量的最佳工作参数,并用该装置测量了373—473K下氢在碳钢中的扩散系数和扩散速率,讨论了氢在碳钢上还原的机理。     

Direct ethoxylation of fatty methyl ester over Al-Mg composite oxide catalyst

For the purpose of estimating the reaction mechanism of the direct ethoxylation of a fatty ester in the presence of an Al-Mg composite oxide catalyst, a labeled fatty methyl ester C₁₁H₂₃CO¹⁸OCH₃ containing ¹⁸O isotope was synthesized and directly ethoxylated. The product was evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC-MS spectra showed that the ¹⁸O isotope label was present only in the methoxy group at the molecular end of the ethoxylated fatty methyl ester. This supports the reaction mechanism of coordination anionic polymerization where the bond between the acyl and methoxy groups of the fatty methyl ester molecule was broken, caused by the bifunctional effect of the acid-base active sites; an intermediate chemisorption species was formed; and then ethylene oxide was addition-polymerized sequentially, in parallel.     

熔体直纺工艺中粘度波动对长丝质量的影响

讨论了熔体粘度波动时熔体的可纺性、POY的物性指标及后加工性能、DTY的质量指标及其染色等情况。结果表明;熔体粘度偏低时,前纺飘丝断头增多,后纺伸头困难,POY和DTY的强度降低、伸长度增大,DTY有较多的点状僵丝,袜带吸色较深且有较多的色斑点;熔体粘度偏高时,熔体泵前压力偏低,后加工张力高,纸筒管易于破裂。POY和DTY纤度偏小,强度增大,伸长度减小,各种不匀增大,袜带吸色较浅且较为均匀。初步确定熔体粘度的波动范围应控制在1.615—1.650.     

甲乙酮工艺水处理装置的改造与应用

根据引进的甲乙酮生产装置仲丁醇反应工艺水处理中出现的问题，对所得实验数据进行分析，最终确定工艺水处理改造方案，并取得了良好的效果，使工艺水处理应用技术得到进一步提高。     

环氧丙烷-苯乙酮二元体系的恒温汽液平衡研究

采用改进的“p x法”汽液平衡测定装置测定二物质沸点差达 167.7℃的环氧丙烷 苯乙酮二元体系在3 0 0K、 3 0 5K下的p x数据 ;并用直接法计算确定平衡汽相组成y。     

煤液化技术研究现状及其发展趋势

能源安全和环境保护是我国21世纪应引起高度重视的问题,煤炭既是能源的主要提供者,也是大气污染的主要污染源,其高效洁净利用不容忽视,煤炭液化技术是解决此矛盾的有效途径之一。对煤液化的发展历程、开发和应用现状以及发展趋势和产业化前景进行了概括,详细介绍了煤直接液化、间接液化和煤与废塑料共液化技术的特性、影响因素及其关键问题,并提出了煤液化技术在我国今后发展的一些看法和建议。     

Characterization of conducting poly(3‐methylthiophene) films prepared under sono‐electrochemical conditions

Poly(3‐methlthiophene) films were prepared under “silent” and “sono‐electrochemical” potentiostatic (SEP) conditions. A three‐electrode one‐compartment sono‐cell was used with a working platinum disc electrode. The sono‐electrochemically formed polymer films were deposited with different working electrode‐to‐horn distances. The composition, electrochemical, spectroscopic, and morphological characteristics of the resulting polymer films were determined. Elemental analysis, FTIR‐spectra, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data proved that the polymer films prepared under SEP conditions have predominant α‐α′‐couplings between the 3MT units, and the aromatic ring integrity is maintained in the film. Scanning electron microscopy showed that those films are more compact and less porous compared to the films prepared under silent conditions. The use of sono‐irradiation during electropolymerization enhanced the diffusion of the monomer units towards the electrode surface and resulted in relatively less doped polymers with less conductivity. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data for films prepared under silent and SEP conditions were collected in a monomer‐free solution. The results show that the impedance of SEP films is relatively higher than those prepared under silent conditions, and a combination of charge transfer kinetics with diffusion‐controlled conduction mechanism within the films. The diffusion was found to be a function of the porosity of the film. Conductivity measurements are in good agreement with EIS, elemental analysis, and XPS data. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 2416–2425, 2006     

Stabilization of Rössler chaotic dynamical system using fuzzy logic control algorithm

This paper proposes a fuzzy logic control algorithm (FLCA) to stabilize the Rössler chaotic dynamical system. The fuzzy logic control system is based on a Takagi-Sugeno-Kang inference engine and the stability analysis in the sense of Lyapunov is carried out using Lyapunov’s direct method. The new FLCA is formulated to offer sufficient inequality stability conditions. The asymptotic complexity of our algorithm is analyzed and proved to be lower in comparison with that of linear matrix inequality-based FLCAs. A set of simulation results illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed FLCA.     

三价铬电镀用氧化物涂层钛电极的电化学行为

采用极化曲线、循环伏安曲线及钝化曲线研究了三价铬电镀用含IrO2涂层钛电极的电化学行为.电极表面的扫描电镜照片表明,部分IrO2分散在针状结晶中,其余则分散在非晶相中.分析了三价铬镀铬过程中产生六价铬的原因.所研制的I型氧化物涂层钛电极具有高的析氧活性,其电催化活性与国外某公司的钛电极相当.在三价铬镀铬过程中,采用该电极连续电解120 A·h后,镀液中无Cr(Ⅵ)产生.     

电纺直写制备聚己内酯支架形貌及精度

作为一种新型的微纳制造技术，熔体直写电纺被广泛用于组织工程支架的可控制备,有序的纤维沉积是该领域应用的前提条件。对于支架成型精度的探究，本文使用生物可降解材料聚己内酯（PCL），采用自行设计的熔体电纺三维可控成型设备进行实验，考察了纤维间距对二维并行纤维沉积形貌及成型精度的影响，以及纺丝电压和网格大小对三维网格结构形貌及精度影响。结果表明，随着并行纤维设定距离的增大，纤维的沉积误差减小，并最终趋于平稳。对于三维网格结构，随电压的增加，最大沉积层数量先增大后减小，当纺丝电压为6kV时达到最大沉积层数15层。成型精度误差先减小后增大，当纺丝电压为7kV时，精度最高误差小于5%。随设定网格边长的增大，沉积层数不断增大。成型精度逐渐提高，当网格边长大于等于1.5mm时，沉积误差趋于稳定，并维持在5%左右。