The Feasibility of Immobilization of Bioflocculant-producing Bacteria Using Mycelial Pellets as Biomass Carriers

Bioflocculant-producing bacteria Agrobacterium tumefaciens F2 and Bacillus sphaeicus F6 were immobilized onto mycelial pellets to investigate the bioflocculant-producing potential of this combined organism and the corresponding flocculating efficiency. The atomic force microscope (AFM) images of mycelial surface indicate that the mycelia pellet can immobilize bioflocculant-producing bacteria F2 and F6 as a biomass carrier. The flocculating efficiency of bioflocculant produced by this combined organism was studied under the optimum flocculating conditions obtained by Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The fermentation yield of the combined mycelial pellet is about 2.6 g/L, which is higher than that of the free bacteria (only 2.2 g/L). Flocculating efficiency of the combined mycelial pellet was comparable with that of bioflocculant generated by the free bacteria. The bioflocculant yield is enhanced and the flocculating efficiency of the co-culture is uninfluenced after immobilized with mycelial pellet as a carrier. In conclusion, the mycelial pellet is feasible as a biomass carrier for the immobilization of bioflocculant-producing bacteria.     

浮床组合生物技术对湖泊富营养化水体氮磷去除效果试验研究

试验采用浮床栽培香根草、在浮床周围悬挂人工介质、并定期向水体中投加光合细菌的组合技术,对湖泊富营养化水体进行了试验研究.试验结果表明,浮床组合生物技术对湖泊富营养化水体中的总氮、总磷具有明显的去除效果,能显著改善富营养化水体的水质;同时试验结果表明通过向水体中投放鱼类来延长生物链,更有利于提高浮床组合生物修复技术对富营养化水体的净化能力.     

硅酸盐细菌在资源工程中的应用研究现状

对硅酸盐细菌的特性及在矿物加工领域中的应用现状作了较全面的综述；重点概括了硅酸盐细菌用于分解矿物、提取有价金属、矿石除杂、浮选、水处理等矿物加工方面的最新进展；同时，对硅酸盐细菌的解矿机理及在溶矿方面应用存在的问题进行了分析。     

Fecal Coliform Removal within a Marshland Upwelling System Consisting of Scatlake Soils

The marshland upwelling system (MUS) was installed on private camps in the Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Moss Point, Mississippi. The system was evaluated for its effectiveness in removing fecal coliforms from settled, raw wastewater. A suite of studies was performed at flow rates of 1.9, 2.8, and 5.5 L/min and an injection frequency of 30 min every 3 h to investigate fecal coliform removal. An additional study was performed at a flow rate of 2.8 L/min and an injection frequency of 15 min every hour. Overall, the MUS consistently maintained fecal concentrations below effluent regulatory standards for shellfish harvesting waters (14 most probable number of colonies per 100 mL). Mean influent concentrations of 55,269±2,218,016 colony forming units (CFU)/100 mL were reduced to effluent counts of 2.7±14.07 CFU/100 mL (observed in the 1.5 m wells). Three- to four-log reductions in influent counts were observed over the initial 1.4 vector?m from the injection well. The overall removal followed a first-order decay relationship with respect to vector distance, resulting in removal rate constants ranging from 5.6 to 6.6/m and predicted surface concentrations approaching 0 CFU/100 mL. The 2.8 L/min for 30 min every 3 h treatment provided the best effluent quality.     

聚合物驱采油污水处理研究进展

含聚丙烯酰胺污水是一类比较复杂、特殊的污水,随着各个油田相继采用聚合物驱以提高原油采收率,采油污水的数量在逐年增加,其处理已成为一个亟待解决的问题。综述了采用几种方式降解水中聚丙烯酰胺的可行性研究结果,光催化氧化、硫酸盐还原菌都能使水中聚丙烯酰胺有不同程度的降解。光催化氧化考察了催化体系、光源体系等对HPAM的影响。采用1%的催化剂TiO2使用中压汞灯在紫外光的作用下,可使聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)分解至8%左右。硫酸盐还原菌在油藏环境条件pH为7左右时,大量繁殖生长,使HPAM大幅度降解。在高温下(60～80℃),聚丙烯酰胺失稳发生降解,高温及高矿化度油藏也会导致HPAM降解。以上研究为解决聚合物采油污水的处理奠定了良好的基础。     

乳品中活性益生菌选择性检测方法的研究

研究了含活性益生菌乳品中嗜热乳链球菌、保加利亚乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、双歧杆菌和干酪乳杆菌的选择性计数方法。结果表明：ST—琼脂培养基适合嗜热乳链球菌的计数；LC—琼脂培养基适合干酪乳杆菌的计数；MRS—NNLP琼脂培养基适合双歧杆菌的计数；MRS—pH5．2琼脂培养基适合保加利亚乳杆菌的计数；MRS—柳醇琼脂或MRS—山梨醇琼脂可用于嗜酸乳杆菌和干酪乳杆菌的计数；若产品中只含有嗜酸乳杆菌和干酪乳杆菌时，可先测其总数，再用LC—琼脂培养基选择计数干酪乳杆菌数，两者之差即为嗜酸乳杆菌数。     

鹿茸促菌作用的微量热法研究

用2277热活性检测仪测定了鹿茸对金黄色葡萄球菌,大肠杆菌促菌作用的热功率-时间曲线,建立了促菌作用的实验模型,计算出了不同浓度的鹿茸促菌作用下的生长速率常数,根据生长速率常数与所用鹿茸浓度的关系曲线,确定了最佳用药浓度.     

产氢发酵细菌培养基的选择和改进

高效产氢菌株的筛选与分离是生物制氢技术应用的重要基础之一,现有培养基都存在一定缺陷,为分离到高效产氢菌株,提出 LM 系列培养基配方,并通过产氢发酵细菌的分离和生长实验,确定了培养基的强还原剂为半胱氨酸,pH 值为6.根据培养基对厌氧菌的分离数量、种类和培养基成分的分析,选择 LM-1培养基为产氢发酵细菌的分离培养基.LM-1培养基分离出的5株高效产氢发酵细菌属于4个菌属,其中拟杆菌属、克雷伯氏菌属是国际上尚未分离到的高效产氢发酵细菌.利用 LM-1培养基进行高效产氢细菌分离操作,得到较好的效果.     

酸乳制品中乳酸菌分离筛选方法研究

将保加利亚乳酸杆菌和嗜热链球菌在七种固体培养基中的生长情况进行比较，结果表明，酸化ＭＲＳ和Ｍ１７培养基分别是该两菌的较好的分离培养基。菌种的筛选应进行产酸风味和组织状态的综合比较，两菌不同组合菌株的选择应结合不同发酵条件进行。通过该方法分离筛选到不同风味类型的两组混菌。     

蒸发冷却水质问题的分析研究

蒸发冷却空调是以水作为制冷剂,通过在西北地区的实际工程应用,发现存在着蒸发冷却器表面结水垢以及细菌滋生等水质问题.本文针对这两大问题,从产生的原因、条件以及环境等方面进行了分析;阐述了导致上述两大问题的关键原因,提出从补水、流失水比例、水系统的软化以及抗菌剂的填加等几个环节加强水质管理的措施;通过全面的分析和研究,认为蒸发冷却器不会产生军团病.