Study on Jet Coflow Packing Tray

Experimental study on hydrodynamics and mass transfer efficiency of jet coflow packing tray (JCPT) was conducted in a φ285 mm column and a φ200 mm column, respectively. Compared with new vertical sieve tray which has been applied in the petrochemical industry since 1968, the JCPT has lower pressure drop, higher capacity and higher mass transfer efficiency, and seems promising in commercial application.     

Impregnation of X Zeolite with Alkaline Hydroxide During the Synthesis

Enhancement of the basic properties of the X zeolite with FAU framework has been carried out during synthesis, without further treatment such as ion-exchange or impregnation. Control of the washing stage enables retention of the optimum amount of alkaline hydroxides, which increases the basic catalytic activity of X zeolite in the alkylation of toluene. This alkaline hydroxides neither affect the FAU framework nor the silicon/aluminium molar ratio of the X zeolite. The optimum (Na + K)/Al molar ratio of the improved catalyst was 1.06 corresponding to a washing volume of 200 mL. This X zeolite presented better catalytic activity than a cesium-zeolite prepared by ion-exchange. The presence of hydroxysodalite impurity in the X zeolite increased the amount of impregnated alkaline hydroxides but not the catalytic activity. The present study shows that it is possible to increase the basic properties of the X zeolite directly in the synthesis process.     

温度和氧浓度对PX氧化的影响

根据不同温度、氧浓度下实测的PX液相催化氧化各中间组分浓度 时间关系,采用双曲型的动力学模型拟合实验数据,得到了各步反应活化能数据和速率常数与氧浓度的关系式。结果说明,PT酸氧化为4 CBA这一步的活化能最大,是整个连串反应过程的速率控制步骤;反应有一个氧浓度门槛值,在此值以上,反应速率不再明显增大,在此值以下,反应速率随氧浓度增大而增大。工业尾氧体积分数一般在4%～5%,相应的反应速率在最大速率的90%左右。     

可发泡性酚醛树脂的合成研究

考查了可发泡性酚醛树脂的合成条件,如反应时间、温度和催化剂用量等对树脂活性、物理以及酚醛泡沫塑料容重和表观品质的影响,结果表明:催化剂用量越大,树脂粘度越大,泡沫固化时间越长;反应时间介于65～95min,泡沫塑料容重和表观品质较好;用加热板测定了合成的可发泡性树脂的固化速度,并求出固化反应活化能。     

脱乙烷系统参数优化

吉化300kt/a乙烯装置脱乙烷系统采用德国Linde公司双塔双压前脱乙烷技术，自1996年开始以来，运行良好，通过工程技术人员近两年的探索实践，对其工艺参数做了较大的优化调整，取得了较好的经济效益。     

CaO对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃晶化过程活化能的影响

CaO对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系统微晶玻璃的烧结及析晶性能有较大影响,从而影响了微晶玻璃的结构及性能.本文运用DTA、烧结收缩率分别测定了CaO-A12O3-SiO2系统微晶玻璃的烧结活化能及析晶活化能,研究了这两者的变化趋势.     

Characterization of polyisoprene-clay nanocomposites prepared by solution blending

The effects of clay dispersion and the interactions between clays and polymer chains on the viscoelastic properties of polymer/clay nanocomposites are investigated using oscillatory shear rheology, X-ray diffraction (XRD), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Four different montmorillonite silicates of natural clays, plasma-treated clays, and organically modified clays (OCs) have been used in this study. For the polyisoprene (PI)/clay nanocomposites, the exfoliation of the OC dispersed in the PI matrix is confirmed with XRD and SAXS although TEM images show both exfoliated and non-exfoliated nanoclay sheets. In contrast aggregation or intercalation is obtained for the other PI/clay composites studied here. Additionally, the effective maximum volume packing fraction of OC for the exfoliated nanocomposites is determined from the overlapping of dynamic viscosity at low frequency regime, in which the effective maximum volume packing fraction is larger than the percolation threshold determined from the storage modulus of the nanocomposites.     

Energy Efficiency of Two‐Phase Mixing in a Modified Bubble Column

Energy efficiency for gas liquid mixing in a modified downflow bubble column reactor has been analyzed in this paper. Efficiencies of the different parts of the bubble column have been assessed on the basis of energy dissipation. Prediction of the energy dissipation coefficient as well as energy utilization efficiency due to gas‐liquid mixing as a function of different physical, geometric and dynamic variables of the system has been done by correlation method. The distribution of energy utilization in the different zones of the column has also been analyzed. Experiments were carried out with air‐water and air‐aqueous solutions of carboxy methyl cellulose with different concentrations.     

Conversion measurement in polyethylene/peroxide coupling system under steady shear flow

The coupling reaction of melt linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) initiated by dicumyl peroxide (DCP) in steady shear flow field was investigated. The conversion of DCP was measured by electron spin resonance (ESR) and chemical titration. An absolute method was proposed to calculate the actual conversion of DCP from rheological data. The coupling efficiency of DCP was obtained from those analyses, which was shown to increase at first, reach a maximum and then decrease in the end stage. A linear relationship between the coupling efficiency of DCP and the concentration of macroradicals was also found in the experiments.     

On the catalytic C-H activation of some silicon dioxide overlayers on thin metal film systems — An observation on the isokinetic effect

Kinetic data on the exchange reaction betwee hexane and deuterium have recently been reported by Maier and coworkers [1]. The reaction was catalysed by a series of platinum or rhodium systems, some of which had the property that the upper surface was shielded by a silica overlayer. The data are reinterpreted to indicate an isokinetic temperature of 580 K. This observation indicates that all the catalysts behave in a similar manner, which means that the exchange reaction does not require a free metal surface.