实验数据RBF神经网络模型中噪声的处理方法

实验数据的非线性建模,是对各种仪器、设备的性能进行校正和补偿的基础.讨论了神经网络非线性建模时数据中的噪声成分造成的过拟合现象以及对模型精度的影响,针对RBF网络给出了2种提高建模精度的方法建模数据预处理法和网络参数优化法.在数据预处理方法中,根据建模样本的特点,分别采用滑动平均法和灰色模型法对原始建模数据进行修正,并分析了它们的适用场合;对于后一种方法,选择径向基函数分布宽度和学习目标进行优化.以精密平台为例进行了实验,通过对其定位误差的测量、建模和预测,证明了上述各种方法的有效性,特别是后一种方法,可以得到非常高的建模精度.     

信号交叉口机动车-电动车交通流建模及仿真

为研究城市信号交叉口电动自行车在行驶过程中侵入机动车道时对机动车交通流产生的影响,建立一个适用于机动车-电动车的异质交通流模型来描述电动车侵入机动车道的场景.新建模型在原始社会力模型的基础上,引入了间隙力、跟驰力和排斥力,更加精确地描述异质交通流的特征,利用真实数据对模型进行标定和验证.在搭建真实案例仿真平台后,分析电动车的排队数量及到达率对机动车的流量及通行速度的影响.模型标定结果显示:车流量、平均速度的eMAE、eMARE和U值均小于12%,证明新建模型能较大程度还原真实交通流特征.仿真发现当电动车排队数量大于20辆时,需要采取合适的交通组织和控制方法来减少电动车和机动车的冲突.最后提出让电动车提前2~3 s的时间行驶或提前非机动车停车线等建议来提高交叉口机动车的通行能力.     

几种不同基材动态膜生物反应器污泥层性质分析

在动态膜生物反应器（DMBR）中,膜污染的有效控制至关重要。选用4种膜基材料：聚酯无纺布、聚丙烯无纺布、聚酯筛网、聚酰胺筛网,考察膜基材料受污染程度,分析膜面污染物成分。结果表明：应用DMBR处理模拟生活污水,4种材料易受污染的程度依次为聚酰胺筛网、聚酯筛网、聚丙烯无纺布、聚酯无纺布,筛网比无纺布更易发生不可逆污染。膜面物质不可逆污染层中的胞外聚合物含量对膜污染有重要作用,其中蛋白质、多糖均与膜污染相关,蛋白质较多糖与膜污染具有更密切关系。     

Investigation on Water Model for Fluid Flow in Slab Continuous Casting Mold With Consideration of Solidified Process

This study aims to propose suitable simulation methods, which enable to reduce the major differences between water model and real caster, such as the gradually decreased flow space, flow mass in the casting direction, and the momentum decay in the mushy zone. With consideration of solidified process, the method is concerned with the change of flow space and flow mass at the casting direction in water model. The level fluctuations, stimulus–response curves, velocities of liquid surface, and distributions of liquid slag have been changed in the water model to study the differences of flow character and the variation of fluid flow in molds. The mold with a solidified shell leads to significant differences in flow behaviors, such as higher level fluctuations, higher surface velocities, and worse liquid slag distributions. Neglecting the solidified shell causes unrealistic lower surface velocities and level fluctuations in water model. The mold with consideration of flow mass balance has higher level fluctuations and surface velocities than the mold without shell, and has lower level fluctuations and surface velocities than that of mold with a shell. The results indicate that it is necessary for water model to take the solidified process into account to acquire more accurate and reliable experiment results, especially for thinner slab.     

提高无机超滤膜运行效率的措施研究

针对冷轧废水采用无机超滤膜处理工艺运行中存在的问题,从工艺、膜清洗等方面进行分析、探索,总结了提高无机超滤膜处理能力的措施。     

基于三维激光扫描的复杂空区点云处理技术研究

根据矿山地下空区激光扫描方面的工程运用,结合Geomagic、3DMINE等软件,针对空区测量及后期点云数据处理中的各种问题,总结了空区扫描的操作处理方法,制定了针对复杂空区现场测量的方案,并且提出了一套比较简洁、高效的点云后期处理与三维建模流程;应用于福建源鑫矿业空区扫描的现场,较好地取得了现场复杂空区的测量数据,把大量点云数据进行简化优化,建立了空区巷道一体化的三维模型,探明了采空区位置、形态及分布情况,为后期空区剩余矿柱的回采及采空区的综合治理提供直观有效的支撑;研究结果对于类似空区处理有很好的借鉴作用.     

基于一体化模型软件的汽轮机转子热应力在线计算模型

由能量平衡法导出了汽轮机转子二维温度场及热应力在线计算公式。在一体化模型软件的仿真系统支撑下,结合工程模块化的建模思想,建立了汽轮机转子二维温度场及热应力在线计算模型。通过仿真试验与同条件下的有限元结果作了对比,结果表明:所建模型计算精度高,计算速度快。模型模块化的结构设计,方便了不同型号汽轮机转子几何尺寸的修改,且网格划分灵活,同时该模型还可用于其他具有类似边界条件轴对称体结构的热状态分析。     

三维复杂曲面的手绘生成方法

为便于用户在概念设计时快速进行三维形状设计,将变分隐式曲面表示与手绘草图相结合,提出一种三维复杂曲面的交互生成方法.该方法分别采用膨胀变换、曲线交叉变换和弯曲变换,将轮廓、截面和骨架等3种交互笔画扩展生成三维约束点,支持用户以手绘草图方式来控制生成三维曲面的形状;通过对变分隐式曲面函数的局部化来实现曲面混合,保证三维复杂曲面交互生成的实时性.实验结果表明:文中方法能生成多种不同形状的三维复杂曲面,可有效地支持三维复杂形状的"分而治之"构造过程.     

计算机网络安全性分析建模研究

计算机与互联网的结合,通过遵循共通的TCP/IP通信协议实现了全世界互联。针对脉冲编码调制技术中传输数据信息的抽样、量化和编码,抽取的模拟信号完成幅值跳变,使Q个变化的电平之间完成转换模式,最终在终端设备上对数据信息解码以及解调,恢复原始信号,保证了传输数据信息的有效性,使传输的数据信息无失真的传送至终端设备,这种技术模式将会使计算机网络安全更加严谨。     

An improved dynamic modeling of a multibody system with spherical joints

A dynamic modeling of multibody systems having spherical joints is reported in this work. In general, three intersecting orthogonal revolute joints are substituted for a spherical joint with vanishing lengths of intermediate links between the revolute joints. This procedure increases sizes of associated matrices in the equations of motion, thus increasing computational burden of an algorithm used for dynamic simulation and control. In the proposed methodology, Euler parameters, which are typically used for representation of a rigid-body orientation in three-dimensional Cartesian space, are employed to represent the orientation of a spherical joint that connects a link to its previous one providing three-degree-of-freedom motion capability. For the dynamic modeling, the concept of the Decoupled Natural Orthogonal Complement (DeNOC) matrices is utilized. It is shown in this work that the representation of spherical joints motion using Euler parameters avoids the unnecessary introduction of the intermediate links, thereby no increase in the sizes of the associated matrices with the dynamic equations of motion. To confirm the efficiency of the proposed representation, it is illustrated with the dynamic modeling of a spatial four-bar Revolute-Spherical–Spherical-Revolute (RSSR) mechanism, where the CPU time of the dynamic modeling based on proposed methodology is compared with that based on the revolute joints substitution. Finally, it is explained how a complex suspension and steering linkage can be modeled using the proposed concept of Euler parameters to represent a spherical joint.