安吉蒙脱石对抗菌金属离子的吸附容量研究

研究了安吉蒙脱石对抗菌金属离子Ag 、Zn2 及Cu2 的吸附反应容量 ,发现安吉蒙脱石对抗菌金属离子的吸附等温线可用Freundlich方程加以拟合。抗菌金属离子按照其吸附容量大小的排列次序为Cu2 >Zn2 >Ag ,此次序由三种离子的水化热、离子半径及价态所决定。     

Preparation,characterization, and adsorption properties for metal ions of a novel chelating resin containing sulfoxide and diethylene glycol

A novel chelating resin containing sulfoxide and diethylene glycol, poly{4‐vinylbenzyl‐[2‐2‐(hydroxyethyl)ethoxyl]sulfoxide} (PVESO) was synthesized using chloromethylated polystyrene (PS‐Cl) as material. Its structure was characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption capacities of the resin for Hg²⁺, Ag⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Pb²⁺ at various pH values were determined. The maximum adsorption capacities for Hg²⁺ and Ag⁺ were 1.56 and 0.75 mmol g^?1 respectively. The resin had high selectivity for Hg²⁺ and Ag⁺ over the pH range 1.0–7.0. The adsorption capacities for Hg²⁺ and Ag⁺ under competitive condition were also determined by batch experiment method. In addition, the adsorption kinetics of the resin towards Hg²⁺ at different temperatures was also investigated. The results showed that the adsorption rate was governed by film diffusion at 20°C and 25°C, by particle diffusion at 30°C and 35°C. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 6054–6059, 2006     

新型合成聚合物重金属离子吸附剂及其吸附性能

阐述了新型聚合物重金属离子吸附剂的合成与改性及其对水溶液中Cd(Ⅱ)、Pb(Ⅱ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Hg(Ⅱ)等重金属离子的吸附性能。这些聚合物重金属离子吸附剂对低浓度的重金属离子表现出了较好的吸附能力，其中聚合物吸附剂PGHyFeO—COOH对mg／L级的Pb(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Hg(Ⅱ)的最大吸附量分别为211．4mg／g、155．0mg／g、147．2mg／g。这些吸附剂的吸附速度也较快，平衡吸附时间一般在60min左右，有的甚至只有几分钟。新型聚合物重金属离子吸附剂在水处理工业中具有广阔的应用前景。     

Kinetics of the peracetic acid decomposition: Part II: pH effect and alkaline hydrolysis

The effect of pH on the decomposition of peracetic acid in an aqueous solution was studied. It was found that three potential reactions, namely i) the spontaneous decomposition, ii) the hydrolysis and iii) the transition metal catalysed decomposition, are responsible for the consumption of peracetic acid. The spontaneous decomposition reaches its maximum at pH 8.2, while both the hydrolysis and metal ion catalysed decomposition increase as the pH increases. At pH 10.5 and higher, the hydrolysis becomes dominant when the metal ion catalysed decomposition is minimized by the addition of DTMPA. The kinetics of the peracetic acid hydrolysis was developed, which can very well predict the development of peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide during the decomposition reaction.     

炼厂外排污水回用于循环冷却水腐蚀影响因素初探

从单因素、多因素和复杂水系考察了炼厂外排污水回用于循环冷却水腐蚀的影响因素，结果表明，碳钢腐蚀的主要影响因素取决于离子特性、氧化膜的形成和溶解氧的扩散等综合协同作用，其中以离子特性的,影响为最大（如：Cl^-、Ca^2 、CO3^2-的腐蚀性较强）。碳钢腐蚀反应又可由以上三种主要影响因素分为三个反应控制区，而当电导率在0．1－2．0mS/cm范围时，其水质属于腐蚀危险高发区。从而也进一步说明水质的低电导率处理，其防腐效果并不理想，相反在高电导率情况下却表现出相对较好的低腐蚀性能。     

Ethanol vapor deactivation of gossypol in cottonseed meal

Most cottonseed cultivars contain gossypol, a polyphenolic antinutritional compound. “Free” gossypol is a physiologically active form of gossypol, which is toxic to young- and nonruminant animals. To utilize solvent-extracted cottonseed meal as a general feed, gossypol must be either removed or deactivated to a minimum level specified for each class of animal. Normally, deactivation is carried out prior to oil extraction; however, the desired level of deactivation is not always attained. A new supplemental method of deactivation has been found by using either ethanol or isopropanol vapors on solventextracted meal. In a bench-top set-up, ethanol vapor reduced free gossypol from 0.115 to 0.053%, and a further reduction to 0.026% has been observed with the addition of ferrous sulfate. The supplemental deactivation method can, in most cases, reduce free gossypol to significantly safer levels for feeding, thus increasing utility, and possibly demand, for cottonseed meal as a general animal feed protein source. Presented in part at the AOCS Annual Meeting, Atlanta, GA, May 8–12, 1994.     

新型GeSe2-Ga2Se3-KI系统硫卤玻璃形成的研究

开发了有高含量碱金属离子的新型硫化物玻璃.合成了GeSe2-Ga2Se3-KI系统的玻璃样品.研究了该系统的玻璃形成区并用孤对电子理论进行了解释.讨论了Ga2Se3和KI对玻璃形成能力的影响.给出了该系统玻璃的密度、特性温度、Raman和可见一红外光谱等.实验结果表明:该系统具有较广的玻璃形成区,某些组成,如摩尔组成为50 GeSe2 25Ga2Se3 25KI的样品具有良好的热学和光学性质,其表征热稳定性的特征温度差大于120K,玻璃透光范围从590nm到14.2μm.     

Electrochemical Behaviour of Al, Al—In and Al–Ga–In Alloys in Chloride Solutions Containing Zinc Ions

The electrochemical behaviour of Al, Al—In and Al–Ga–In alloys in 0.6 m NaCl solutions with and without Zn²⁺ was investigated. The study was performed by means of open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization, potentiostatic current-time and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements as well as by SEM-EDAX examination. It was found that the Al—In alloy exhibits the highest negative open circuit potential in 0.6 m NaCl and the corrosion resistance of the tested electrodes decreases in the following order: Al > Al–Ga–In > Al—In. The greater activity of the Al—In alloy was interpreted on the basis of the autocatalytic attack by indium. The potentiostatic current–time measurements in Zn²⁺ containing electrolyte at potentials above the pitting potential revealed that Zn²⁺ has an insignificant influence on the Al electrode, while it enhances the corrosion of the Al–Ga–In alloy and improves the attack morphology of the Al—In alloy. Furthermore, the impedance spectra recorded under open circuit conditions showed a decrease in the polarization resistance of Al—In and Al–Ga–In alloys in presence of Zn²⁺ indicating the activating effect of Zn²⁺ ions.     

含氯离子废水化学需氧量分析方法比较

含氯离子废水化学需氧量的分析方法的研究是当前环境监测研究的热点之一，各种文献报道也较多，但各自使用的效果不一。采用试验的方法对含氯离子废水中CODCr的分析进行了初步研究，比较了硫酸汞加入法、稀释法、硝酸银滴定法、氯气校正法、氯离子校正法等方法在不同化学需氧量不同氯离子浓度下的分析结果，利用分析结果与配置的标准溶液浓度相比较，分析了各种方法的优缺点，结果表明硝酸银滴定法是比较理想的适应范围较广的方法。     

活性染料染色废水的日光脱色降解

在太阳光照射条件下，使用铁(Ⅲ)-草酸盐络合物／H2O2对存在于水中三种中温型活性染料进行光催化降解研究，重点考察了太阳光的强度和活性染料的浓度对脱色降解反应的影响结果表明：太阳光的强度低于50001ux，染料的脱色率低于40％；在高于400001ux、照射60分钟脱色率高于98％，在高于900001ux时，照射10分钟，可使活性蓝MS脱色率接近100%，太阳光的强度越高，溶液中的染料浓度越低。