EMD滤波方法在NMR测井中的应用

核磁共振测井中,回波信号的信噪比对T2谱反演及后续地层解释评价过程有重要影响。基于核磁共振测井信号与噪声的分析,提出了一种采用自适应性较强的经验模态分解（ EMD）算法对核磁共振测井原始数据作消噪处理。结果表明,采用该滤波算法,实验室回波数据信噪比由22 dB提高到46 dB,标准油井回波数据信噪比由11 dB提高到31 dB,反演得到的T2分布更加精确,多次重复测量中孔隙度结果有较高的一致性。     

基于冲击回波法的混凝土板块开口裂纹的研究

用冲击回波法对混凝土板块不同深度开口裂纹进行了测量，并对获取数据进行后处理和分析，得出了有关混凝土板块开口裂纹用冲击回波法测量的一些结论。     

多元混沌时间序列的因子回声状态网络预测模型

针对采用回声状态网络预测多元混沌时间序列时存在的病态解问题, 本文建立了因子回声状态网络模型, 通过因子分析(Factor analysis, FA)方法提取高维储备池状态矩阵的公因子, 去除冗余和噪声成分. 利用降维后的因子变量与期望输出之间的线性回归关系, 求解网络未知参数. 基于Lorenz序列和大连月平均气温--降雨量的仿真实验验证了本文所提模型的有效性.     

基于M估计的有效成比例仿射投影算法

在回声消除中,针对回声路径具有稀疏性的优势,有学者提出基于μ准则记忆的改进型成比例仿射投影算法（μ‐MIPAPA）,但该算法抗脉冲干扰性能较差。为此将稳健估计中的M估计应用于该算法,提出一种基于M 估计μ准则记忆的改进型成比例仿射投影算法（μ‐MMIPAPA）。为使算法具有更好的稳态性能,采用改良的 Huber M 估计函数,改进阈值参数的选取方式。有色输入下的稀疏回声信道辨识结果表明了μ‐M M IPA PA的良好稳态性能和抗脉冲干扰性能。     

基于激光雷达回波信号的自适应阈值车道线检测

基于激光雷达的车道线检测目前使用最多的是基于雷达扫描点密度的检测方法,但它的抗干扰能力差.为此,本文利用激光雷达的回波脉冲宽度对于车道线与路面的区分度进行特征提取,提出一种特征提取方法,分两步进行——基于脉冲宽度动态阈值的种子点提取和基于高斯核加权搜索的区域生长.然后引入FCL(fuzzy C-means of line)算法识别车道线(以线为中心进行聚类),最后通过最小二乘法拟合车道线.通过实车在6个不同的道路场景下进行实验,都能够准确检测出车道线,同时具有较高的检测精度.     

LiDAR点云支持下地物精细分类的实现方法

在遥感数据分类中,获取精细的地物类别无疑能够传递更加丰富的信息量,进一步加深对遥感数据的理解和解译。在机载LiDAR点云高程数据的支持下,提出并实现了遥感影像上地物精细分类的方法。为保证高精度地同种地物再划分,综合考虑配准、辅助数据源、首次回波、点云密度及影像空间分辨率4种因素,并重点解决了点云密度与影像空间分辨率不匹配的问题,利用决策树显著地提高了影像上建筑物、植被的分类数量,使点云与影像联合分类的优势得到体现,达到了分类精度与地物类别数量相统一的目的。     

Heuristic Dynamic Programming Using Echo State Network For Multivariable Tracking Control Of Wastewater Treatment Process

This paper proposes a heuristic dynamic programming (HDP) scheme to simultaneously control the dissolved oxygen concentration and the nitrate level in wastewater treatment processes (WWTP). Unlike traditional HDP schemes, the optimal control values are calculated in an analytical way by the proposed HDP controller. It can reduce the learning burden of the HDP controller to a great extent. The system model and the evaluation index J are approximated by two echo state networks (ESNs). Gradient‐based learning algorithms are employed to train both ESNs online, and the convergence of the training algorithm is investigated based on Lyapunov theory. The performance of the proposed ESN‐based HDP (E‐HDP) controller is tested and evaluated on a WWTP benchmark. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach can achieve effective performance.     

三维快速自旋回波(SPACE)——序列原理及其应用

二维快速自旋回波(Two Dimensional Turbo Spin Echo,2D TSE)是目前临床应用十分广泛的一项成像技术。通 过与隔层扫描技术相结合,2D TSE 已在短时间内迅速应用于整个大脑的成像。由于射频能量吸收率(Specific Absorption Rate,SAR)以及 T2 衰减的影响,TSE 数据采集效率难以满足三维成像的要求。SPACE(Sampling Perfection with Application-optimized Contrasts by using different flip angle Evolutions)在 TSE 的基础上,采用非选择回聚脉冲和可变翻转 角,克服了 SAR 和 T2 衰减的影响,满足了临床对三维 TSE 的需求。文章将详细介绍 SPACE 的基本原理,分析成像参 数对图像质量的影响,并简单介绍 SPACE 在人体各个部位的临床应用及其前景展望。     

Bed morphology, flow structure, and sediment transport at the outlet of Lake Huron and in the upper St. Clair River

An integrated multibeam echo sounder and acoustic Doppler current profiler field survey was conducted in July 2008 to investigate the morphodynamics of the St. Clair River at the outlet of Lake Huron. The principal morphological features of the upper St. Clair River included flow-transverse bedforms that appear weakly mobile, erosive bedforms in cohesive muds, thin non-cohesive veneers of weakly mobile sediment that cover an underlying cohesive (till or glacio-lacustrine) surface, and vegetation that covers the bed. The flow was characterized by acceleration as the banks constrict from Lake Huron into the St. Clair River, an approximately 1500-m long region of flow separation downstream from the Blue Water Bridge, and secondary flow connected to: i) channel curvature; ii) forcing of the flow by local bed topography, and iii) flow wakes in the lee side of ship wrecks. Nearshore, sand-sized, sediment from Lake Huron was capable of being transported into, and principally along, the banks of the upper St. Clair River by the measured flow. A comparison of bathymetric surveys conducted in 2007 and 2008 identifies that the gravel bed does undergo slow downstream movement, but that this movement does not appear to be generated by the mean flow, and could possibly be caused by ship-propeller-induced turbulence. The study results suggest that the measured mean flow and dredging within the channel have not produced major scour of the upper St. Clair River and that the recent fall in the level of Lake Huron is unlikely to have been caused by these mechanisms.