氨水调配罐变形原因分析及处理

针对某化工原材料装置一氨水调配罐由于误操作而发生了变形破坏,从理论上分析了其变形破坏的原因,并指出罐的设计缺陷、安装不合理以及日常管理不严、职责不明确等因素,是容器类设备安全运行的几大隐患。     

On the use of multicriteria decision analysis to formally integrate community values into ecosystem‐based freshwater management

Freshwater ecosystems are essential to peoples' economic, cultural, and social well‐being, yet are still among the most threatened ecosystems on the planet. Consequently, a plethora of recent regulations and policies seek to halt the loss of restore or safeguard freshwaters, their biodiversity, and the ecosystem services they provide. Ecosystem‐based management (EBM), an approach that considers human society as an integral part of ecosystems, is increasingly being promoted to help meet this challenge. EBM involves an overarching regulatory framework and local solutions with trade‐offs and compromises—factors that not only make decision processes complex but also provide the means for combining top–down regulation with bottom‐up priorities into collaborative management strategies. Although stakeholder participation is encouraged in most modern freshwater management, community values are often largely neglected. Here, we introduce a well‐known participatory decision support framework based on multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) to operationalize EBM and promote community‐inclusive decision making in freshwater management. We explain the different steps that this approach comprises, which lead to the prioritization of a management strategy in a collaborative way. We also show how cultural values that inherently embed strong links between the environment and people can be used together with typical ecological and socio‐economic values. We illustrate the MCDA‐based EBM‐approach for New Zealand, one of the few countries in which regional freshwater management is mandated to uphold environmental quality standards, while safeguarding local community values and ecosystem services. Finally, we discuss some of the challenges, which are increasingly emerging as a result of mandated community collaboration in environmental management.     

浅析机房空调设置方式

通信设备只有在保持一定的温度、湿度的环境下才能有效地、正常地工作,论述机房空调系统机理、气流组织方式及设计要点。     

变生产指数下水平井生产动态分析

将Dikken模型中沿整个水平井段单位长度生产指数为常数的假定推广到为分段常数的情况,建立了变生产指数的分段井模型,并对新模型提出了数值算法.用编制的软件对两个算例进行了计算,绘制了水平井截面流量、径向流入剖面图,并计算了水平井沿程压力分布.利用本模型可根据油藏的实际情况对水平井水平段射孔分布和密度等完井方式进行优化设计,为现场使用水平井优化动态分析提供理论根据.     

杭州湾南翼东部边滩时空演变特征及影响因素分析

采用研究区不同历史时期的地形资料,结合水动力条件、泥沙来源与促淤围垦工程,探讨岸滩时空演变特征及其作用机制。结果表明:1959—2010年的51 a间,岸滩以0.08 m/a的速率持续淤积,但近年来淤积速率有所减缓;0,-2,-5 m等高线的淤进速度各不相同,其中0m线以61 m/a的速率向海淤进,速度最快,岸滩剖面呈逐渐变陡的态势。沿岸潮流的输沙作用以及围垦促淤工程是岸滩持续淤高的主要原因,但受涨潮流的抑制、风浪的冲蚀破坏以及杭州湾大规模的围垦和长江来沙量减少的宏观背景下,岸滩的淤涨速度将会日趋缓慢。     

PDMS永久井下监测系统及其应用

油井的“可视化”技术一直是地质家们最为关心的问题，PPS加拿大先锋石油公司开发研制的PDMS永久井下压力监测系统彻底的解决了这一难题。通过PDMS系统对油气井进行的长期实时监测获得的油层压力温度参数，将会对区块评价、地质解释和油田开发调整方案提供一个更广阔的发展空间。     

水平井测井解释在江苏油田的应用

介绍了湿接头和泵入法两种测井施工工艺的优缺点。分析了水平井与直井在测井环境、测井响应等方面的差异．研究了水平井测井中自然电位、自然伽马、声波测井在层界面的响应特征．探讨了水平井解释方法,即油水界面法和常规解释法。以XX水平井为例,对井眼轨迹在储层中的位置,储层横向变化特征,储层流体性质评价方法进行了研究。最后提出了关于水平测井的一些建议。     

Optimization of slurry components for a copper chemical mechanical polishing at low down pressure using response surface methodology

Copper replaced aluminium and the low-dielectric constant material (low-k dielectrics) served as a better isolator, which has become the inevitable developing trend of IC technology. Due to the low compression resistance of low-k material, the mechanical strength must be reduced in order to ensure the functional integrity, which is a challenge for the traditional chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) technology. To solve this issue, it is necessary to develop a chemically dominant CMP process at low down pressure. It is generally known that the implementation of optimum slurry composition is one of the important issues. To achieve a high removal rate (RR) and minimal WIWNU (Within-Wafer Non-Uniformity) at a down pressure of 0.63 psi, the response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize slurry composition which contains silica sols, H₂O₂ and FA/O chelating agent. A central composite design, which is the standard design of RSM, was used to evaluate the effects and interactions of three factors. The optimal conditions obtained from the compromise of the two desirable responses, RR and WIWNU, were silica sols concentration of 13.88 vol.%, H₂O₂ concentration of 16.13 ml/L and FA/O chelating agent concentration of 20.22 ml/L, respectively. The RSM was demonstrated as an appropriate approach for the optimization of the slurry components by confirmation experiments.     

基于AD6620的中频滤波器的设计

结合软件无线电的窄带中频采样数字化的基本模型,提出了一种基于数字下变频器AD6620的中频信号滤波器的设计方案,并详细讨论了一种提高系统信噪比的具体方法,给出了AD6620的CIC5和RCF滤波器频域响应的仿真结果。     

The Wearing Process as a Rite of Passage

This article explores some value-adding changes involved in the wearing down and wearing out of garments from a psycho-anthropological viewpoint. The material changes in a garment’s fabric transform a mass-produced commodity into a personalized item. This process is akin to the self-transformation taking place in rites of passage, where the transition is highlighted by scarification of the surface, that is, a mass produced garment equating a personalized one. Like a rite of passage, the wearing process that eventually causes garments to become worn down and/or worn out makes an individual socially presentable through simultaneous destruction and creation in a liminal space. The wearing experience’s transitional state is equated to the skin in a rite of passage. Thus, a garment is changeable, transient, responsive, and socially becoming, due to the material characteristics of the fabric’s flexibility and absorbency, which make it an extension of the wearer’s body.