高含硫气藏中元素硫沉积形态和微观分布研究

元素硫沉积是高含硫气藏开采过程中存在而又必须解决的难题之一.随着高含硫气藏储层压力不断下降,元素硫溶解度也不断下降,一旦元素硫溶解度低于元素硫含量,元素硫就会从地层中沉积下来.沉积的元素硫会堵塞地层孔隙,降低渗透率,严重影响气井产能.为了研究元素硫在地层中的沉积形态和沉积特征,利用自主设计的实验流程和实验方法,使TD5-1井高含硫气体通过岩芯,并降低压力让元素硫在岩芯中沉积下来,然后对沉积了元素硫的岩芯进行电镜扫描和能谱分析,首次得到了元素硫在岩芯中的沉积形态,即元素硫主要以膜状形式分布在岩芯孔隙壁面上.该研究结果为深入认识、掌握元素硫沉积规律以及指导高含硫气藏合理开发奠定了基础.     

立卧两用电动轮椅车的设计

在研究坐姿对身体产生的不利影响的基础上,突破传统轮椅的功能和结构,提出了一种可实现站立及仰卧姿态的电动轮椅车的设计方案,阐明了轮椅机构的工作原理,并对站立机构进行了运动分析．在UG／Motion Simulation模块中建立了轮椅虚拟样机,并进行了运动仿真,结果验证了轮椅机构的合理性．     

虚拟样机技术在门座起重机设计中的应用

分析门座起重机设计的现状,结合虚拟样机技术、参数化建模技术实现门座起重机的三维参数化建模,并应用虚拟装配技术生成整机系统的虚拟样机模型;通过对门座起重机虚拟样机的建模分析,为起重机有限元动力学分析提供精确的模型,减少设计开发成本.     

Coal Dust Explosions in a Large Scale Experimental Tube

Coal dust explosion conducted in a 200 mm diameter, 29.6 m long tube is prese nted in this paper. 40 dust dispersion system sets were used to disperse coal du st into the tube. A constant temperature hot wire anemometer was used to measure the gas velocity during the dispersion process. Kistler piezoelectric pressure sensors were used to measure the propagation of the pressure wave during the exp losion process. The overpressure of coal dust explosion in the tube was 70 kPa and the velocity of pressure wave...     

木制品真空浸蜡实验研究

主要对在真空的条件下用液蜡作浸溃液、做木块被浸溃物的真空浸溃实验过程作了详细的介绍,分别介绍实验前的准备,实验中的现象及注意事项,试验结论等。然后说明在真空条件下的浸渍质量优于常规浸渍的质量,并得到一些浸渍质量与真空度和浸渍时间的定量关系,从而给出研究高质量浸渍结果的实验方法。     

宝珠寺重力坝地震前后渗流原观特性对比分析(灾后重建专刊)

宝珠寺重力坝位于"5·12"特大地震的六大重灾区之一的四川省广元市境内,是接近震中库容最大的电站.监测数据显示地震后大坝坝体结构完整,个别坝段横缝有挤压现象;通过扬压力测值序列和扬压力折减系数的计算分析得出.大坝坝基扬压力无明显变化,只有个别测点测值有小幅波动;测值序列显示大坝渗漏量在震后明显增大,随后减小并呈现出逐步降低的趋势;从渗压等值线及矢量图分析得出震后大坝库区地下水位无明显变化,渗压空间相对稳定.在对大坝监测资料在地震前后对比分析和现场调查的基础上,分析了震后大坝渗流在发生变化的原因,对大坝防渗系统的工作状况做出了基本判断.     

公路面层脱硫石膏—粉煤灰混凝土试验研究与应用

脱硫石膏和粉煤灰按比例混合后,掺入适量改性剂复合而成一种新型活性矿物掺合料,并制备C30～C40脱硫石膏-粉煤灰混凝土,试验研究其主要技术性能。结果表明,脱硫石膏-粉煤灰按质量比例掺入30%以上,混凝土不离析、不泌水,施工和易性优于普通混凝土;力学性能满足公路面层设计要求;180d干缩率小于450×10-6、磨耗量仅为标准限值的60%左右,抗冻等级大于D300。脱硫石膏-粉煤灰混凝土成功应用于常德桃花源-花岩溪旅游公路路面试验段施工,社会经济和环保效益显著。     

牡丹江河道生态护岸研究

在注重人水和谐的今天,河道生态问题倍受关注,河道整治中采用生态护岸型式是恢复河道生态的基础。综合分析了生态护岸特点及发展趋势。分析了原有河道护坡结构对环境水利和生态水利的影响,并在吸取国内外有关城市河道整治和其他领域生态护坡经验的基础上,对牡丹江河道生态护岸的设计进行了一些思考和探讨。     

Experimental investigation and analysis on flexural performance of functionally graded composite beam crack-controlled by ultrahigh toughness cementitious composites

Based on the concept of functionally graded concrete, UHTCC (ultrahigh toughness cementitious composites) material with excellent crack-controlling ability is strategically substituted for part of the concrete, which surrounds the main longitudinal reinforcement in a reinforced concrete member. Investigations on bending behavior of such a functionally graded composite beam crack-controlled by UHTCC (abbreviated as UHTCC-FGC beam) have been carried out. After establishing a theoretical calculation model, the paper discusses the results of four-point bending experiment on long composite beams without web reinforcement, and validates the theoretical formulae through experimental results of UHTCC-FGC beams with different thicknesses of UHTCC layer. Besides improving bearing capacity and saving steel reinforcements, the results indicate that UHTCC-FGC beams can also effectively control the deformation and enhance the ductility of members. At last, the optimal thickness of UHTCC layer in UHTCC-FGC beams has been confirmed, which can not only save materials and improve mechanical performance of members, but also be very effective in preventing corrosion-induced damage and enhancing the durability of members by controlling crack width below 0.05 mm under service conditions. Supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50438010) and the Research and Application Programs of Key Technologies for Major Constructions in the South-North Water Transfer Project Construction in China (Grant No. JGZXJJ2006-13)     

Study of the influence of reaction conditions on the degree of substitution,intrinsic viscosity,and yield of oxidized cellulose acetate by factorial experimental design

A half‐fraction, two‐level, four‐factor factorial experimental design was used to study the effects of the acetic anhydride concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time, and sulfuric acid concentration on the degree of substitution, intrinsic viscosity, and yield of oxidized cellulose acetate (OCA). Oxidized cellulose containing 20% (w/w) carboxylic acid was used as the starting material. The data were fitted by multiple regression analysis with SAS software. The correlation coefficients obtained from plots of the predicted and observed values for the degree of substitution, intrinsic viscosity, and yield were 0.985, 0.993, and 0.991, respectively. Residual normal plots of the regression models showed a linear relationship. Lenth and main‐factor‐effect plots revealed an increase in the degree of substitution of OCA with an increasing concentration of acetic anhydride. The latter had no effect on the intrinsic viscosity and yield of OCA. An increase in the reaction temperature led to an increase in the degree of substitution and a decrease in the intrinsic viscosity and yield of OCA. The influence of the reaction time on the degree of substitution and intrinsic viscosity followed a trend similar to that observed with the reaction temperature, but the yield of OCA was unaffected. Increasing the concentration of sulfuric acid reduced the degree of substitution, intrinsic viscosity, and yield of OCA. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 696–705, 2005