The effects of achromatic and chromatic color schemes on participants' task performance in and appraisals of an office environment

This study explores the effects of chroma on participants' performance and environmental appraisal of an office. The research was conducted in a full‐scale experimental room designed as a private office where achromatic and chromatic color schemes with coequal values were applied. Sixty participants were assigned tasks and given a questionnaire to appraise the spatial color schemes. The findings show that chroma significantly affects performance and space appraisal. In terms of accuracy and time spent performance scores measured significantly better in the room with the chromatic scheme than those in the room with the achromatic scheme. The office with the chromatic scheme was found to be more pleasant, attractive, satisfying and dynamic than the one with the achromatic scheme, whereas the achromatic scheme was thought to be more formal and harmonious. Categorization of pleasantness, harmony, dynamism and spaciousness by factor analysis also showed differences between the achromatic and chromatic schemes. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2012     

天钢集团有限公司实施ISO14000系列标准设想

论述了天钢集团有限公司建立实施ISO14000环境管理体系的必要性及建立ISO14000环境体系需做的工作。     

Traceability as a means to investigate supply chain sustainability: the real case of a leather shoe supply chain

In recent years, the growing attention to environmental challenges has shown that these issues are becoming of more and more interest to both research and industry. Companies are expected to ensure their products are fully traceable and more sustainable, which requires the involvement of all of the actors in the production network. According to this aim, this study proposes a structured approach that uses the traditional traceability concept as a means to identify the main information needed to assess environmental impacts along the whole supply chain (SC). The proposed approach is composed of four main steps: (i) SC modelling to identify all stakeholders and their inter-relations, (ii) data sharing to collect all relevant data, (iii) data elaboration to calculate performance at different levels of detail and (iv) result interpretation to optimise the SC. The distributed implementation of the approach at different SC steps represents a useful means to practically realise a sustainable SC management. A case study involving a leather shoe SC is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach in identifying criticalities, supporting the selection of the most appropriate suppliers and correctly setting a management strategy towards the optimisation of internal and external traceability and environmental sustainability performances.     

剪影——重庆龙头寺公园生态厕所设计

生态厕所是通过一定的现代科技手段的应用,能够有利于改变或减少传统公厕所排放物对周围环境的污染;能够有利于改变或减少传统公厕对清理、消除排放物而必须付出的对自然生态物质的消耗;能够对排放物进行回收利用处理的生态化;能够使设计具有人性化,在外型设计上注重与周围景观的谐调,成为景观中有机的组成部分。[1]     

Effects of a sheet metal stamping lubricant on static strength of adhesive-bonded aluminum alloys

Stamping lubricant is often applied to sheet metal surface to improve the formability. In this study, the effect of stamping lubricant on the strength of adhesive-bonded 1.0-mm-thick bare aluminum (Novelis X610-T4PD) and 0.9-mm-thick bare aluminum (Novelis X626-T4P) joints was investigated. It was found that while a proper amount of lubricant (~2.21 g/m², 1.5?μL lubricant on the 25?×?25 mm coupon) applied on the surface of the substrate had little effect on the joint strength, levels more than 2.21 g/m² lubricant significantly decreased the joint strength. When the lubricant amount exceeds the adhesive’s compatibility with the lubricant, the negative effects of pores from lubricant evaporation during curing on the strength overrides the positive effect of increased adhesion energy. Furthermore, the presence of 2.21 g/m² lubricant minimized the reduction of the strength of the joints pre-exposed to neutral salt spray (i.e. a concentration of 50?±?5 g/L sodium chloride solution). Careful analyses of the results indicated that corrosion of aluminum substrate surfaces of the pre-exposed joints led to the degradation in bond adhesion between the adhesive and substrates, and consequently resulted in the decrease of the joint strength. The hydrophobic lubricant protected the aluminum substrate from electrochemical reaction by damage of the bond adhesion between the adhesive and substrates leading to the lubricated joints having better corrosion resistance than the unlubricated joints.     

Motivating Latino caregivers of children with asthma to quit smoking: A randomized trial.

Objective: Secondhand smoke exposure is associated with asthma onset and exacerbation. Latino children have higher rates of asthma morbidity than other groups. The current study compared the effectiveness of a newly developed smoking cessation treatment with existing clinical guidelines for smoking cessation. Method: Latino caregivers who smoked (N = 133; 72.9% female; mean age = 36.8 years) and had a child with asthma were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 2 smoking cessation counseling interventions during a home-based asthma program: (a) behavioral action model (BAM; modeled on clinical guidelines for smoking cessation) or (b) precaution adoption model (PAM; feedback on the caregiver’s carbon monoxide level and child’s secondhand smoke exposure using Motivational Interviewing). Counseling was delivered by a bilingual Latina health educator, and the content was tailored to Latino values and culture. It was not necessary for smokers to want to quit smoking to participate. Smoking cessation was biochemically verified and secondhand smoke exposure was objectively measured through passive nicotine monitors. Results: Intent-to-treat analyses showed that 20.5% of participants in the PAM condition and 9.1% of those in the BAM condition were continuously abstinent at 2 months posttreatment (OR = 2.54; 95% CI = 0.91–7.10), whereas 19.1% of participants in the PAM condition and 12.3% of those in BAM condition were continuously abstinent at 3 months posttreatment (OR = 1.68; 95% CI = 0.64–4.37). Secondhand smoke exposure decreased only in the BAM condition (p p     

环境中金属镉的电化学传感器测定方法研究

由于金属镉的毒性给环境造成严重影响，所以迫切需要建立一种便宜、快速，用于测定低含量镉离子的检测方法。对于环境中金属镉的测定前人已研究出许多方法，其中电化学方法以其简易快捷、廉价、测量装置能小型化、灵敏度高、适合现场采样测量等优点为人们所推崇。综述了近十年以来一系列用于环境中金属镉测定的电化学传感器测定方法，并且讨论了各种电化学传感器对于环境中金属镉测定应用的优缺点，集中比较了各种方法相对应的检测限。     

PTA装置中化学品对环境影响探讨

通过对PTA装置的危险化学品识别和毒性物料危害分析,运用化学品的持久性、生物累积性和毒性数据,对PTA装置生产异常时,主要原、辅料对环境影响风险进行梳理和分类,提出可行的控制措施来降低风险,做好人员防护。     

浅析环境侵权的精神损害赔偿

随着环境侵权事故的频繁发生及其对受害人所造成的巨大伤害,对环境侵权精神损害赔偿进行讨论也越来越有必要。本文从环境侵权和精神损害赔偿谈起,分析了环境侵权精神损害赔偿的构成要件,探讨了其与一般侵权的精神损害赔偿的差异,最后对环境侵权精神损害赔偿的相关原则进行了讨论。     

库车河阿艾阿仑——库台克力克侏罗系古气候及沉积环境分析

通过对库车河阿艾阿仑——库台克力克侏罗系地层特征的野外观察及沉积环境分析将阿艾阿伦——库台克力克侏罗系划分为下侏罗统阿合组、阳霞组,中侏罗统克孜勒努尔组、恰克马克组以及上侏罗统奇古组,喀拉扎组。该区经历了由亚热带、暖温带——亚热带半干旱、半潮湿——干旱炎热的亚热带型气候变化。根据沉积特征对沉积环境分析可推测阿合组主要为辫状河流沉积时期,阳霞组、克孜勒努尔组为主要的曲流河和辫状河发育期;恰克马克组为曲流河沉积时期;齐古组为湖泊发育期,而喀拉扎组由于变为干旱型气候而成为干旱气候条件下的湖泊沉积环境。