Immunological characterisation of barley polypeptides in lager foam

Eight monoclonal antibodies (mAb) recognising barley polypeptides have been identified from a library developed to wheat prolamins. The specificity or the mAb has been determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting. Six were of broad specificity, recognising D, B, C and γ-hordeins to varying degrees by both techniques. IFRN 0610 preferentially recognised γ-hordeins by ELISA but was highly specific for this hordein group by immunoblotting. Another mAb, IFRN 0624, bound to a M_r ∽ 18000 polypeptide belonging to the CM protein (trypsin/α-amylase inhibitor) family by immunoblotting. This, or a related protein, was detected by 0624 in all hordein fractions using ELISA. These mAb, together with two others described previously and found to recognise the repeat motif of C hordein, were used in ELISA and immunoblot analysis of Octyl-Sepharose fractions of lager foam. Hordein polypeptides were found in all foam fractions, indicating that much foam protein originates from the malt. The CM-like protein was found present in a virtually unmodified form. In contrast, the repeat motif of C hordein was not detected, indicating that it had either been destroyed or masked by other beer constituents. The foam stabilising agent, propylene glycol alginate (PGA), increased the apparent hydrophobicity of hordein fragments suggesting that at least part of the activity of PGA is mediated by interactions with the hordein components of foam.     

用于大库人脸识别的脸型分类研究

提出了一种基于”分集”的人脸识别方法,该方法在人脸识别前加入脸型预分类环节,将一个大规模的人脸数据库分解为依脸型分类的若干个子库。这样做一方面可通过分集降低后续识别处理的数据量,提高人脸识别的速度,另一方面可利用脸型特征对候选人脸集合进行粗筛选,降低系统的错误接受率。为了实现脸型分类,进一步提出了一种基于人体测量学的分类方法,即首先借助AAM技术提取脸部特征点,然后在此基础上计算面型指数,并由此实现对脸型的分类。对较大规模的人脸数据库所进行的实验结果表明,所提出的方法可有效提高人脸识别系统的识别率和识别速度。     

小波不变矩的低空风切变识别

针对微下击暴流、低空急流、顺逆风以及侧风低空风切变样本图像间的形状特性关系,主要研究了小波不变矩的特征提取技术在风切变识别中的应用.首先,采用基于三次B样条的小波不变矩提取风切变图像的形状特征.然后,将提取的特征通过Fisher线性判别分析(LDA)降低维数,实现风切变有效特征的提取.最后,采用三阶近邻分类器分类识别四种低空风切变.实验结果表明,该算法与应用Hu矩和Zernike矩特征进行分类识别相比,识别结果更加稳定,且平均识别率得到了较大提高,能够有效用于风切变图像的类型识别中.     

4D Printing of Shape Memory Materials for Textiles: Mechanism,Mathematical Modeling,and Challenges

Shape memory materials (SMMs) in 3D printing (3DP) technology garnered much attention due to their ability to respond to external stimuli, which direct this technology toward an emerging area of research, “4D printing (4DP) technology.” In contrast to classical 3D printed objects, the fourth dimension, time, allows printed objects to undergo significant changes in shape, size, or color when subjected to external stimuli. Highly precise and calibrated 4D materials, which can perform together to achieve robust 4D objects, are in great demand in various fields such as military applications, space suits, robotic systems, apparel, healthcare, sports, etc. This review, for the first time, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, focuses on recent advances in SMMs (e.g., polymers, metals, etc.) based wearable smart textiles and fashion goods. This review integrates the basic overview of 3DP technology, fabrication methods, the transition of 3DP to 4DP, the chemistry behind the fundamental working principles of 4D printed objects, materials selection for smart textiles and fashion goods. The central part summarizes the effect of major external stimuli on 4D textile materials followed by the major applications. Lastly, prospects and challenges are discussed, so that future researchers can continue the progress of this technology.     

Tracking Twin Boundary Jerky Motion at Nanometer and Microsecond Scales

The jerky motion of twin boundaries in the ferromagnetic shape memory alloy Ni-Mn-Ga is studied by simultaneous measurements of stress and magnetic emissions (ME). A careful design of the experimental conditions results in an approximately linear relationship between the measured ME voltage and the nm-scale volumes exhibiting twinning transformation during microsecond-scale abrupt “avalanche” events. This study shows that the same distributions of ME avalanches, related to features of jerky twin boundary motion, are found both during and between stress drop events. Maximum likelihood analysis of statistical distributions of several variables reveals a good fit to power laws truncated by exponential functions. Interestingly, the characteristic cutoffs described by the exponential functions are in the middle of the distribution range. Further, the cutoff values can be related to the physical characteristics of the studied problem. Particularly, the cutoff of amplitudes of ME avalanches matches the value predicted by high rate magnetic pulse tests performed under much larger driving force values. This observation implies that avalanches during slow rate twin boundary motion and velocity changes observed by high rate tests represent the same behavior and can be described by the same theory.     

三维传感中衍射型结构照明光场的应用

在基于结构照明的三维传感系统中，产生结构照明的方法和装置对正确和有效的三维重建具有重要的意义。本文提出了一种新颖的产生结构照明的方法－基于衍射，特别是菲涅耳衍射原理的结构照明方法，利用角谱理论，通过分析在激光光刀照明条件下，两种不同正弦型光栅的菲涅耳衍射光场的强度分布情况，提出了基于衍射原理的结构照明的原理和方法，并且给出了适用于三维传感的结构照明方案，并通过对实物模型的三维面形测量证实，本文提出的原理和方法是正确的有效的。     

复杂光照条件下的多姿状鲁棒性人脸识别方法

为改善复杂光照条件下的多姿状鲁棒性人脸识别的效果,提出了小波变换与LBP的多姿状鲁棒性人脸识别方法.通过二维离散小波变换对人脸图像进行二级小波分解提取到低频特征信息分量,并以重构初始图像的方式实现降噪滤波处理,滤除低频光照分量后完成复杂光照补偿;继续分解复杂光照补偿后的图像,采用LBP算子对子图像的鲁棒性部分纹理特征进...     

基于多组合内容的图像识别机制

针对多组合内容图像的识别问题,提出了一种基于模糊推理融合机制的相似性距离度量算法的图像识别机制。首先,在分析现行图像识别方法的基础上,提出了薄板样条曲线TPS与模糊推理相结合的相似性距离度量机制的总体思路;其次,描述了基于形状上下文的变形图像的特征提取过程;而后讨论了薄板样条曲线TPS与模糊推理相结合的相似性距离度量机制,并将其应用在变形多组合内容图像的识别算法中。实验结果表明所提出的方法是有效的。     

基于最小截面差的相位展开

相位展开 (PhU)问题从理论上讲是一个不适定问题。根据被测物理量的整体连续性 ,提出了一种基于最小截面差的相位展开方法。理论分析和对实验条纹图的处理结果表明 ,该方法特别适合于具有相位间断大于π ,条纹欠采样及随机噪声等条纹图的相位展开。同支切 (Branchcuts)法相比 ,该方法具有算法简单、计算量小且可靠度高的特点 ,具有一定的实用性。     

颗粒在跳汰床层中分布形态的研究

在大量试验的基础上 ,对不同密度颗粒在床层中分布的基本形态进行了归纳 .分析了颗粒分布形态与正态分布的联系和区别 .用四分位模型构成了有效描述颗粒在床层中分布的模型体系 ,并验证大多数分布为非正态分布