粉末冶金异形齿轮的开发

粉末冶金异形齿轮是代步车传动机构中的一个重要结构零件,本文论述了其结构和性能特点、材料选择、生产工艺及模具设计等.通过试验,最终开发出了该高精度、高强度、形状复杂的粉末冶金齿轮.     

W-15Cu合金制备中钨骨架孔隙控制的研究

钨铜复合材料是由高温烧结钨骨架经渗铜制成的两相假合金,钨骨架中的孔隙形态和大小将直接影响材料的性能.本文分别以添加硬脂酸和诱导铜的方法对钨粉进行处理,W-15Cu骨架孔隙在压制成形过程中得到了精确控制,钨骨架经熔渗后制成W-15Cu合金.用扫描电镜观察材料的显微结构,并测出材料的密度、气密性,研究了钨粉成形性与钨铜合金密度的关系.结果表明,添加硬脂酸和诱导铜不会带入杂质,能改善钨粉的成形性能,可以获得组织均匀、致密度高的W-15Cu复合材料.     

成形压力与粉末粒径对钨铜复合材料烧结性能的影响

为进一步提高钨铜合金的致密度和简化制备工艺,研究了粉末粒度与成形压力对无压烧结制备的W-15Cu复合材料致密度的影响.发现随着球磨时间延长,钨铜粉末发生明显的细化和圆化,粉末分布更为均匀,烧结活性有较大提高,合金性能更加优异,组织结构更加良好,致密度相应提高.通过对烧结试样密度和铜含量的测定,得到不同成形压力下材料致密度和铜含量随烧结温度的变化曲线,发现随着成形压力增大,材料的烧结致密度升高,铜流失的现象得到一定的控制.     

长水口氩封保护对圆坯(φ450mm)和车轮钢质量的影响

介绍了圆坯连铸机大包长水口采用氩封保护对铸坯和车轮质量的影响。通过氩封保护可有效降低钢中氢、氧、氮气体及非金属夹杂物含量,提高钢的纯净度。铸坯中T[O]由49.28×10-6降到27.9×10-6,夹杂总量由29.7×10-6降到14.8×10-6,铸坯质量明显改善,车轮的力学性能显著提高。     

基于FPGA的横向LMS算法的实现

横向LMS算法是实现自适应数字波束形成的基本方法之一.提出了一种用Matab/Simulink中DSP Builder模块库设计算法模型,然后应用FPGA设计软件Modelsim、QuartusⅡ分析自适应滤波器时钟速度和消耗逻辑单元数的设计方法.实验表明:该方法易于实现、简单可靠.     

在线连续测量轮轨接触点的神经网络方法

尽管轮轨力测量的测力轮对技术已相对成熟,轮轨作用点位置的测量却一直很困难。作用点位置的在线连续测量对脱轨机理的研究、机车车辆性能的研究有十分重要的意义。在常规测力轮对的基础上,增加一个电桥感应作用点位置的变化。采用神经网络拟合轮轨作用力位置变化与电桥输出间复杂的非线性映射关系,用不同作用点位置下各种横、垂向力的组合来训练神经网络,从而达到由电桥输出值得到作用点位置的目的。实验结果表明,网络不仅训练精度好,而且预测能力也令人满意。     

Experimental and Numerical Failure Criteria for Sheet Metal Forming

For sheet metal forming, often the forming limit diagram (FLD) is used as failure criterion as it can be derived easily in experiments. It is based on the assumption that localization of strain in the sheet plane is responsible for crack initiation, but application of FLD is limited to linear strain paths. Hence, only forming processes with approximately the same deformation history as the experiments carried out for FLD determination should be evaluated by this criterion. Forming limit stress diagrams (FLSD) do not exhibit such strict limitations. They are based on the assumption that principal stresses in the sheet plane are responsible for crack initiation. As these stresses are usually calculated by FE analysis using elastic plastic material laws, strain hardening is considered. Two‐step forming tests as application examples prove the FLSD to be adequate for evaluation of non‐linear forming processes with alternating forming directions. Nevertheless, FLSD are derived in extensive investigations which makes them unattractive for most industrial applications. Furthermore, both FLD and FLSD do not consider the physical background of ductile crack initiation which is provoked by an interaction of local stress triaxiality and equivalent plastic strain. Hence, a reliable failure criterion should concentrate on these two parameters. The Gurson‐Tvergaard‐Needleman‐ (GTN‐) damage model can predict crack initiation during sheet metal forming. Application of the GTN model to 2 step forming tests with the bake hardening steel H220BD+Z showed good agreement to experimental results although a sensitivity of the model to mesh size and stress triaxiality is observed.     

Faster to Sound Parts by Advanced Forming Process Simulation ‐ Advanced Forming Process Model Including the Elastic Effects of the Forming Press and Tool

This article addresses process, stamping, and manufacturing engineers, as well as tool designers (prototype and series production tools), and press shop planners in the range of metal forming. The paper deals with methods of modelling and simulating the metal forming process and their application in product design, production, and forming process planning. In models usually applied major effects on the forming process are neglected. For instance, the elastic behaviour of presses and die tools is not considered in process and tool planning. Thus, reworking of tools is a consequence of this model oversimplification. The paper illustrates how interactions between forming press, die tool and metal forming processes can be modelled by enhancing conventional FE models. Several examples demonstrate the information value of the Advanced Forming Process Model (AFPM).     

轮轨噪声预测模型研究概况及新进展

综述了目前国内外轮轨噪声的预测研究的概况及新进展。     

轮对振动和噪声的分析

以轮轨表面粗糙度为激励,利用车辆-轨道多刚体耦合振动模型计算轮轨作用力.利用有限元理论建立轮对的有限元分析模型,以轮轨作用力为激励进行轮对的振动频响分析.以振动响应分析结果作为边界条件,利用边界元理论建立轮对边界元声学分析模型,对轮对振动声学特性进行了计算分析.其结果与公认的模型和软件的计算结果相比具有较好的一致性,证明本文做法的正确性.