The Case of Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Oil Pipeline System: A Review

Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (BTC) Main Export Oil Pipeline Project (MEP) is one of the very good demonstrations of how governments could come together for the same purpose and could promote the realization of the specific project. The BTC project, being the first leg of the East-West Energy Corridor and once treated as a “dream project” by some group of experts, has now almost turned in to a physical entity. Until now, detailed project studies confirmed the project is well within its previously estimated budget of 1.427 billion USD for the Turkish section of the pipeline. The next phase will be the Land Acquisition and Construction Phase, which will take 32 months onwards. BTC-MEP has a maximum capacity of 50 million tons/year (1 million barrels/year) and a total length of 1,743 km.     

Financial and environmental incentives: Impact on the potential of BIG-CC technology at the sugar-cane industry

Brazilian sugar-cane industry has potential to produce 2–4 GW of power at competitive basis and up to 2–3 times more if financial and environmental incentives are given. About 2.0 GW can be add to the basic potential considering a carbon offset cost lower than 30 $/t C. Some of the instruments that can be used to deploy this potential are tax credits, loans, project loans guarantees, the creation of green markets and external costs evaluation. Biomass Integrated Gasifier-Combined Cycles (BIG-CC) is the technology considered within the analysis presented in this paper. The results are based on simulations considering cogeneration operation mode during the harvest season and power plant mode otherwise. The potential was calculated considering the Brazilian sugar-cane production during 1995–1996 harvest season (240 million tons).     

浅析环境检测分析中实验室质控的方式和手段

近年来,对环境监测数据的要求越来越高,监测数据涉及环境状况评价、行政执法等,在此条件下其意义更加凸显。当前,实验室质控是多手段、多渠道的,实验室工作人员通过各种质控手段确保数据的准确及可靠,并在实验室内实施全面的质量控制,使监测数据成为有力的支撑。化学实验室要用合适的方法进行检测和校准,需开展实验室验证工作。本文结合日常工作中的质控手段,就优化实验室质控进行探究,并结合影响因素提出相关策略分析。     

测绘技术在资源环境及城乡规划中的应用

立足于数字化测绘技术在资源环境及城乡规划中的应用现状,结合中国资源、环境对测绘技术的新要求,充分阐释数字化测绘技术的优越性,并发现其存在的诸多问题,希望可以更好地推动数字化测绘技术的发展,以促进中国资源环境与城市规划的进程.     

基于ZigBee的风光互补发电监测系统无线传感器的研究1009-914X

针对气象环境对风光互补发电系统影响重大及传统传感器测量物理量单一等原因,提出了一种基于ZigBee的无线传感器网络的设计方案。该传感器集风速、风向、光照强度、温度、湿度为一体,网络容量大、功耗低、易于扩充并且支持自组网。根据监测系统的技术要求,设计了无线传感器结构和硬件电路,井给出了软件流程。     

The Treatment of Weathered Crude Oil in Kuwait

During the Gulf War about 740 oil wells were blown up by the Iraqi forces, and the unburnt oil flooded from these wells to form oil lakes. This resulted in one of the largest oil slicks in the world, causing serious damage to the marine life in the Gulf region. The oil which is exposed to atmospheric weather over a period is called 'weathered crude oil feed stock', and it is important to treat this oil not only from the economical point of view but also to consider the environmental pollution which is created. The Government of Kuwait, represented by Kuwait Oil Company (KOC) has made its best attempts to treat this oil, and most of the oil lakes have now been cleared. The objective of this study is to report and evaluate different treatment methods and measures to control and manage these oil lakes.     

谈城市住区开发环境建设问题

社会的发展和经济水平的提高,使未来居住模式发生变化,也将对住区建设提出新的要求。针对当前人们对居住环境质量提高的迫切需要,本文通过对城市住区环境设计现存问题的探讨,提出了城市住区环境设计和建设的策略,希望我国城市住区的建设能满足人民日益增长的居住需求。     

现役飞机结构腐蚀疲劳及寿命研究

文章分析研究了在环境腐蚀介质中飞机的疲劳损伤特性和基本破坏失效模式,阐述了现役军用飞机地面停放使用环境谱的编制以及在腐蚀环境条件下飞机腐蚀疲劳寿命的估算方法,并对未来几年我军飞机结构的腐蚀疲劳研究的发展提出了一些看法。     

深冷常压液氨储存系统的环境影响

深冷、平底、常压液氨储罐是目前大型氨厂、港口吞吐储存的最佳方法,也是极安全的设施,该文叙述这种液氨储罐设施系统的运行工艺概况,储罐维护保养,以及如何放空、事故或泄漏等原因所致的环境影响降至最低的措施。     

ON‐LINE MONITORING OF POLLUTION CONCENTRATIONS WITH AUTOREGRESSIVE MOVING AVERAGE TIME SERIES

The concentration of aerosol particles, largely caused by traffic volume and often enhanced during temperature inversion episodes in the cold season, can be a concern for human health in the urban environment. This particulate matter is typically recorded as PM₁₀, the total mass of particles below 10 μm in diameter. It is suspected that, within the PM₁₀ class, ultrafine particles ( < 100 nm) may be responsible for causing respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Because of their low mass, ultrafine particles are hard to detect, and researchers try to utilize PM₁₀ in combination with nitrogen oxides NO_x and other trace gases to monitor their dynamic evolution. To meet pollution standards set by national government and European Union regulation, the city of Klagenfurt, Austria, began using calcium magnesium acetate as a deicer on 11 January 2012, hoping to literally glue pollutants to the ground and thereby reducing pollution concentrations. With the statistical methodology developed in this article, the dynamic evolution of PM₁₀ and NO_x is traced for the time period starting 4 January and ending 25 January 2012, and a change in dynamics is found. The findings are based on on‐line monitoring procedures that sequentially detect structural breaks in the mean and the parameter values of an autoregressive moving average process. These are defined in terms of model residuals and one‐step ahead predictors. Theoretical properties are studied, and a simulation study shows that the proposed procedures work well in finite samples.