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21.
22.
Let us consider n data measurements of a univariate process that have been altered by random errors. We assume that an underlying model function has a substantially smaller number of turning points than the observed ones. We propose algorithms that make least the sum of the moduli of the errors by requiring k monotonic sections, alternately increasing and decreasing, in the sequence of the smoothed values. The main difficulty in this calculation is that the optimal positions of the joins of the monotonic sections have to be found automatically among so many combinations that it is impossible to test each one separately. Moreover, the calculation seems to be very intractable to general optimization techniques because O(nk ) local minima can occur. It is shown that dynamic programming can be used for separating the data into optimal disjoint sections of adjacent data, where each section requires a single L1 monotonic calculation. This procedure is highly efficient, requiring at most O(kn2 ) computer operations and O(n) best L1 monotonic calculations to subranges of data for a global minimum. 相似文献
23.
The crystallization of poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) in a polymer–magnetic Nd—Fe—B powder suspension was studied. Isothermal crystallization behavior was analyzed by way of differential scanning calorimetry, and the kinetics were described via the Avrami equation. The Avrami parameters and the crystallization times were strongly affected by both the particle size and the presence of a coupling agent coated on the filler particles. The small Nd—Fe—B particles exhibited long induction and half‐times, whereas the large particles tended to have short crystallization times. Particles ranging from 38 to 150 μ appeared to have similar crystallization times and to have no significant change in the value of Avrami index with melt crystallization temperature. As a result of these analyses, the dynamic mechanical properties were determined to correlate the fundamental polymer crystallization characteristics and the physical properties of the PPS binder. The enhancement of the wetting of the filler to the binder was promoted through the coupling agent, as confirmed by dynamic mechanical testing performed on the samples. The storage modulus typically decreased because of the presence of the uncoated small particles. Conversely, the loss modulus was enhanced because of the presence of the coated small particles in the PPS binder. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 1091–1102, 2002 相似文献
24.
采用DSC对不同分子量的聚醚酰亚胺的等温及动态热焓松弛行为进行了研究,并以KWW方程对实验数据进行了非线性拟合。结果表明,分子量对热焓松弛的影响是由高分子端基引起自由体积的差异所致。不同分子量的聚醚酰亚胺分子具有不同数量的端基,淬冷时端基数目的差异将产生不同数量的过剩自由体积,从而影响松弛热焓及松弛速率、低分子量的聚醚酰亚胺松弛相对较快,且起始热焓高,松弛的表观活化能亦较小。 相似文献
25.
This paper presents an efficient method which provides the optimal generation mix and the optimal generation construction process. The approximation method in which the dynamic programming technique and gradient method are combined is applied to determine the optimal generation mix with hydropower generation technologies. The successive approximations dynamic programming (SADP) technique, which is very suitable for high-dimensional multistage decision process problems, is used for obtaining the optimal generation construction process. The effectiveness and feasibility of the developed technique are demonstrated on a practical power system model which has five types of generation technologies including a hydropower generation technology. 相似文献
26.
本文利用等效工作站理论和工件流平衡原理,推导出非串行离散事件生产线可以等价于串联系统,并归结为装配和拆卸两条定理,解决了系统的建模、分析与设计问题。 相似文献
27.
Christina Dirk‐Faitakis D Grant Allen 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2005,80(7):737-745
This paper describes the development and simulation of an unsteady state biofilter model used to predict dynamic behaviour of cyclically‐operated biofilters and compares it with experimental results obtained from three, parallel, bench‐scale biofilters treating both periodically fluctuating concentrations and constant concentrations of an α‐pinene‐laden gas stream. The dynamic model, using kinetic parameters estimated from the constant concentration biofilter, was able to predict the performance of cyclic biofilters operating at short cycle periods (ie, in the order of minutes and hours). Steady state kinetic data from a constant concentration biofilter can be used to predict unsteady state biofilter operation. At a 24 h cycle period, the dynamic model compared well with experimental results. For long cycle periods (ie, hours and days), removal efficiency decreased after periods of non‐loading: the longer the period of non‐loading, the poorer the biofilter's performance at the re‐commencement of pollutant loading. At longer time scales the model did not effectively predict transient behaviour, as adsorption and changes in kinetic parameters were not accounted for. Modelling results showed that similar biofiltration performance for the cyclic and constant concentration biofiltration of α‐pinene is expected for biofilters operating solely in the first order kinetics regime. Poorer performance for cyclic biofilters following Monod kinetics spanning the entire kinetics range is expected as the cycle amplitude increases. The most important parameters affecting the performance of a cyclically‐operated biofilter with short cycle periods are: amplitude of cyclic fluctuations, Cg, max/Cg, relative value of the half‐saturation constant in the Monod expression, Ks, and effective diffusivity of α‐pinene in the biofilm, De. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
28.
Displacement Discontinuity Method for Fracture Mechanics Analysis of Reissner Plates: Static and Dynamic 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper is concerned with the displacement discontinuity method applied to the shear deformable plates (Reissner’s and
Mindlin’s theories) with cracks subjected to static and dynamic loads. Fundamental solutions of dislocation are derived using
the Fourier transform method and the Laplace transformation technique. Boundary integral equations are presented in terms
of rotations/displacement on the crack surfaces. The Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind are used to evaluate the integral
equations with hypersingular kernels on the crack boundaries and determine the stress intensity factors at the crack tips.
Comparisons are made with other numerical solutions to demonstrate the proposed method is accurate both for static and dynamic
problems. 相似文献
29.
Karen S. Servilla Antonios H. Tzamaloukas Charles Carter Glen H. Murata 《Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis》2002,6(1):35-39
We developed a composite compliance index as the sum of the compliance scores for interdialytic weight gain (IDWG), pre‐dialysis serum potassium and phosphorus concentrations (each scored from zero to 3, with 3 indicating the poorest compliance), and skipping hemodialysis sessions (scored from zero to 9, with 9 indicating the poorest compliance). We used this composite score to prospectively evaluate compliance in 25 prevalent hemodialysis patients over a period of 1 year. We then followed these patients for another 3.5 years. The patients studied were divided into two groups: group A (poor compliance) consisted of 9 subjects with composite score ≥ 9 (13.2 ± 3.2); group B (better compliance) consisted of 16 subjects with composite score < 9 (4.7 ± 1.8). Age, duration of hemodialysis, and frequency of diabetes mellitus did not differ between the groups. Group A contained higher fractions of subjects with history of alcoholism (66.7% vs 12.5%, p = 0.010), other substance addiction (44.4% vs 0%, p = 0.010), and severe psychosocial problems (88.9% vs 18.8%, p = 0.002). Mean survival from the beginning of observation, estimated by actuarial life‐table survival analysis, was 1.19 years in group A and 2.60 years in group B (p = 0.0265). A composite compliance index incorporating domains indicating adherence to diet, medications, and dialysis schedule identified other behavioral problems in poorly compliant patients. Hemodialysis patients characterized by this composite index as poorly compliant had shortened survival. 相似文献
30.
以网络技术和信息技术为依托,建立职业安全健康动态监控信息系统,进行职业安全健康管理的监控和预警,提高安全管理的现代化水平。 相似文献