Correlation between quasi-static and dynamic crack resistance curves

The correlation between the crack resistance measured from dynamic and quasi-static J-R tests has been investigated based on test data from instrumented Charpy impact tests and quasi-static single edge notched bend (SENB) J-R tests.The method originally proposed by Aurich et al. [Analyse und Weiterentwicklung Bruchmechanischer versagenskonzepte--Lokales Risswachstum, Ermittlung des Risswiderstandsverhaltens aus der Kerbslagarbeit. BAM Forschungsbericht 192, Berlin 1993, ISBN 3-89429-329-2], to develop a correlation coefficient between the net fracture resistance of Charpy V-notch (ISO) and quasi-static compact tension tests, was extended to establish correlations between so-called ductile-brittle transition fracture resistance curves obtained from instrumented Charpy V-notched (ISO) and fatigue precracked impact tests and quasi-static SENB J-R fracture resistance tests.The correlation between the dynamic and quasi-static crack resistance with regard to practical application to fracture assessments appears to be reasonably consistent, bearing in mind the inherent scatter in crack resistance data in general. The findings of the present research project from testing of ship grade NVE 36 and pressure vessel steel to ASTM A516 Gr. 70 as well as two weldments in the NVE 36 steel, are in excellent agreement with the results of the research conducted by Aurich et al. [Analyse und Weiterentwicklung Bruchmechanischer versagenskonzepte--Lokales Risswachstum, Ermittlung des Risswiderstandsverhaltens aus der Kerbslagarbeit. BAM Forschungsbericht 192, Berlin 1993, ISBN 3-89429-329-2] for structural and pressure vessel steels to the German DIN standard steels including St 52-3, StE 355 and StE 460.     

The flame retardant mechanism of polyolefins modified with chalk and silicone elastomer

This paper presents the current understanding of the flame retardant mechanism of Casico?. The study includes the flame retardant effect of each individual component: ethylene–acrylate copolymer, chalk and silicone elastomer, as well as the formation of an intumescent structure during heating. The flame retardant properties were investigated by cone calorimetry and oxygen index tests. To obtain insight into the flame retardant mechanism, heat treatment under different conditions has also been performed. The results indicate that the flame retardant mechanism of Casico is complex and is related to a number of reactions, e.g. ester pyrolysis of acrylate groups, formation of carbon dioxide by reaction between carboxylic acid and chalk, ionomer formation and formation of an intumescent structure stabilized by a protecting char. Special emphasis is given to the formation of the intumescent structure and its molecular structure as evaluated from ¹³C MAS‐NMR and ²⁹Si MAS‐NMR, ESCA and XRD analysis. After treatment at 500°C the intumescent structure consists mainly of silicon oxides and calcium carbonate and after treatment at 1000°C the intumescent structure consists of calcium silicate, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高阻值Cd1-xZnxTe晶体的生长及其性能测试

通过适当的工艺措施，采用Bridgman法生长了直径为30mm的X射线及γ射线探测器级的Cd.9Zn0．1Te晶锭．测试结果表明：该晶锭结晶质量良好，位错密度低，成分均匀，杂质含量低，红外透过率和电阻率都十分接近本征Cd.9Zn0．1Te的值．并从晶体的生长特性、缺陷和杂质的角度，分析了生长高性能晶体的条件，研究了生长Cdl-xZnxTe晶体的x值与缺陷和杂质浓度之间的关系．     

腐蚀环境中海工混凝土抗氯离子侵蚀性

模拟我国南方沿海浪溅区和水位变动区的海工钢筋混凝土结构物的腐蚀环境，对掺入粉煤灰和矿渣的混凝土抗氯离子侵蚀性进行了试验。结果表明，在水灰比相同的条件下，加掺和料的混凝土抗氯离子侵蚀性高于普通混凝土。     

微区电阻测试方法及新测试仪研制

文章对国内外开展微区薄层电阻测试的方法进行了综述，特别对改进范德堡四探针技术方法的测试原理、测试过程与测试结果进行了论述与分析，对微区电阻测试方法的进一步发展提出了一种可操作的方法，并研制出新型四探针测试样机。     

电阻式电压传感器结构设计及误差特性研究

从路的角度分析了电阻式电压传感器的误差特性 ,从场的角度比较了几种结构方案的幅值误差、相角误差及最大场强 ,优化出最佳方案 ,并分析了该方案幅值误差的频率特性     

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料切削表面分形维数及其与抗磨损性能的关系

做为一种耐磨性能很好的材料 ,SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料切削加工表面具有分形特征。实际研究表明SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料切削加工表面分形维数与抗磨损性能有密切关系 ,本文还分析了表面分形维数越大其抗磨损性能越强的机理。     

Cryogenic temperature measurement for large applications

We have developed a resistance thermometry system for the acquisition, control and monitoring of temperature in large-scale cryogenic applications. The resistance of the sensor is converted to a voltage using a self-balancing AC bridge circuit featuring square-wave excitation currents down to 1 nA. The system is easily scalable and includes intelligent features to treat special situations such as magnet quenches different from normal operation.     

Modified Imidazoles: Degradation Inhibitors and Adhesion Promoters for Polyimide Films on Copper Substrates

Polyimide films on copper substrates that are exposed to elevated temperatures and an oxidizing environment will be subject to degradation. In order to halt this degradation without changing the properties of the system, a polymeric agent could be placed between the polyimide and the copper. This paper will investigate three such materials that will not only slow down the degradation of the polyimide and the oxidation of the copper, but will also improve adhesion within the system. Fourier transform infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (FTIR-RAS) will be used to investigate the polyimide/polymeric agent/copper system.     

Geometric features of the flame propagation process for an SI engine having dual‐ignition system

Flame front surface area and enflamed volume (the volume enclosed with flame front) is theoretically analysed for a spark‐ignition engine, having cylindrical disc‐shaped combustion chamber with two spark plugs located axisymmetrically on cylinder head, between cylinder axis and cylinder wall. Spherical flame front assumption is used. A computer code is developed based on purely geometric consideration of the flame development process in combustion chamber, and is used to investigate the effects of variations of spark plugs' locations on geometric features of the flame front. A comparison has also been made with a spark‐ignition engine having one spark plug at the same location. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.