羧酸酯稀土对聚氯乙烯的热老化稳定作用研究

用热烘法研究了羧酸酯稀土对聚氯乙烯的热老化稳定作用。利用紫外／可见光谱分析跟踪共轭双键在热老化过程中的变化，比较ＣＥＲＥＳ，有机锡及两者的复合稳定剂的热老化稳定性能，发现ＣＥＲＥＳ与有机锡的稳定性能相当，复合稳定剂具有协同效应。     

黄河淤积粉土的两种复合稳定方案与性能对比

为探索路基工程中黄河淤积粉土的稳定技术和性能保障方案,针对德州齐河县境内的黄河淤积粉土,在乳化沥青复合稳定粉土(AE稳定土)的研究基础上,采用无机/有机复合材料制备出一种复合固化剂(FG固化剂),研究了AE稳定土和FG稳定土2种稳定方案下粉土的抗压强度性质、水稳定性和抗冻融能力;结合XRD、SEM表征技术,探讨了FG固化剂的稳定机理。研究认为,FG固化剂稳定土较AE稳定土有着更高的无侧限抗压强度、回弹模量和承载能力,水稳定性良好,在抗冻融能力上有着比AE稳定土更好的效果。XRD与SEM分析表明,FG固化剂提供了活性矿物质,其复合胶凝效应和填充增强保障了粉土的抗压强度,高分子物质起到粘结颗粒界面、填塞孔隙的作用,降低了内部孔隙率;两者造成土体的最大干密度变大;与AE稳定土的稳定机理不同。FG固化剂的使用为黄河粉土的稳定和工程应用提供了参考方法。     

On the backstepping design procedure for multiple input nonlinear systems

In a recent paper, we developed a structural decomposition for multiple input multiple output nonlinear systems that are affine in control but otherwise general. In this paper, we exploit the structural properties of such a decomposition in the application of the backstepping design technique on multiple input nonlinear systems. In particular, this decomposition simplifies the conventional backstepping design and motivates new backstepping design procedures that are able to stabilize systems on which the conventional backstepping procedure is not applicable. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Robust stability and stabilization of discrete singular systems with interval time-varying delay and linear fractional uncertainty

The robust stability and robust stabilization problems for discrete singular systems with interval time-varying delay and linear fractional uncertainty are discussed. A new delay-dependent criterion is established for the nominal discrete singular delay systems to be regular, causal and stable by employing the linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach. It is shown that the newly proposed criterion can provide less conservative results than some existing ones. Then, with this criterion, the problems of robust stability and robust stabilization for uncertain discrete singular delay systems are solved, and the delay-dependent LMI conditions are obtained. Finally, numerical examples are given to illustrate the e?ectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Stabilization of impulsive hybrid systems using quantized input and output feedback

In this paper, we consider the feedback stabilization of impulsive control systems with quantized input and output signals. To study the problem, the notions of quasi‐invariant sets and attracting sets for impulsive systems with quantization are introduced first, and then applied to the control design. Hybrid quantized control schemes are proposed to stabilize the considered impulsive linear or nonlinear systems via either input or output feedback. Mathematical analysis and numerical simulations are given to show the principle and effectiveness of the proposed designs. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society     

Exponential stabilization of uncertain time‐delay linear systems with Markovian jumping parameters

This paper studies the exponential stabilization problem of uncertain time‐delay linear systems with Markovian jumping parameters. A novel delay decomposition approach is developed to derive delay‐dependent conditions under which the closed‐loop control system is mean square exponentially stable for all admissible uncertainties. It is shown that the feedback gain matrices and the decay rate can be obtained by solving coupled linear matrix inequalities. Moreover, the difficulties arising from searching for tuning parameters in the existing methods are overcome. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society     

Directions for improving manual fire suppression using a physically based computer simulation

The Swedish Fire Research Board and the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency are sponsoring a project to further the understanding of the basic mechanisms involved, as well as to support the development of standards for and to seek ways of improving the performance of portable fire suppression systems used by fire departments.This paper describes a physically based computer model developed to simulate one aspect of the problem: the manual suppression of postflashover fires. This includes: (1) an overview of the physical basis behind the model; (2) a comparison of model predictions with available experimental data, and (3) an analysis of fire suppression effectiveness using the model.The analysis concludes that, when direct access and extinguishment of the burning fuel is not possible, improved fire control occurs with water sprays having a Rosin-Rammler distribution of droplet sizes with volume-median-drop diameters in the 0.15 to 0.35 mm range. This agrees with available experimental data. It is also shown that fire fighting venting and standoff distance requirements may lead to more severe fires requiring more water for control; although venting and water spray induced air/gas flow also serve to channel hot steam and gases away from the fire fighter adding to his safety. The analysis also shows that allowing higher gas and surface temperatures at fire control through improved fire fighter protective clothing and equipment design reduces water flow rate requirements. Additional experimental work is recommended before all these conclusions are considered definitive. Reference: L. M. Pietrzak and G. A. Johanson, Directions for Improving Manual Fire Suppression Using a Physically Based Computer Simulation,Fire Technology, Vol. 22, No. 3, August, 1986, p. 184.     

X-ray spectroscopy and local structures in glasses

X-ray spectroscopy which is a combination of two techniques, namely x-ray absorption near edge structure (xanes) and extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analyses, is a unique technique for the study of local structures in glasses. Availability of synchrotron radiation sources has made the technique quite attractive and useful because the photon flux from synchrotrons is very intense and polarized. In this article, a brief summary ofxanes andEXAFS techniques is given along with a few applications to the study of local structures in glasses. Communication No. 323 from Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit.     

独立分量分析理论在海底管道漏磁检测中的应用

应用独立分量分析(ICA)方法对海底管道缺陷漏磁法检测中电磁干扰的消除进行了研究，阐述了漏磁检测和负熵法ICA快速算法的原理，应用相应的分析工具研究了试验数据。结果表明，在试验室条件下该方法能很好地分离出缺陷信号和电磁干扰信号。     

Multiple Na,K-ATPase Subunits Colocalize in the Brush Border of Mouse Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells

(1) Background: The unusual accumulation of Na,K-ATPase complexes in the brush border membrane of choroid plexus epithelial cells have intrigued researchers for decades. However, the full range of the expressed Na,K-ATPase subunits and their relation to the microvillus cytoskeleton remains unknown. (2) Methods: RT-PCR analysis, co-immunoprecipitation, native PAGE, mass spectrometry, and differential centrifugation were combined with high-resolution immunofluorescence histochemistry, proximity ligase assays, and stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy on mouse choroid plexus cells or tissues in order to resolve these issues. (3) Results: The choroid plexus epithelium expresses Na,K-ATPase subunits α1, α2, β1, β2, β3, and phospholemman. The α1, α2, β1, and β2, subunits are all localized to the brush border membrane, where they appear to form a complex. The ATPase complexes may stabilize in the brush border membrane via anchoring to microvillar actin indirectly through ankyrin-3 or directly via other co-precipitated proteins. Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) may form part of the proposed multi-protein complexes in contrast to another membrane protein, the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter 1 (NKCC1). NKCC1 expression seems necessary for full brush border membrane accumulation of the Na,K-ATPase in the choroid plexus. (4) Conclusion: A multitude of Na,K-ATPase subunits form molecular complexes in the choroid plexus brush border, which may bind to the cytoskeleton by various alternative actin binding proteins.