RESEARCH ON HUMAN FACTORS IN ROAD TRANSPORT

The paper attempts to list the most important fields in which research on human factors in road transport is required.

The importance of improving the efficiency of road transport is emphasized, and the figures for road casualties are quoted to demonstrate the need to study the behaviour of cyclists, motor-cyclists and pedestrians as well as motorists.

The problems on which research is required are grouped under the six headings of perception, communication of information, control of the vehicle, comfort, protection of occupants, and behaviour of drivers. Subjects regarded as of particular interest are (1) the communication of information to the driver, (2) the design of the vehicle to improve control by the driver, (3) crash injury protection for the motorist and for the motor-cyclist, and (4) the study of the driving task.     

Model test of helical angle effect on coal loading performance of shear drum

The work presented in this paper focuses on improving coal loading performance of shear drum.Employing the similarity theory,we carried out a dimensional analysis of the correlation parameters which in...     

Model experiment on anti-deformation performance of a self-supporting transmission tower in a subsidence area

A large number of high-voltage power transmission towers have recently been constructed in mining areas prone to subsidence.In order to ensure the safety of the transmission towers and the safe operati...     

承德水资源与经济社会发展关系及对策建议

结合承德市历史与现实经济发展,从水资源对人口、环境、农业、工业、地区生产总值等五方面的影响,分析其经济发展与水资源的关系,反映出水资源对当地经济社会快速发展的重要支撑作用,同时深入分析承德水资源开发利用中存在水资源紧缺、河流水体污染严重、水资源利用效率低等突出问题,从五方面提出对策建议,以期利用好水资源,为承德经济发展提供有力支撑.     

对中央部门机关政府采购开展绩效评价的几点思考

中央部门机关政府采购绩效评价,应该以党和国家关于缋效管理和政府采购的一系列重要文件为指导,针对政府采购工作全过程,以绩效目标为牵引,以绩效指标和评价标准为重点,以完善的评价组织方法为推动力,贴近实际、注重实效,按照事前、事中、事后三个阶段,客观评定中央部门机关政府采购工作投入产出比,以及工作的效益和效率情况,为政府采购工作的开展提供借鉴.     

Process control and risky decision-making: moderation by general mental ability and need for cognition

Human factors and ergonomics research could benefit from focusing more strongly on individual differences – especially trait variables. The present study suggests the analysis of moderator effects as a promising way to enhance understanding of trait variables and process control performance. Process control performance was studied by analysing moderator effects of general mental ability (GMA) and need for cognition (NC) on risky decision-making (RDM) and performance. Fifty engineering students were trained on a process control task using a computer-based simulation for three hours and tested twice thereafter. Risky decision-making was measured using a computerised gambling task while GMA and NC were assessed with questionnaires. Risky decision-making in interaction with each GMA and NC explained variance in performance over and above variance explained by the single effects. In conclusion, the analysis of moderator effects between individual difference variables and process control performance seems promising.

Practitioner Summary: Individual difference variables affect learning and performance, but have often not been studied to any great extent in human factors research. This article suggests a promising approach to studying individual differences – moderator analyses – and illustrates how such differences can lead to a better understanding of what determines process control performance.     

Research on the recognition algorithm of Turbo codes on trellis termination

For the blind recognition of Turbo codes in information interception, the recognition algorithm of turbo codes on trellis termination fall into following two parts. In coding structure recognition, turbo codes on trellis termination is defined as linear block codes, so the blind recognition of code length and start is achieved by analyzing the rank of codes matrix with a different number of columns and a different start; In encoder parameter recognition, by comparing the sequence matrix's column vector before and after interleaving and determining the decision threshold, the influence of error codes whose number is lower than the decision threshold is removed, and consequently, the problem of poor fault-tolerant performance in the traditional interleaving mode recognition method is solved. Simulation shows that the correct percentage of recognition is higher than 80％ at 10^-3 BER, and confirms the validity and reliability of the algorithm.     

Physiotherapists in ergonomics

Recently, physiotherapy students in Denmark have been spending part of their hospital training period in a factory environment, studying working postures and work methods. It is concluded that physiotherapists so trained can provide patients with a better service and treatment through their improved knowledge of the causes of illness.     

The "hidden observer" phenomenon in hypnosis: Some additional findings.

23 highly hypnotizable undergraduates (Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility) underwent 2 specially constructed 7-item hypnotic inductions. Over the 14 items, the main finding was of a relationship between E. R. Hilgard's (1973, 1977, 1979) "hidden observer" effect and 2 aspects of hypnotic age regression. Ss reporting a hidden observer experienced duality during regression to age 5, in which they were aware of being both adult and child. When asked to write a complex sentence, most did so, usually without spelling errors. The Ss not reporting this effect experienced quasi-lateral age regression in which they had the exclusive feeling of being 5 yrs old, with no sense of an adult identity. Most of these Ss were unable to write the same complex sentence when requested to during age regression. The study replicated Hilgard's finding of the hidden observer phenomenon in terms of its incidence and obtained similar verbal reports from Ss experiencing it. At the same time, the results suggest that a neodissociation account of hypnosis may need some modifications to accommodate these additional findings. (27 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)