The influence of surfactants on the flow characterization of heavy oil

Flow characteristic of oil-in-water emulsion for heavy oil in porous media was studied. A surfactant was screened out and subsequently utilized as the emulsifier in sandpack flooding experiments with different oil-water ratio and permeability. The dual sandpack flooding experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of emulsion in porous media and the ability to enhance oil recovery. Results indicated that the selected surfactant gave a remarkable flow resistance in porous media. Higher oil-water ratio and lower permeability resulted in higher flow resistance. The surfactant increased ultimate recovery of 7.7% by diverting the fluid into low permeability sandpack.     

无碱低张力泡沫复合驱油体系室内试验研究

研究了不同种类表面活性剂复配后的泡沫性能、界面性能,筛选出了性能高效、界面张力超低的无碱高效泡沫驱油体系的配方．该体系具有抗老化能力好、耐温抗盐能力强的优点。在油藏条件下．利用物理模拟装置。研究了体系的封堵能力和驱油效果。结果表明：超低界面张力泡沫复合驱体系具有在聚合物驱后较大幅度提高原油采收率的潜力,是一种比较好三次采油新方法。     

抗氧剂1010的晶型分析

利用差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、红外光谱(IR)、粉末X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对抗氧剂1010样品进行了晶体结构分析。不同方法各有特点,分析结果应是几种方法的相互印证与归纳统一。     

Fighting the Huntington’s Disease with a G-Quadruplex-Forming Aptamer Specifically Binding to Mutant Huntingtin Protein: Biophysical Characterization,In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

A set of guanine-rich aptamers able to preferentially recognize full-length huntingtin with an expanded polyglutamine tract has been recently identified, showing high efficacy in modulating the functions of the mutated protein in a variety of cell experiments. We here report a detailed biophysical characterization of the best aptamer in the series, named MS3, proved to adopt a stable, parallel G-quadruplex structure and show high nuclease resistance in serum. Confocal microscopy experiments on HeLa and SH-SY5Y cells, as models of non-neuronal and neuronal cells, respectively, showed a rapid, dose-dependent uptake of fluorescein-labelled MS3, demonstrating its effective internalization, even in the absence of transfecting agents, with no general cytotoxicity. Then, using a well-established Drosophila melanogaster model for Huntington’s disease, which expresses the mutated form of human huntingtin, a significant improvement in the motor neuronal function in flies fed with MS3 was observed, proving the in vivo efficacy of this aptamer.     

废泡沫铝重熔再生及其泡沫化

为了将废泡沫铝重熔再生,研究了熔剂加入量、熔剂配比等因素对泡沫铝重熔回收率的影响。加入合适的熔剂,在一定温度并充分搅拌的条件下重熔。结果表明:废泡沫铝的一次回收率达到75%左右;通过对炉渣的回收处理,总回收率可达到92%以上。回收所得的铝泡沫化后,性能和原铝类似,这表明:泡沫铝是一种能够循环利用的新型材料。     

新型凝胶泡沫材料阻化性能实验研究

为研究新型凝胶泡沫对煤体阻化作用的效能与影响,基于程序升温实验,对凝胶泡沫处理前后的不同粒径煤样组进行实验,分析煤样升温过程中的耗氧速率、CO与CH₄气体体积分数及其产生率,以及凝胶泡沫对煤样的阻化率。研究结果表明：煤的粒径不同,其耗氧速率也不同,经新型凝胶泡沫处理煤样的CO、CH₄气体的体积分数及其产生率均明显低于未经处理的煤样;在100 ℃时,粒径小于0.9 mm煤样的阻化率为59.23%,粒径3~5 mm煤样的阻化率为61.69%,粒径6~10 mm煤样的阻化率为65.63%,各粒径煤样受凝胶泡沫的阻化影响顺序为大粒径> 中粒径> 小粒径;新型凝胶泡沫材料能有效延缓煤的氧化过程、抑制煤氧复合反应、延迟煤体蓄热进程,对防治煤自燃具有十分积极的作用。     

The Role of Lattice Matching Techniques in the Characterization of Polymorphic Forms

An inspection of the recent literature reveals that polymorphism is a frequently encountered phenomenon. The recognition of polymorphic forms plays a vital role in the materials sciences because such structures are characterized by different crystal packing and accordingly have different physical properties. In the pharmaceutical industry, recognition of polymorphic forms can be critical for, in certain cases, a polymorphic form of a drug may be an ineffective therapeutic agent due to its unfavorable physical properties. A check of the recent literature has revealed that in some cases new polymorphic forms are not recognized. In other instances, a supposedly new polymeric form is actually the result of an incorrect structure determination. Fortunately, lattice-matching techniques, which have proved invaluable in the identification and characterization of crystal structures, represent a powerful tool for analyzing polymorphic forms. These lattice-matching methods are based on either of two strategies: (a) the reduced cell strategy–the matching of reduced cells of the respective lattices or (b) the matrix strategy–the determination of a matrix or matrices relating the two lattices coupled with an analysis of the matrix elements. Herein, these techniques are applied to three typical cases–(a) the identification of a new polymorphic form, (b) the demonstration that a substance may not be a new polymorphic form due to missed symmetry, and (c) the evaluation of pseudo polymorphism because of a missed lattice. To identify new polymorphic forms and to prevent errors, it is recommended that these lattice matching techniques become an integral part of the editorial review process of crystallography journals.     

冰箱聚氨酯环戊烷高压发泡模塑生产成套设备的安全要点

介绍了以环戊烷为发泡剂的冰箱高压发泡模塑生产成套设备的安全设计原则和具体实施内容,重点介绍了环戊烷/多元醇预混系统、聚氨酯环戊烷高压发泡机和聚氨酯冰箱发泡模塑生产线的安全要点。     

抛光用氧化锆固体粉体的表征与制备研究

为筛选合适的氧化锆粉制备抛光液,采用固体紫外光谱、粉末衍射谱、晶体结构拟合、红外光谱、电子探针显微镜等对进口抛光液Zox-N粉体的成分及其品质进行了分析,确定了抛光粉的组成及国产锆粉制备抛光粉的工艺。结果表明,在氧化锆粉中加入0.18%的氧化铁红,混合均匀后在680～720℃煅烧24h,得到的粉体晶型与Zox-N基本一致。     

FeS2薄膜光电性能的影响因素

综述了黄铁矿(FeS2)的晶体结构、制备方法、硫化工艺、薄膜厚度及掺杂元素对FeS2薄膜光电性能的影响,指出了现阶段在FeS2薄膜光电性能研究中出现的问题,并指出了今后的发展方向。