工程机械用丙烯酸中涂树脂的制备及应用

以苯乙烯、丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟丙酯、丙烯酸乙酯为原料，通过溶液聚合法合成了丙烯酸中涂树脂，用该树脂、填料和助剂制备了工程机械用丙烯酸中涂漆，并讨论了各组分对涂料性能的影响。     

软土场地不规则深基坑旋喷锚护支撑技术

某工程基坑具有周边环境开阔、开挖范围内土质条件差、基坑平面形状不规则、开挖面积大等特点。对比优选对撑和角撑的结合、环形支撑、锚杆拉撑等支撑形式，大部分区域采用对撑和角撑相结合形式，在沉井位置处加设拉梁板支撑，在对撑和角撑难以布置的区段采用斜向旋喷锚桩作为外拉锚撑，在需严格保护的文物建筑区段，采用布置角撑及拉梁钻孔桩的形式。监测数据表明，基坑水平位移及竖直位移均在设计要求变形控制范围内，且取得了较好经济效益。     

Spray drying conditions for orange juice incorporated with lactic acid bacteria

This work aimed to develop an orange juice powder by spray drying with lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum 299v and Pediococcus acidilactici HA‐6111‐2), testing their survival both during drying and storage (room temperature and 4 °C). Initially, the best conditions for spray drying were chosen to allow the best survival of each LAB: (i) inlet air temperature of 120 °C and (ii) 0.5:2 ratio of the orange juice soluble solids and drying agent added (prebiotics: 10 DE maltodextrin or gum Arabic). Survival of LAB was not affected by drying process, and it was higher when cultures were stored at 4 °C. A slightly higher protection was conferred by 10 DE maltodextrin, in the case of L. plantarum and at 4 °C. Pediococcus acidilactici was more resistant during storage at 4 °C, with logarithmic reductions lower than 1 log‐unit. It was demonstrated that it is possible to produce a functional nondairy product, orange juice powder supplemented with prebiotic compounds, containing viable LAB for at least 7 months, when stored at 4 °C.     

Temperature,current density and cobalt concentration effects on electrodeposited anticorrosive cobalt-tungsten alloys using factorial experiment design and ANOVA techniques

ABSTRACT

Corrosion processes can compromise the durability of metallic materials. One way to minimise the effects of corrosion is to coat them with corrosion-resistant alloys. In this study, Co–W alloys were produced by electrodeposition and their anticorrosive performance was evaluated at different levels of current density, Co bath concentration and bath temperature, using factorial experiment design and ANOVA techniques. This evaluation consisted of measuring corrosion current and using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Adherent and corrosion resistant alloys were obtained at the lowest temperature of experimental design (25°C) and current density (10?mA?cm^?2) values. From the corrosion tests, X-ray Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis it was possible to conclude that the increase in the tungsten percentage in the composition of the alloy generated an increase in corrosion resistance. Although the alloys’ chemical composition has influence on the corrosion resistance, their physical aspect, such as the presence of cracks, are more significant for the resistance to corrosion.     

高速钢微径立铣刀的Ni-Mo-P化学镀工艺

基于化学镀Ni-Mo-P具有高硬度、表面光洁、可在复杂型面上获得均匀镀层等优点,将其应用于高速钢微径立铣刀上,并通过铣削试验对镀层性能进行分析。结果表明:Ni-Mo-P三元合金镀层对于提高高速钢微径立铣刀的表面硬度、增强局部刚性具有一定效果;镀层结合力是影响Ni-Mo-P化学镀在高速钢微径刀具上推广应用的关键制约因素。     

用于纺织品表面永久改性的工业真空等离子体技术

通过等离子体处理,合成材料(如涂覆聚氨酯的聚酯或聚酰胺)表面的黏附性得以显著提高。研究还表明:通过聚合物和非聚合物形成的气体混合物引入极性基团,可显著改善材料的亲水耐久性;且可聚合性气体,如CH_4,C_2H_2,C_2H_4及其混合物,或诸如丙烯酸、硅氧烷等一些液体单体,对织物表面永久性亲水、防油和防污改性方面发挥着重要的作用。     

Measurement on the structural,morphological, electrical and optical properties of PANI-CSA nanofilms

Camphorsulfonic acid doped polyaniline (PANI-CSA) prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization is spin coated on glass plates with four different PANI:CSA weight ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:4 and 1:8) and measurements on the structural and optical properties are done. Thickness of the films measured <100 nm are termed as nanofilms. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated the presence of dopant and an increase in degree of polymerization with increase in dopant ratio. X-ray diffraction studies revealed the change of amorphous nature of the film to crystalline nature with increase in CSA dopant ratio. Scanning electron microscopy showed the change of very smooth morphology of the film to rough root-like morphology with increase in CSA dopant ratio. Hall-effect analysis showed that the increase in CSA weight ratio appreciably increases the conductivity of PANI-CSA films due to increase in carrier concentration and it also represents the semiconductivity (P-type) nature in all the films. UV–visible absorption studies reveal the broadening of absorption spectrum in visible region with maximum CSA dopant ratio (1:8). Photoluminescence spectra of PANI-CSA films excited using 300 nm, revealed that the change in intensity and position of emission peaks are due to transition of semiconducting nature of the film to conducting nature with an increase in CSA dopant ratio from 1:1 to 1:8.     

Effect of ecofriendly sealing coat against corrosion protection of steel rebars in concrete

Phosphating is one of the most important chemical conversion treatments for steel, mainly to improve corrosion resistance and paint adhesion and as an absorbing layer for waxes, oils, lacquers, etc. However, phosphate coating are crystalline and porous and need a sealing treatment after phosphating. Chromate sealing is a well known practice, and due to its toxicity, development of an ecofriendly sealing treatment is very essential. This paper focuses on the effect of zinc phosphate chemical conversion coating with the addition of nano-SiO₂ to protect the mild steel rebars against corrosion in chloride contaminated concrete. The coated surfaces were characterised by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Corrosion resistances of coated and uncoated rebars were evaluated by anodic polarisation, linear polarisation resistance, Tafel and alternating current impedance spectroscopy and cyclic polarisation technique. The results indicated that the coated rebars have considerably reduced the corrosion rate even in the presence of 3% chloride environments.     

Managing clay minerals in froth flotation—A critical review

Clay minerals are widely present in various ore deposits as gangue minerals. The processing of high-clay-content ores is becoming a significant challenge for the mining industry owing to the poor flotation performance caused by the presence of clay minerals. Different types of clay minerals are typically present in ore bodies, and they cause several detrimental effects to flotation that require different treatments. In this article, a comprehensive review of the studies on understanding and mitigating the negative effects of clay minerals in flotation is presented. It starts with a review of the classification and structures of clay minerals commonly occurring in ore deposits and their properties that determine the behavior of clay minerals in flotation. It is followed by a critical review of two main negative effects of clay minerals on flotation, the recent research findings mainly from The University of Queensland group. The first negative effect is the coating of clay minerals on the surface of valuable minerals that decreases the floatability of valuable minerals. The second negative effect is the formation of network structures in the slurry. Depending on the type and strength of the network structure, it can cause either high pulp viscosity or increased gangue entrainment, which reduces the flotation recovery and flotation product grade, respectively. In this section, the mechanisms and key factors behind each negative effect are presented and critically discussed. Then, the approaches and techniques developed to mitigate the different negative effects of clay minerals are reviewed. To conclude, future directions for a more complete understanding of mechanisms and problem solving are recommended.     

A new solvent‐free super high build epoxy coating evaluated by marine corrosion simulation apparatus

Coal tar epoxy and epoxy asphalt coating have been widely used to protect marine constructions conventionally. However, their use is being restricted for increasing environmental concerns. Therefore, solvent‐free coating, i.e., coating without volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or hazardous air pollutant has become a new focus. Meanwhile, super high build (SHB) coating, having good anti‐corrosion performance and environment‐friendly feature, has become an important area of development in heavy‐duty protection to marine constructions. Herein, we combine the virtues of solvent‐free and SHB coating to introduce a new solvent‐free SHB heavy‐duty epoxy coating with no organic solvent and extremely low VOC content. Results show that the new coating is environment‐friendly, and has excellent physical properties and anti‐corrosion performance. The SHB coating performed much better than other three widely used coatings, especially in splash zone, the most dynamic area. The new solvent‐free SHB coating provides an ideal substitute to coal tar epoxy and epoxy asphalt coating and is expected to be widely used for anti‐corrosion of steel structures in splash, tidal, and immersed zones.