钠冷快堆中喷雾钠火的计算分析

根据钠冷快堆中喷雾钠火的特点建立了理论模型，编制了SSPRAY程序。该程序模拟钠喷雾燃料过程中钠滴的运动、钠和氧气的燃烧反应、热量传递和质量传递等瞬态过程。用该程序计算了气体和墙壁温度、气体压力、氧气摩尔份额、喷雾流燃烧速率和热量热递速率等主要参数。利用AI实验数据和美国SPRAY－3A的计算结果对程序进行了验证，结果符合较好。     

引黄五座泵站火灾自动报警及联动控制系统

介绍了引黄工程五座泵站的火灾自动报警系统的组成及功能，对泵站的火灾探测系统、报警系统、联动控制系统、灭火系统、控制台等原理进行了详细说明，供同行参考借鉴。     

暖通空调工程设计常见问题

通过对施工图审查工作进行总结，指出了暖通空调和防火防排烟设计中存在的问题及防火规范本身的一些不足。     

油罐清洗作业防火安全措施

目前大型原油储罐逐步应用自动机械清洗系统进行清罐作业,而对于容量小、沉积物较少的油罐国内仍采用人工清洗方式进行。分析了油罐人工清洗作业过程时容易引发火灾的原因,并提出相应的预防火灾措施。     

铸造企业技术改造的可行性分析

较详细地介绍了我国可行性研究报告的由来，可行性研究报告的性质以及做可行性研究报告的原因；特别阐述了大中型铸造企业建设或技术改造项目可行性研究报告所包含的十二项具体内容。     

Effect of specimen size and loading conditions on spalling of concrete

Different qualities of concrete have been fire tested using different geometries of the specimens as well as different load levels and load configurations. The main objective with the study was to examine a test methodology consisting of a full‐scale test and different small scale‐tests for determining the probability of spalling and the amount of spalling of fire exposed concrete structures. A reference specimen was defined as a one‐sided fire exposed slab with the dimensions 1800 × 1200 mm² giving an exposed area of 1500 × 1200 mm². A number of concrete qualities with different probabilities for spalling, were tested using the reference specimen. These tests showed that the reference specimens worked well giving the expected test results. Small specimens were manufactured in different shapes with the same concrete as the one used in the reference tests. These small specimens were tested either at the same time as the reference specimens in the large furnace or afterwards on a small‐scale furnace where the fire exposed surface was 450 × 360 mm². The test results clearly show the increased probability and the increased amount of spalling by using external compressive loading. The results also show that by using pre‐stress through bars or wires the load can be lost due to heating of the bars/wires which results in a decreased amount of spalling. The boundary of the specimen also affects the amount of spalling. The spalling around the edges was in all tests less than the spalling on the central parts of the exposed area. It could also be noted that the spalling did not pass completely through any of the specimens. The reason for this is probably that the water/vapour could migrate out from the unexposed surface of the specimen. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

火灾自动报警与PLC自动控制相结合在油库消防系统中的应用

为了加强对油库消防监控,更好地保护油库的消防安全,宁波镇海国家储备油库的消防监控系统尝试了火灾自动报警与PLC自动控制相结合的监控模式,并取得了良好效果,使系统监控的智能化程度大为提高,其报警及灭火控制功能更为先进。文章主要阐述了该系统的特点、结构及功能,并结合实际工程应用介绍了该系统的工作流程,为该技术在其他类似工程的应用提供了有益的借鉴。     

Temperature effects on the mass flow rate in the SBI and similar heat‐release rate test equipment

In various medium‐to‐large‐scale fire test equipments like the ISO room corner test (RC), and more recently, the single burning item test (SBI) the mass flow rate measurement of the combustion gases plays a key role in the determination of the heat‐release rate and smoke‐production rate. With the knowledge of the velocity profile and the temperature of the flow, the mass flow rate is obtained by measuring the velocity on the axis of the duct. This is done by means of a bi‐directional probe based on the pitot principle. However, due to the variation of the mean temperature and the temperature gradient in any cross section of the duct, introduced by ever changing combustion gas temperatures, the velocity nor the density profile are constant in time. This paper examines the resulting uncertainty on the mass flow rate. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Performance of a non‐load‐bearing steel stud gypsum board wall assembly: Experiments and modelling

A gypsum wall assembly was exposed to an intense real‐scale compartment fire. For the wall assembly, temperatures were measured at the exposed face, within the stud cavity, and at the unexposed face during the fire exposure. Total heat flux gauges were used to measure the temporal variation of the energy incident on the walls, and cameras, both visual and infrared, were used to image the unexposed face of the wall assembly during the fire exposure. The behaviour of the wall assembly under the fire load is discussed as are current model results for a simulation of the fire test. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.