长江中游四大家鱼产卵场河段形态与水流特性研究

为了研究长江中游四大家鱼产卵所需的水流环境,采用数值模拟的方法对产卵河段的形态特征和水流特性进行了量化分析.通过统计和对比研究了4类产卵河段的能量坡降、水流流态、动能梯度、能量损失和弗劳德数等水力特性,分析了水力要素在典型断面上的分布特点.研究结果表明:四大家鱼产卵的河床形态比较特殊,能量坡降具有明显的2维特性;水流流态复杂多样;水流流经产卵河段后能量损失较大;河段横断面上的动能梯度和弗劳德数数值较小.以期为四大家鱼产卵场水流环境的保护提供理论基础和技术参考.     

Research progress on water resources management theory of “basing four aspects on water resources”EI北大核心CSCD

In order to implement the rigid constraint system for water resources and promote refined management of water resources, based on the analysis of the concept and notion of “basing four aspects on water resources” and the summary of the experience of water resources management, the basic theory and management guidelines for water resources control of “basing four aspects on water resources” are proposed. The latest progress of “ basing four aspects on water resources” is systematically sorted out, and it is pointed out that further research on the water resources control of “basing four aspects on water resources” should be deepened from the aspects of macro-system evaluation system construction, water resources optimization allocation model reconstruction, and refinement of water resources control system. © 2023, Editorial Board of Water Resources Protection. All rights reserved.     

内孤立波环境下柱体的受力特性

针对以往孤立波对柱体作用研究多只针对柱体的整体受力开展,少有研究精细获取柱体不同部位受力特性的问题,借助三维大涡模拟(LES)数值波浪水槽,通过提取柱周流场及压强分布,得到柱体所受压差阻力及黏滞力的垂向分布,对柱体在孤立波环境中的受力特性进行了分析,并采用多元线性回归分析,构造综合影响参数分析了柱体受力特性,构建了柱体受力系数经验表达式。结果表明:上下层水体中方柱所受压差阻力约分别为圆柱的1.5倍和3.5倍;作用于柱体上的黏滞力比压差阻力小1或2个数量级,可忽略流体的黏性效应;综合影响参数与相对波幅正相关,与上下水深比负相关。     

基于四象限探测器的红外导引头目标捕获和跟踪系统

设计的红外导引头主要为激光半主动制导半实物仿真系统的目标捕获装置,它的性能直接影响整个半实物仿真系统的定位精度。首先在详细分析了导引头的性能指标基础上设计一套红外导引头的光学系统,并用ZEMAX验证了光学系统设计的可行性;同时设计了四象限探测器的处理及采集电路,实现了目标方位信息的捕获;最后结合三轴运动转台的控制实现了目标的跟踪。本系统经实验验证能够在实验室环境下完成对激光目标模拟器的捕获和跟踪。     

靠自身助力实现状态转换的四连杆机构的设计

为简化传动机构的运动过程,减少机构运动时对外力的依赖,介绍一种靠四连杆某一枢轴自身产生的能量助力该机构实现状态转换的设计方法。通过在四连杆机构的一个枢轴内布置弹性扭杆,控制机构状态转换时扭杆的弹性势能存储与释放使之为机构的运动趋方向提供运动能,达到省力的目的。经过大量实践证明此技术可以普及到诸多机构状态转换的场合。     

基于师生双选构建四阶段全程式本科生导师制初探

本科生导师制是近年来高等学校正在探索实践的一项新的学生教育管理改革制度,每个高校的导师制各不相同,其中对导师的选拔和在实行中导师具体工作也不十分明确.本文将基于师生双选构建一个四阶段全程式的导师制度.     

Method for calculating dynamic yield stress of fresh cement pastes using a coaxial cylinder system

The calculation of the rheological parameters of fresh cement pastes plays a key role in understanding the rheology of cement-based mixes. Because cement paste is not a simple Bingham fluid, a suitable nonlinear model must be found for characterizing its flow. A test system in which the rotational speed or shear rate can be changed in multiple steps is regarded as a suitable rheological test protocol because the paste reaches a steady state. Furthermore, theoretical derivations show that the solution of the Couette inverse problem corresponding to the modified Bingham model and the Herschel–Bulkley (H-B) model is complex. However, a comparative analysis revealed that the yield stress of fresh paste could easily be obtained through a calculation process based on a Parabolic model. This study presents the complete calculation procedure for this model. The influence of the plug flow is considered, and test points with low minimum shear stress (τ_min) are excluded. Finally, the accuracy of the proposed method is verified through comparisons with the results obtained using mini-cone slump tests. These results show that the dynamic yield stress calculated using the expression of the Couette inverse problem based on the Parabolic model in consideration of the plug flow is very close to the yield stress obtained using the mini-cone slump flow test. This proves that the proposed method could precisely characterize the dynamic yield stress of cement pastes.     

热轧窄带钢四辊精轧机新辊系

用新辊系改造 45 0轧机 ,可以最大限度地挖掘出轧机的潜能 ,解决产品转型问题。本文介绍了新辊系的设计特点     

混凝土泵送系统集成控制方法研究

针对泵送技术中的油缸换向可靠性差、液压系统换向冲击大、泵送效率低等技术难点,以泵送单元的控制为研究对象,通过对相关传递函数模型、状态空间描述模型的深入分析,提出一种泵送系统集成冗余控制方法:采用独特的信号采集方式,通过控制器闭环实时调整泵送系统的串联油缸同步状态,一体化解决上述泵送系统控制的技术难点。还探讨了这种串联油缸实时同步控制的控制律及实用的中央控制器运算策略,建立了VR泵送单元三维动态可视化模型及Simulink泵送单元动态系统模型,而其中的串缸同步补泄油逻辑控制模型,还利用StateFlow状态流建模技术。基于统一的MATLAB软件平台,对该控制方法进行必要的仿真,以验证该方法的可行性,并在实际工况下验证了该控制方法的技术优势。     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF FLOW OVER TWO CIRCULAR CYLINDERS IN TANDEM ARRANGEMENT

In this article,the 2-D unsteady viscous flow around two circular cylinders in a tandem arrangement is numerically simulated in order to study the characteristics of the flow in both laminar and turbulent regimes.The method applied alternatively is based on the finite volume method on a Cartesian-staggered grid.The great source term technique is employed to identify the cylinders placed in the flow field.To apply the boundary conditions,the ghost-cell technique is used.The implemented computational method is firstly validated through simulation of laminar and turbulent flows around a fixed circular cylinder.Finally,the flow around two circular cylinders in a tandem arrangement is simulated and analyzed.The flow visualization parameters,the Strouhal numbers,and drag and lift coefficients are comprehensively presented and compared for different cases in order to reveal the effect of the Reynolds number and gap spacing on the behavior of the flow.The obtained results have shown two completely distinct flow characteristics in laminar and turbulent regimes.