Impact of QOS requirements on video coding for ATM networks

The broadband integrated services digital networks (B-ISDN) based on asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) technology can support a wide range of applications such as voice, video, still images, and data. Compression techniques increase the effective bandwidth utilization, but the bursty and asynchronous nature of the traffic can still lead to congestion in the network, and degradation of image quality and quality of service (QOS). Some of the features to provide better coding schemes for ATM networks are layered coding, resynchronization, buffering, interleaved schemes, constrained bit rate due to buffers, encapsulation with the RTP or AAL1 for clock recovery, lapped transforms, motion compensation, and optimal bit allocation for coders based on wavelet transforms. We review various techniques forimage and video coding such as transforms, motion compensation, vector quantization, and subband coding. We outline the impact of the cell loss ratio (CLR), delay and cell delay variation (CDV) on video coding: blocking effects, loss of frame synchronization, motion vectors, and vector quantization codewords. The open problems include tuning coding parameters to the available QOS provided by the network.     

Health and Indoor Climate Complaints of 7043 office Workers in 61 Buildings in the Netherlands

During the winter of 1988/1989, the relationships between the prevalence of work-related health and indoor climate complaints and a number of building, management, workplace and personal characteristics have been investigated in a study in more than 60 office buildings located throughout the Netherlands. To collect the information, a questionnaire was prepared on health and indoor climate complaints and personal and workplace characteristics. A checklist was used to obtain information on building characteristics More than 7000 questionnaires were completed by the regular users of the buildings investigated. The results showed that the prevalence of symptoms was higher in air-conditioned buildings than in naturally or mechanically ventilated buildings. some other variables were also related with most work-related complaints after adjustment for selected management, personal, workplace and job characteristics. These included gender, work satisfaction in general, presence of allergies and/or respiratory symptoms, and personal control over temperature at the workplace. No differences were found in symptom prevalences between buildings with spray and steam humidification. The combination of air-conditioning and humidification did not lead to further increases in the prevalence of complaints as compared to buildings with only airconditioning or only humidification.     

煤矿微机安全生产监测监控系统

本文介绍了分站式系统、无分站式系统以及复全式系统的特点，主要论述了复合式微机安全生产监测监控的结构、性能和应用。     

收尽铁路油槽车底油的措施

介绍了造成铁路油槽车底油收不尽的原因，一是节约意识差；二是设备设施陈旧或维护不够；三是操作不当。提出了增强节约意识，挖掘设备潜力，采用合理的吸油方法的对策。     

打管理基础 求科技支撑 取创新成效 全力履行精益保供核心使命

主要介绍了热电厂近几年来在技术管理方面取得的主要工作经验，以及围绕生产经营开展科技创新所取得的成绩，并且针对当前形势，进一步提出了热电厂今后一个时期科技工作的指导思想、任务目标和措施。     

房地产开发企业会计核算问题探讨

本文就房地产开发企业会计核算的现状及特点进行了分析,并提出了完善房地产开发企业会计核算规范的对策。     

Marmaray project: Tunnels and stations in BC contract

Istanbul is one of the most famous historical cities in the world. However, the project alignment selected as the best of a range of alignments cannot avoid passing beneath the historical and cultural heritages of Istanbul as well as under ancient and densely inhabited areas of the city. This paper will explain some of the challenges related to the bored tunnels.

Historical buildings are vulnerable. Yet many existing residential and office buildings are old and constructed on minimal foundations. As a consequence, it is vital that any drawdown of groundwater and any ground settlements have to be minimized.

In addition, the connection between the immersed and bored tunnels will be made directly and totally underground, without the usual intermediate shafts and beneath the deep waters of the Bosphorus Strait. This operation needs the utmost control of the tunnel excavation face to ensure its stability and to minimize water ingress. Based on such considerations, tunnel excavation by tunnel boring machine (TBM) using a slurry shield and having the ability to operate under high pore pressures was recommended as the method of excavation for the main running tunnels.

The paper will explain how the design team from Avrasyaconsult – the Employer’s Representative – arrived at the final minimum, specific and functional requirements of the bored tunneling works which are to be carried out using the ‘FIDIC EPC/Turnkey Project’ conditions.     

石膏制品防水防潮剂的研制与开发

本文提出采用高分子有机材料配合，生产石膏制品防水防潮剂的生产方法和工艺。该剂还可以应用到氧化镁系列板材，同时提出开发珠光或彩色防水防潮剂，能达到满足的装饰效果，值提开发推广。