Electroless deposition of Ni on template of halloysite and its magnetic property

Halloysite template, a ceramic substrate, is of a hollow cylindric structure, on which the fine Pd nanoparticles are uniformly formed by the reduction of palldate chloride to initiate electroless deposition. The electroless deposition of Ni is catalyzed by the Pd particles, which results in a uniform layer of Ni-P alloy on halloysite. The alloy is of a nanocrystalline structure, of which the average diameter is about 6 nm. After being heat-treated at 400 ℃, it contains both Ni and Ni12P5 crystal, meanwhile, the Ni crystal gets larger with an average size of 51.9 nm.The content of phosphorous in the Ni layer has a great influence on crystal structure. The metallized halloysite has a higher inherent coercive force, and a much lower saturation magnetization in its as-plated state, while after heattreatment, the inherent coercive force decreases drastically. These magnetic properties have great relationship with the superparamagnetism of Ni nanocrystalline and the stress anisotropy in Ni layer.     

爆炸焊接有效多方指数γ及可焊窗口

基于对爆炸焊接复板运动形态的基本假定及爆炸气体动力学方程建立冲击波方程，将爆炸气体的作用视作固壁(基板)的正反射，建立运动冲波方程，根据现有的研究成果资料及爆炸焊接理论指导工程实践中存在的问题，从而推导出有效多方指数γ的限定使用范围，为金属爆炸焊接工程应用的参数计算提供可靠依据。以铝材作复板，低碳钢作基板以此作为金属爆炸焊试件，分别使用2号岩石硝铵炸药、泰乳炸药和梯恩梯炸药，利用列契脱飞板运动公式，可以计算出复板厚度与炸药厚度的近似关系式。     

固结磨料研磨单晶蓝宝石亚表面损伤的预测

目的 为了准确预测工件亚表面损伤，合理确定材料去除量，优化固结磨料研磨单晶蓝宝石的工艺参数。方法 针对固结磨料研磨特点和单晶蓝宝石特性，采用离散元模拟技术，建立单晶蓝宝石材料的离散元模型，仿真固结磨料对材料研磨的动态过程，分析载荷作用下材料单元颗粒间裂纹的产生和扩展规律，研究磨粒切入深度对亚表面损伤的影响，预测固结磨料研磨单晶蓝宝石亚表面裂纹的数量和深度，并借助化学腐蚀法验证预测结果。结果 采用粒度分别为W14、W28、W50、W65的金刚石固结磨料垫，其对应的研磨单晶蓝宝石亚表面损伤层深度预测值分别为3.75、5.28、7.62、10.92 μm，预测的裂纹数量分别为199、236、526、981条，对应的实验实测值分别为3.79、5.88、8.76、11.44 μm。固结磨料垫中的磨料粒径越大，单晶蓝宝石亚表面损伤层的深度越大，裂纹数量越密集。对比发现腐蚀实验的实测值和理论预测值基本一致，验证了预测结果模型的正确性。结论 采用离散元法可以快速有效地预测固结磨料研磨单晶蓝宝石亚表面损伤层的裂纹数量和深度，为研磨工艺参数的优化和后续抛光工艺参数的制定提供指导。     

基于图像处理的汽车安全气囊外形边缘检测装置研究

针对使用千分表检测汽车安全气囊外形边缘检测点数有限、检测速度慢、同一夹具检测品种单一的缺点,研究了一种基于图像处理的气囊外形边缘检测方法。经过图像采集、处理及与模板对比,给出检测结果。检测装置硬件由计算机、CCD相机、经图像采集器、环形灯及检测台架组成。检测装置软件由两部分组成,图像处理软件采用VC语言编程实现,人机接口显示用VB语言实现。实验结果表明该检测方法可行有效。该方法丰富了检测信息,提高了检测速度。通过软件更换模板,可实现不同种类气囊边缘检测。     

基于兼容性网格分割的骨骼参数计算

为了解决骨骼参数难以测量的问题,提出一种利用网格分割结果计算参数的方法.首先对骨骼网格模型在提取少量特征点的基础上进行语义分割;然后将分割得到的模板借助基于Laplacian变形的非刚性配准,指导同类骨骼模型实现快速兼容性分割;最后结合网格分割结果及特征点计算出骨骼的主要形态参数.实验结果表明,该方法仅需少量的用户交互就能获得较好的测量效果,结合模板的策略也支持大批量骨骼模型的参数测定.     

联合模板先验概率和稀疏表示的目标跟踪

目的 虽然基于稀疏表示的目标跟踪方法表现出了良好的跟踪效果,但仍然无法彻底解决噪声、旋转、遮挡、运动模糊、光照和姿态变化等复杂背景下的目标跟踪问题。针对遮挡、旋转、姿态变化和运动模糊问题,提出一种在粒子滤波框架内,基于稀疏表示和先验概率相结合的目标跟踪方法。方法 通过先验概率衡量目标模板的重要性,并将其引入到正则化模型中,作为模板更新的主要依据,从而获得一种新的候选目标稀疏表示模型。结果 在多个测试视频序列上,与多种流行算法相比,该算法可以达到更好的跟踪性能。在5个经典测试视频下的平均中心误差为6.77像素,平均跟踪成功率为97%,均优于其他算法。结论 实验结果表明,在各种含有遮挡、旋转、姿态变化和运动模糊的视频中,该算法可以稳定可靠地跟踪目标,适用于视频监控复杂场景下的目标跟踪。     

Incremental subgradient method for nonsmooth convex optimization with fixed point constraints

This paper proposes an incremental subgradient method for solving the problem of minimizing the sum of nondifferentiable, convex objective functions over the intersection of fixed point sets of nonexpansive mappings in a real Hilbert space. The proposed algorithm can work in nonsmooth optimization over constraint sets onto which projections cannot be always implemented, whereas the conventional incremental subgradient method can be applied only when a constraint set is simple in the sense that the projection onto it can be easily implemented. We first study its convergence for a constant step size. The analysis indicates that there is a possibility that the algorithm with a small constant step size approximates a solution to the problem. Next, we study its convergence for a diminishing step size and show that there exists a subsequence of the sequence generated by the algorithm which weakly converges to a solution to the problem. Moreover, we show the whole sequence generated by the algorithm with a diminishing step size strongly converges to the solution to the problem under certain assumptions. We also give examples of real applied problems which satisfy the assumptions in the convergence theorems and numerical examples to support the convergence analyses.     

基于知识工程模板的月牙肋岔管参数化设计

基于CATIA软件的知识工程技术,提出了月牙肋钢岔管的三维参数化设计方法。选取合适的定位条件,并通过建立参数关联实现用户输入参数与草图、三维模型之间的驱动关系,建立了通用的月牙肋岔管的设计模板。采用该模板可以快速确定月牙肋岔管多种设计方案,并导入有限元软件进行结构分析,获得最终设计方案。在三维模型上进行焊缝分缝设计后,借助曲面展开功能获得管节展开图,并自动生成控制点坐标表和材料表。该设计方法以建立模板为核心,整合了岔管参数化建模、有限元结构分析、焊缝分缝设计和绘制岔管展开图四大功能,满足了月牙肋岔管施工详图阶段的设计需求,在工程应用中显示了设计效率高的优点。     

On the Controllability of Nonlocal Second‐Order Impulsive Neutral Stochastic Integro‐Differential Equations with Infinite Delay

In this paper, we investigate the controllability for a class of nonlocal second‐order impulsive neutral stochastic integro‐differential equations with infinite delay in Hilbert spaces. More precisely, a set of sufficient conditions for the controllability results of nonlocal second‐order impulsive neutral stochastic integro‐differential equations with infinite delay are derived by means of the Banach fixed point theorem combined with theories of a strongly continuous cosine family of bounded linear operators. As an application, an example is provided to illustrate the obtained theory.     

基于分层光流的煤矿井下运动目标跟踪算法

针对煤矿井下视频序列高噪声、运动目标繁多、目标交错等特点,提出了一种基于分层光流法的矿井运动目标跟踪算法。首先对相邻两帧视频序列采用帧差法确定多个初始目标跟踪模版;然后采用SUSAN角点检测提取模版内的特征点;最后运用改进的分层光流法进行目标检测和跟踪,并在跟踪过程中对模版进行更新。该算法实现了煤矿井下多目标运动物体的稳定跟踪,并能解决目标部分遮挡问题。实验和仿真结果证实了该算法的有效性。