Type 2 diabetes-related bioactivities of coffee: Assessment of antioxidant activity,NF-κB inhibition,and stimulation of glucose uptake

Coffee consumption is correlated with a lower risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), though whether differences exist in the T2D-mitigating bioactivities of decaffeinated (RD) and regular (RR) coffee is unclear. We conducted cell-based experiments to determine whether different phenolic levels in RD and RR affect T2D-mitigating bioactivities. The total phenolic content and the chemical antioxidant activity were significantly higher in RD than RR. However, these coffees had comparable cellular antioxidant activity. Both coffees reduced activation of NF-κB, with RR being twice as strong as RD. They also both increased glucose uptake in human adipocytes by 2-fold. Of the bioactivities examined, only chemical antioxidant activity was related to total phenolic levels. The NF-κB inhibition was proportional to chlorogenic acid levels, though chlorogenic acids could not account for the full inhibitory effect of coffee. Thus, a matrix effect may exist, whereby components of coffee work together to provide bioactivities that ameliorate the T2D risk.     

Release of PAHs Through Runoff from the Gwangan Bridge to the Coast in Busan,Korea

This study was carried out from the Gwangan Bridge in Busan, Korea in order to examine the characteristics and the amount of PAHs in runoff from Gwangan Bridge, and the consequential PAH burdens in the ocean. The runoff samples were collected in particulate and dissolved phase, and the ambient air samples were collected in particulate and gaseous phase. In this study, 20 samples were collected from 10 different sites. The concentrations of 16 PAHs, in particulate road surface samples, ranged from 76.71 to 170.98 ng/g, and the dissolved road surface runoff samples ranged from 23.31 to 72.9 ng/L. In ambient air, the PAHs concentration in gaseous phase was higher than the samples in particulate phase. From these results, the amount of annual release of PAHs through runoff into the coast was calculated, and the Toxic Potency Equivalency Factors and Dioxin Toxic Equivalency Factors were applied. The annual release of total PAHs and the carcinogenic PAHs via runoff from Gwangan Bridge to the coast were 14.1 g/yr and 3.13 g/yr, respectively. The PAHs-_TPEQ was 0.85 g/yr and the PAH-_{dioxin TEQ} was 0.69 mg/yr.     

环境中二噁英的危害与亟待研究的问题

二噁英被称为是人类未曾遇到的最具毒性，严重威胁人类健康，能引发多种疾病的环境污染物，其存量极微，危害极大，已经引起了发达国家的普遍关注，本文在介绍二噁英性质、种类、来源等基础上指出了对生物体的毒害及毒性评价方法，分析了二噁英在大气、水、土壤、污泥、食品、人体中的污染积累，提出了今后的研究的主要问题和方向。     

纳米光纤分布式光放大的等效增益

本文在描述普通光纤光孤子传输的行为基础上,提出纳米光纤概念,重点讨论了纳米光纤量子点制备和纳米光纤的分布式光放大的等效增益形成机制以建立的全新光孤子光通信系统.     

一种在直接试验中加入辅助开断装置保护的试验线路

提出一种在直接试验回路中加装辅助开关及并联阻抗元件来防止被试品因开断失败 而引起爆炸的试验方法,并详细介绍该试验线路的工作原理和选择并联阻抗元件参数的原则以及 两种试验操作程序对试验等价性的影响。     

全尺寸独头巷道内瓦斯爆炸超压预测模型

通过对TNT当量法理论的分析,以及对全尺寸独头巷道内瓦斯爆炸超压数据的研究,建立了全尺寸独头巷道内瓦斯爆炸超压随距离衰减的预测模型,并通过3个实例对其进行了验证.验证结果表明：该预测模型的计算值和实验值吻合较好.     

Solving CSG equations for checking equivalency between two different geometric models

For two given parametric constructive solid geometry (CSG) models, the problem of determining their parameter domains in which the two models are equivalent is addressed. Here, two CSG models are equivalent if they represent the exact same region in R³, although their constituent features and feature attributes may differ. In this paper, an approach for solving the problem in a limited scope is proposed, in which a CSG model is polyhedral, its parametric form is explicit and its feature orientations are fixed. The solution includes the equivalent parameter domain for each model and parameter mapping that associates these two models on their equivalent parameter domains. One application of this research is to identify the equivalent parameter domains of two parametric part models, respectively, in the design option space and in the capability envelope set of a parametric machining process in order to facilitate the interoperation between part design and process planning through the generated parameter mapping between these two different kinds of models.     

挥发性有机化合物在复合衬里中的一维扩散解

土工膜和粘土衬里组成的复合衬里已广泛用于填埋场的防渗。有机挥发性化合物在复合衬里中迁移时,其主要的机理是分子扩散作用。本文建立了有机挥发性化合物在复合衬里中的一维扩散模型,并得到了解析解。将该解析解和以往给出的数值解法作了比较,发现两者得到的结果较为接近,从而验证了本文解的可靠性。基于本文计算模型,分析了三种常用复合衬里对挥发性有机化合物的防渗性能。研究发现对于挥发性有机化合物甲苯,土工膜和GCL组成的复合衬里的浸出液总量要比土工膜和较厚粘土衬里组成的复合衬里大好几个量级。     

±500 kV直流输电线路雷电屏蔽模拟试验研究

模拟试验是研究超/特高压输电线路绕击特性的一个重要手段,针对直流线路标称电场对线路雷电绕击特性的影响问题开展模拟试验研究,首先从模拟试验比例尺的确定、地闪先导过程近区电场的模拟和模型线路标称电场模拟三方面论证了试验的物理等价性;在计及直流电压的条件下,通过放电试验得出了±500kV输电线路G4–40型杆塔绕击空间分布;试验中观测到主放电击中导线(或避雷线)的同时,避雷线(或导线)上残存的迎面流注。依据试验现象,定性分析了标称电场对绕击特性的影响机理;对试验结果定量分析表明,计及直流电压后G4–40型杆塔正极绕击率为不考虑直流电压时的1.79倍。     

目视助航灯具光度参数测试研究

根据目视助航灯具光源特性和灯具检测存在的问题,介绍了一种基于线阵CCD的检测助航灯具出射光强分布的系统;系统以线阵CCD为光电探测元件采集出射光束各个方向的光信号,再由数据采集系统转化、实时采集并传输到上位机进行处理;通过寻找并优化相关的插值算法,对系统检测得到的数据进行数据处理,最终绘制光束的等光强曲线并求解得到出射角的范围;实验证明:通过检测系统得到的数据经算法求解后得到的结果,与测试标准进行对比,验证出该检测系统的可行性以及优化后算法的优越性,能满足测量的实际需要。