低浓度重金属离子的富集及其对脲酶活性影响

利用树脂对水中重金属离子进行有效吸附富集,再利用富集的重金属离子对脲酶活性的抑制影响来确定金属离子的浓度。研究了在不同条件下树脂对不同重金属离子的吸附性能,采用分光光度法得到了金属离子浓度及铵离子浓度的标准曲线,同时还研究了温度、树脂质量、缓冲液、尿素、离子种类、离子浓度等对脲酶活性的抑制关系。结果表明,0.5 g树脂完全可以吸附体积为50 mL,质量浓度不大于0.7 mg/mL的重金属离子,而在一定的浓度范围内,铜离子和铅离子对脲酶有明显的抑制作用,且具有线性关系。     

环糊精及其衍生物在环境治理中的研究进展

概述了环糊精的化学、物理性质及结构特征,环糊精及其衍生物处理有机污染物和重金属离子的作用机理．通过对环糊精在环境治理中研究及应用的现状分析,总结了环糊精在环境治理方面存在的缺陷及今后研究的方向．     

钌(Ⅱ)多吡啶配合物作为DNA分子光开关研究进展(英文)

阐述八面体钌(Ⅱ)多吡啶配合物的光物理和光化学性质.当钌(Ⅱ)多吡啶配合物与DNA作用时,配合物的荧光会发生显著变化,使其能够作为DNA的敏感探针.介绍八面体多吡啶钌(Ⅱ)配合物在DNA结构探针、DNA分子光开关及DNA序列选择断裂试剂等生物无机化学领域的研究进展.评述单核及双核钌(Ⅱ)多吡啶配合物作为DNA分子光开关方面的研究前景与方法,对深入研究新型高效的DNA分子光开关提出建议和看法.     

碱浸条件下杂质离子对锌电积的影响

针对贫杂铅锌矿碱浸工艺,系统地分析电解过程杂质离子CO3^2-、SO4^2-、SiO3^2-、F^-、CL^-、S2^-对电解金属锌粉的影响．实验结果表明：CO3^2-、SO4^2-、SiO3^2-、F^-离。子对电解金属锌粉没有明显影响,Cl^-离子浓度宜控制在20g／L以下基本上满足GB／T6890—2000国家标准的锌粉三级标准,S^2-离子对电解金属锌粉影响比较显著,即使在S^2-微量的条件下金属锌粉的品质下降了近5％．     

掺铕铌酸锂晶体的M■ssbauer谱

测量了Ｅｕ：ＬｉＮｂＯ_３和（Ｅｕ，Ｍｇ）：ＬｉＮｂＯ_３的Ｍｓｓｂａｕｅｒ谱，并对数据进行了拟合。根据拟合结果和ＬｉＮｂＯ_３晶体结构的特征，讨论了Ｅｕ~（３＋）在晶格中的占位，并以Ｅｕ~（３＋）的参数为探针．讨论了Ｍｇ（２＋）在晶格中的占位。     

碱土金属掺杂对BiFeO3陶瓷多铁性的影响

为了探究碱土金属离子掺杂对BiFeO3陶瓷多铁性的影响,采用固相法成功制备了BiFeO3以及Bi0.9 A0.1 FeO3(A=Ca、Sr、Ba)陶瓷,并对其铁电、铁磁等性能进行了研究.X射线衍射结果表明:晶体均为六方钙钛矿结构,空间群为R3 c,晶胞参数随掺杂离子半径的增大呈现先增大后减小的现象.电学性能测试发现:Bi0.9 A0.1 FeO3陶瓷的铁电极化值和漏电流密度均随着掺杂离子半径的增大而增大.结合X射线光电子谱(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,XPS)铁离子价态分析表明:Bi0.9 A0.1 FeO3陶瓷铁电性会受掺杂带来的结构畸变和氧空位浓度变化的双重作用的影响.BFO、BCFO、BSFO和BBFO陶瓷的磁化强度依次增大,磁场强度为14 T时磁化强度分别为0.150、0.356、0.497和0.995 emu/g,其铁磁性随掺杂离子半径增大而增强,这与掺杂造成的结构畸变以及铁离子变价有关.     

锈蚀损伤混凝土管桩水平承载性状时变分析

为研究锈蚀损伤混凝土管桩的水平承载性状,依据Fick第二定律,建立了氯离子在混凝土管桩中的扩散方程,并结合初始和边界条件,得到扩散方程的解析解.依据厚壁圆筒模型,推导了钢筋混凝土管桩保护层锈胀开裂时的钢筋临界锈蚀深度.基于Faraday定律,对钢筋混凝土管桩保护层锈胀开裂时间进行了预测.并在此基础上,通过引入桩身抗弯刚度折减系数对海洋环境下锈蚀损伤钢筋混凝土管桩的桩身抗弯刚度的衰减规律进行了探讨,进而对海洋环境下锈蚀损伤钢筋混凝土管桩的水平承载性状的时变特性进行了分析.结果表明:海洋环境中氯离子侵蚀引起的钢筋锈蚀对钢筋混凝土管桩的水平承载性状有明显影响.随着暴露时间的延长,桩身抗弯刚度呈非线性衰减,桩身水平位移和桩身负剪力最大值逐渐增大,桩身弯矩逐渐减小.     

Selective removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions with surface functionalized silica nanoparticles by different functional groups

The industrial silica fume pretreated by nitric acid at 80 °C was re-used in this work. Then, the obtained silica nanoparticles were surface functionalized by silane coupling agents, such as（3-Mercaptopropyl） triethoxysilane（MPTES） and（3-Amincpropyl） trithoxysilane（APTES）. Some further modifications were studied by chloroaceetyl choride and 1,8-Diaminoaphalene for amino modified silica. The surface functionalized silica nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared（FI-IR） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）. The prepared adsorbent of surface functionalized silica nanoparticles with differential function groups were investigated in the selective adsorption about Pb2＋, Cu2＋, Hg2＋, Cd2＋ and Zn2＋ions in aqueous solutions. The results show that the（3-Mercaptopropyl） triethoxysilane functionalized silica nanoparticles（SiO2-MPTES） play an important role in the selective adsorption of Cu2＋ and Hg2＋, the（3-Amincpropyl） trithoxysilane（APTES） functionalized silica nanoparticles（SiO2-APTES） exhibited maximum removal efficiency towards Pb2＋ and Hg2＋, the 1,8-Diaminoaphalene functionalized silica nanoparticles was excellent for removal of Hg2＋ at room temperature, respectively.     

Removal behavior and mechanism of silver from low concentration wastewater using cellulose aerogel modified by thiosemicarbazide

Due to the low concentration of silver in water, most of the cellulose adsorbents exhibited low removal efficiency, which greatly limited their practical applications. Herein, a cellulose aerogel modified by thiosemicarbamide (CAT) was fabricated for reducing and adsorbing silver ions from low concentration wastewater. The characterization results concluded that CAT owned a three-dimensional spongy structure with many circular microspheres and a better specific surface area (19.37 m² g⁻¹), as well as the functional groups of ─C═N⁺─H and ─(C═S)─N. The static batch adsorption experiments demonstrated that CAT could reached the maximum removal percentage of 94.94% and adsorption capacity of 42.12 mg g⁻¹ under the initial concentration of Ag(I) was 15 mg L⁻¹ and the pH value was 7. Meanwhile, the adsorption of Ag(I) on CAT was second-order reaction, and the Langmuir model could better fit the adsorption process. In addition, CAT exhibited wide pH values (1–9) adaptability and excellent adsorption performance for silver through electrostatic interaction, chelation, and reduction. This study probably provides a new method as well as important experimental data and theoretical reference for the removal of silver ions and other metals.