A case study in evaluating the status of consolidation of a soft soil deposit by incomplete piezocone dissipation tests using laboratory and field data

By using the piezocone penetration test (PCPT or CPTu), one can develop not only a better understanding of the soil stratification, but also an understanding of soil behavior parameters related to soil compressibility, as well as soil strength. This paper describes a case study that utilizes incomplete piezocone dissipation test to estimate status of consolidation of a soil deposit. Incomplete pore pressure dissipation record of PCPT is extrapolated on an inverse time scale (1/t method) to estimate the “in situ” pore pressure and “residual excess” pore pressure. No case study has been reported in open literature where this methodology has been utilized to estimate the status of consolidation of the soil deposit. In this paper, the 1/t method was verified using dissipation data from rigorous calibration chamber tests and field test data.     

Design of Watertight Barriers for Retention Ponds of Cyanide Using Sludge from Water Purification Station （Ziga）

In a context of sustainable development and use of eco- materials, it was examined the possibility of using sewage sludge from the water treatment plant of Ziga as an inorganic support to achieve sealing barriers that can withstand high stresses to overcome any weaknesses of the geological barrier （called passive barrier）. The station Ziga that potabilises the water from the river Nakamb6 is located 45 km north east of Ouagadougou. Some experiments on the rheology of sludge from Ziga as well as the filtration of the mixture Ziga＇s sludge and clays from Nouna, Zorgho and Ticare, three regions of Burkina Faso, were conducted. These studies demonstrated the complex hydro-mechanical behavior of Ziga＇s slurries： Newtonian fluid thixotropic threshold for solids contents less than 16.5 wt% and non-Newtonian for higher values. Sludge from the water treatment station Ziga have a hydraulic conductivity of 10^-8 m/s. The results are below regulatory requirements. However, the permeability can be reduced to achieve the value of 10^-9 m/s in particular by adding the clay from Zorgho or Nouna to mixtures of Ziga＇s sludge and neutral leachate, typically mineral water. Beside neutral leachate, two types of leachate were used. One type is composed of acid leachate and the other type is basic. It was shown that the limewater solutions cause deterioration of the seal probably due to the presence of hydroxide ions.     

Understanding phosphorus phases in sewage sludge ashes: A wet-process investigation coupled with automated mineralogy analysis

Phosphorus (P) recovery from SSA (sewage sludge ashes) is highly relevant to address future P-shortages. Efficient recycling strategies require an in-depth knowledge of P-phases present. These may be subject to changes during treatment. Treatment was simulated, initial and treated material studied using automated mineralogy. Automated mineralogy, using the MLA system, is an established tool in ore processing evaluation and adapted here to examine P-phases in SSA. Coupling SSA treatment for P-recovery routines with MLA investigations allows for documenting phase compositions during chemical and thermochemical processes. Behaviour of P-phases during treatment and type of SSA govern P-recycling capacity. Findings lend additional insight to the identification of SSA types.Two different P-recovery routines have been investigated. Target phase groups (phosphates) have successfully been digested. Understanding phosphate setup in terms of composition, particle sizes and phase association is vital for an efficient P-extraction from SSA. P-recovery is not straightforward, but rather a series of steps in order to address different P-phase types. SSA is a complex secondary resource, which needs to be understood prior to P-extraction.     

Performance and Modeling of an Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket(UASB) Reactor for Treating High Salinity Wastewater from Heavy Oil Production

In this study,an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket(UASB) reactor was applied to treat the high salinity wastewater from heavy oil production process.At a HRT of ≥24 h,the COD removal reached as high as 65.08% at an influent COD ranging from 350mg/L to 640mg/L.An average of 74.33% oil reduction was also achieved in the UASB reactor at an initial oil concentration between 112mg/L and 205mg/L.These results indicated that this heavy oil production related wastewater could be degraded efficiently in the UASB reactor.Granular sludge was formed in this reactor.In addition,two models,built on the back propagation neural network(BPNN) theory and linear regression techniques were developed for the simulation of the UASB system performance in the oily wastewater biodegradation.The average error of COD and oil removal was-0.65% and 0.84%,respectively.The results indicated that the models built on the BPNN theory were wellfitted to the detected data,and were able to simulate and predict the removal of COD and oil by the UASB reactor.     

精制卤水中含盐泥问题初探

针对精制卤水中含有盐泥的问题,从反应时间、絮凝剂添加、转料及过滤等几方面进行深入探讨,分析了盐泥可能存在的原因,并提出了切实可行的改造方案,对生产运行进行了优化,取得了很好的效果.     

对竹园第-污水处理厂污泥产率的分析

根据上海市竹园第一污水处理厂的运行数据，研究了该厂的污泥产率。结果表明竹园第一污水处理厂每万吨水产泥率的变化范围为0．38—1．44tSS／万M2；剩余污泥的表观产率系数（Lobs）和合成产率系数（y）分别为0．56和0．58kgVSS／kgBOD，均在正常范围以内；衰减系数（虬）为0．006d-1；惰性ss产泥率的变化范围为0．20～0．50tSS／万M2。     

污泥和石英砂尾矿制备建材陶粒的烧结时间研究

以城市污水处理厂的污泥与石英尾砂为主要原料,添加适当助剂如河道底泥、矿山浮选脱硫废渣,可制备建材陶粒.在原料配比m(石英尾砂)∶m(污泥)∶m(粘合剂)∶m(河道底泥)=4∶4∶3∶3、进料温度400℃、预热时间20min、焙烧温度1100℃、焙烧时间25 min的条件下,制备的陶粒强度为5.11 MPa,吸水率为11.7%,堆积密度为913kg/m3.     

污泥干化芦苇床芦苇中多环芳烃的含量分布

通过现场试验,考查了多环芳烃（PAHs）从污泥向芦苇的转移以及PAHs在芦苇各部位的分布情况。受试芦苇植于污泥干化芦苇床内,芦苇床规格3 m×1 m×1.3 m,其中高度含0.65 m填料层和0.65 m超高。试验进行了3 a,包括2 a的污泥负荷期和1 a的闲置期。2 a负荷期内共进泥8.4 m(含水率99.14%),污泥PAHs含量平均5.69 mg·kg -1。原生芦苇茎和叶中的PAHs含量相对较高,达到2.198和2.583 mg·kg -1 (DW),分别是芦苇根PAHs含量的2.44和2.87倍,且以低环PAHs为主。运行结果表明,受试芦苇对污泥中的PAHs产生了明显的富集作用。运行第2年9、10和11月取污泥干化芦苇床芦苇样品并进行检测,发现芦苇根茎叶内PAHs含量呈逐月升高趋势;第3年11月芦苇根茎叶所含PAHs总量分别为7.642、7.713、7.946 mg·kg -1 (DW),相对原生芦苇分别提高了8.50、3.52和3.08倍,且以低环PAHs为主,根茎叶低环PAHs含量占PAHs总量的55.14%、56.96%和44.59%。芦苇中PAHs的含量与植物含脂率具有显著的正相关关系,而与芦苇的含水量无关。     

微波对污水污泥脱水特性及形态影响

研究了微波加热温度和温升速率对污泥脱水特性的影响,并对微波处理后污泥的CST、粘度、沉降比、含水率、上清液COD含量、Zeta电位、形态学特征进行了测试与分析.实验结果表明,温升速率为10℃/min,加热到70～80℃时中水站污泥脱水特性较好.随温度上升,污水处理厂污泥的SV、粘度、含水率相应降低,COD含量逐渐增加;对比直接从污泥图像与据污泥颗粒的粒径分布得到分形维数与粒径,发现在不同的加热条件下污泥形态有明显变化,加热到60～80℃时脱水特性较好,70℃时含水率最低为83.12％.