NMR investigation of atomic bonding properties in Al–Li alloys

It has been suggested that intrinsic ductile versus brittle properties of alloys be connected with bonding characters in some sense while there is no much proof. In this investigation, ²⁷Al isotropic metallic shifts of Al–Li solid solutions were measured by ²⁷Al NMR spectroscopy. Previously observed anomalous elastic properties upon Li alloying were found to be closely related to ²⁷Al metallic shifts which were associated with s electron density of states at the Fermi level on Al sites. This result is relevant for better understanding of electronic origin of solid solution strengthening mechanisms in Al–Li alloys from the point of view of electronic structure.     

Influence of Hydride Re-orientation on BWR Cladding Rupture under Accidental Conditions

Hydride precipitation along the radial-axial plane increases in high burn-up boiling water reactor (BWR) fuel claddings. The radially-oriented hydrides may have an important role during fuel behavior in a reactivity-initiated accident and may reduce ductility of the cladding under pellet-cladding mechanical interaction (PCMI) conditions. In order to promote a better understanding of the influence of the radial hydrides on cladding failure behavior under the PCMI conditions, tube burst tests were conducted for unirradiated BWR claddings charged with 200 to 650 ppm of hydrogen. About 20 to 30% of hydrides were re-oriented and precipitated along the radial-axial plane. The claddings exhibited large rupture openings with an axial crack at room temperature and 373 K. The crack penetrated through cladding wall preferentially along the radial hydrides, and radial cross section showed cladding failure in a brittle manner. However, reduction in residual hoop strain by precipitation of the radial hydrides was very small. It is accordingly expected that ductility of high burn-up BWR cladding is significantly reduced not only by precipitation of radial hydrides as far as hydrogen concentration and radial hydride fraction range in the present study.     

抗震结构基于最大弹塑性位移耦合作用的滞回耗能谱

针对抗震结构研究了能够综合考虑结构弹塑性位移耦合作用的滞回耗能谱(简称"VH谱")。通过自编的Matlab程序,进行了大量的单自由度体系非线性时程分析,计算得到了一系列VH谱曲线,并拟合回归了4类场地的VH谱公式及其相关系数。VH谱综合考虑了结构最大弹塑性位移和结构累积滞回耗能的耦合作用,更加合理地反映结构在罕遇地震作用下的弹塑性行为,研究成果可供抗震结构基于能量性能设计或评估使用。     

Microstructure and Properties of Hot Working Die Steel H13MOD

Compared with H13 steel, the influences of different heat treatment process on the microstructure and properties of the new type of hot working die steel H13MOD were studied. The results show that the complete austenitizing temperature of H13MOD is around 1030 °C and the quenching hardness achieves the maximum value at this temperature. While for H13, the complete austenitizing temperature is above 1100 °C and the quenching hardness rise constantly with the quenching temperature increasing. In quenching process, the undissolved MC carbides can prevent the coarsening of grain in both steels. With the rise of quenching temperature, when MC carbides dissolve completely, the grain grows quickly. The hardness and strength of H13MOD at higher tempering temperature (above 570 °C) are nearly the same as those of H13, but its toughness is higher than that of H13. Mo₂ C carbide is the main strengthening phase in H13MOD, which is attributed to the higher content of Mo. The quantity of VC eutectic carbides is reduced because of lower content of V in H13MOD, which plays an important role in enhancing the impact toughness of H13MOD. Under a certain strength condition, H13MOD steel can be used in the environment that higher toughness is required and the service life of die casting mold can be improved.     

Palm oil deodorizer distillate as toughening agent in polylactide packaging films

Polylactide (PLA) is the most used biodegradable and biobased food packaging polymer for rigid containers and films. However, its low ductility is a hurdle for increasing its applications in flexible food packaging. A solution is the use of additives. Palm oil deodorizer distillate (PODC) is revealed to be an excellent additive promoting PLA ductility. PODC is a by‐product of vegetable oil refining, which is available in stable quality and in sufficient amounts. Amorphous PLA/PODC blends had an elongation at break of around 130% and that of semi‐crystalline blends was still around 55% compared to the initial 5% of neat PLA. At the same time the PLA rigidity and high glass transition temperatures were kept. PODC was also a very efficient processing aid, allowing for film blow extrusion. The blends were stable in properties during six months without exudation. They complied with legal norms of Food Contact Materials (EU 10/2011) and induced no sensorial alteration of packed food. Therefore PODC is a very interesting alternative to common plasticizers for the production of flexible PLA packaging films. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry     

Metallic glass–steel composite with improved compressive plasticity

A Zr_52.5Cu₁₈Ni_14.5Al₁₀Ti₅ bulk metallic glass toughened with a commercially available spring-shaped steel wire has been produced by centrifugal casting. The addition of the steel spring significantly affects shear band nucleation and propagation through the blockage, deflection and multiplication of shear bands at the glass–spring interface. As a result of the more homogeneous distribution of the plastic strain, the room temperature plasticity increases from 0.9% for the monolitic glass to about 4% for the glass–spring composite. Given the low volume fraction of the spring used in the composite (4.2 vol.%), these results demonstrate the extreme effectiveness of the steel spring for improving the plasticity of the metallic glass.     

Plastic coupled instabilities of I-shaped steel beams

The paper presents the case of plastic instability of I-shaped beams where the rotation capacity is a very important characteristic in order to assure the required ductility in plastic or seismic design. The failure of such beams can be due to the local plastic plate buckling of compression flange and local plate buckling of the web in flexural compression, produced in-plane or out-of-plane. In the same time the failure can occurs by coupling of these two local buckling modes. In order to study the plastic buckling of beams and to determine the available rotation capacity which is required by the plastic or seismic design, the collapse plastic mechanism theory was developed and a specialized computer program DUCTROT-M was elaborated. The parametrical analysis reveals the paramount importance of the web to thickness ratio and furthermore the sensitivity in out-of-plane buckling of the European hot-rolled sections.     

延性理论在结构概念设计中的作用与体现

结构设计中不仅必须重视属于结构外部因素的“力”,而且要牢牢地掌握及控制好属于结构内部因素的“延性”。本文通过举例,阐述并分析延性理论在整体结构及单一构件设计中的体现,从中折射出了延性理论在结构设计中所起的重要作用。     

内嵌预应力螺旋肋钢丝加固混凝土梁受弯性能试验研究

采用内嵌预应力加固法张拉系统,提出开槽、加固和张拉螺旋肋钢丝、填胶的施工工艺,并在此基础上,进行了10个内嵌预应力螺旋肋钢丝加固混凝土梁试件的试验研究。结果表明,采用内嵌预应力螺旋肋钢丝加固法,能够较好地改善被加固钢筋混凝土梁的整体工作性能,大幅度提高其开裂荷载,对屈服荷载和极限荷载也有明显的改善。随加固量及预应力水平不同被加固梁开裂荷载提高幅度为72.6%~321.26%,屈服荷载提高幅度为6.19%~99.09%,极限荷载提高幅度为46.04%~135.27%,加固效果明显。该加固方法能够有效改善加固梁的延性和安全性能,梁试件刚度提高明显,对裂缝的产生和发展都有约束作用,具有良好的加固效果,同时螺旋肋钢丝的高强性能也得到了充分发挥。     

增设翼墙加固钢筋混凝土柱受力性能分析

为了研究轴压比、翼墙厚度对增设翼墙加固的钢筋混凝土柱在低周反复荷载作用下受力性能的影响,在考虑加固柱的二次受力特性的前提下,采用数值模拟的方法分析加固柱的荷载位移滞回曲线和骨架曲线.结果表明:随着轴压比的增大,加固柱承载力、刚度增加,延性降低;翼墙厚度的变化对加固柱的承载力影响较小,但能够提高柱的耗能能力.