Enhancement of electromechanical properties of natural rubber by adding barium titanate filler: An electro-mechanical study

Natural rubber is one of the most potential electro-active polymers for sensors, actuators, and energy harvesting applications. Enhancing the characteristic properties of polymers by reinforcing with fillers that possess multifunctional attributes have attracted considerable attention. In the present study, barium titanate reinforced natural rubber composite is prepared by using two-roll mill mixing. Afterwards, mechanical, electrical, and electromechanical properties of the composites are extensively analyzed by reinforcing different amounts of barium titanate into the matrix of natural rubber. The fabricated dielectric composite shows excellent properties such as high dielectric constant, low dielectric losses, high dielectric breakdown strength, and extreme stretchability. It is observed that as the filler loading reaches the value of 11 parts per hundred rubber (phr), maximum agglomeration of the particles occurs. Maximum stretchability and highest ratio of dielectric constant to elastic modulus are obtained at 8 phr of barium titanate fillers and at the loading, a maximum actuation strain of 11.24% is achieved. This study provides a simple, economical, and effective method for preparing enhanced mechanical, electrical, and electromechanical properties of natural rubber composites, facilitating the wide applications of dielectric materials as actuators and generators.     

Preparation and electrochemical application of an AgNW/graphene/SU-8 composite conductive photoresist

Photoresists play an increasingly important role in industrial fields like micro-electro mechanical systems, micromachining, and chip packaging. However, the traditional one-component photoresist is insulated, and additional steps are required to make it conductive, which complicates the process and limits its application. In order to solve the problem, we establish a one-step strategy to build conductive composite photoresist. Herein, graphene (GR) and silver nanowire (AgNW) are doped into SU-8 photoresist to fabricate a photo-patternable conductive composite. The composite photoresist is employed to make micro-patterns on an ITO electrode using photolithography, followed by electrochemical reduction of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) to produce a nonenzymatic sensing coating. Experimental results prove that the response current of the obtained sensor is linearly related to the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the range of 1–25 mM. The sensitivity and detection limit of the sensor are 41.8 μA mM⁻¹ cm⁻² and 9 μM, respectively. Moreover, excellent sensing performance including anti-interference, repeatability, and stability demonstrates the potential application of CuNPs/AgNW/GR/SU-8 composite material in electrochemical sensing.     

TiO2-SnO2 coated bamboo biochar for electrochemical treatment of coking wastewater

A new type of bamboo biochar (BC) loaded TiO₂-SnO₂ particle electrode was prepared and characterized by SEM, FT-IR, BET and XRD for efficient treatment of the coking wastewater in a three-dimensional electrochemical reaction system(3DERs). The results showed that bamboo biochar had a dense microporous space structure, and a significant amount of Ti-Sn oxides existed on the surface and in the interior of the BC. The removal rates of COD and DOC in coking wastewater reached to 73.96% and 66.72% respectively, and UV₂₅₄ reduced from 6.65 cm^-1 to 3.00 cm^-1 by the electrolysis treatment of 150 min at the current density of 30 mA/cm². The three-dimensional fluorescence spectra indicated that the most of the soluble organic compounds and soluble microbial by-products were degraded and transformed. The addition of Ti and Sn enhanced the efficacy of the electrooxidation, electro-adsorption and electrocatalytic behavior of the BC particle electrodes, which improved the treatment effect on coking wastewater in the 3DERs. In addition, this study provides the possibility of basic research for the engineering practice of electrochemical oxidation treatment of coking wastewater.     

Analysis of corrosion behavior of LY12 in sodium chloride solution with wavelet transform technique

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Characteristics of graphite felt electrode electrochemically oxidized for vanadium redox battery application

The graphite felt was oxidized at a positive electrode potential in sulfuric acid solution.The electrochemical performance of the treated graphite felt served as electrode for vanadium redox battery was investigated with FT-IR,SEM,XPS,BET,cyclic voltammetry and testing VRB system,respectively.The results show that the molar ratio of O to C increases from 0.085 to 0.15 due to the increase of—COOH functional groups during electrochemical oxidation treatment,and the GF surface is eroded by electrochemical oxidation,resulting in the surface area increase from 0.33 m2/g to 0.49 m 2/g.The VRB with modified GF electrode exhibits excellent performance under a current density of 30 mA/cm 2 .The average current efficiency reaches 94%and average voltage efficiency reaches 85%.The improvement of electrochemical activity for the electrode is ascribed to the increase of the number of—COOH group and the special surface of GF.     

镍硫化物阳极溶解的电化学研究

研究了合成镍硫化物的阳极过程。Ni_3S_2,Ni_7S_6和NiS的活性溶解伴随着生成表面产物层,其反应机理与电极电位有关。根据三种不同类型产物层生成规律的电化学研究,Ni溶出表观电子数的测定,以及产物层相组成分析和相的元素分析,认为存在三组平行反应:直接生成HSO_4~-或SO_(4-)~2的反应,生成中间硫化物的反应及生成元素硫的反应,每组反应具有不同的优势发展电位区。NiS_2阳极溶解时,基本上为生成HSO_(4-)或SO_(4-)~2的反应。     

电化学方法探讨三聚磷酸钛及磁性氧化铁在有机涂层中的缓蚀机制

本文利用电化学方法研究了在油漆涂层中添加三聚磷酸钛和磁性氧化铁对金属防护性能的影响。结果表明,三聚磷酸钛作为活性防锈颜料,添加在涂层中能够极大地改善涂层的防护性能,磁性氧化铁亦不失为一种较好的防锈颜料,但性能不及三聚磷酸钛。同时亦探讨了这两种颜料的可能防锈机理。     

不锈钢表面的电化学机械复合抛光

介绍了一台由立式铣床改装的电化学机械复合抛光装置。讨论了加工电压、磨轮压力与加工效率的关系以及加工电压对表面粗糙度的影响。     

Pt/onion-like fullerenes as catalyst for direct methanol fuel cell

Onion-like fullerenes synthesized by arc discharge in water were used as support of Pt nanoparticles as electrocatalytic materials for direct methanol fuel cell. Uniform platinum nanoparticles with the average diameter of about 4.3 nm were well dispersed on the surface of onion-like fullerenes by impregnation-reduction method. The morphologies and microstructures of the as-prepared composites were studied by means of XRD and TEM. Electrochemical analysis shows that this kind of nano material may be an excellent candidate to be used as the support of catalyst for methanol electrochemical oxidation.     

流动条件下炔氧甲基季胺盐的缓蚀性能研究

利用交流阻抗(EIS)、线性极化、动电位极化和失重法，研究了炔氧甲基季胺盐对N80在常温CO2饱和的3％NaCl溶液中的电化学行为和缓蚀性能的影响．结果表明：空白溶液中N80的累计失重在4m／s以后急剧增大，即介质的临界流速为4～5m／s．动态下炔氧甲基季胺盐存在与静态下相同的浓度极值现象，流速低于5m／s时缓蚀剂的极值浓度与静态时相同，都为150mg／L，而流速高于5m／s后极值浓度有所增加．