基于最佳燃油经济性的换挡指导系统

针对驾驶员不良换挡习惯造成明显燃油浪费的现状,提出了一套基于最佳燃油经济性的换挡指导系统,其基本原理是通过汽车OBD-Ⅱ接口读取车辆状态参数,然后依据最优换挡理论,在恰当的时机提醒驾驶员换挡.对系统的设计与实现进行了详细说明,主要包括系统框架、缺失参数的识别算法、最佳换挡的判别算法.最后对系统进行有效性验证,结果表明应用该系统平均节油8.6%,并且能使油耗水平更加稳定.研究成果可在现实中进一步推广,对交通领域节能减排有重要的价值.     

Proteomics of plaques and novel sources of potential biomarkers for atherosclerosis

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and loss of productive life years in the world. The underlying syndrome of CVD, atherosclerosis, is a complex disease process, which involves lipid metabolism, inflammation, innate and adaptive immunity, and many other pathophysiological aspects. Furthermore, CVD is influenced by genetic as well as environmental factors. Early detection of CVD and identification of patients at risk are crucial to reduce the burden of disease and to allow personalized treatment. As established risk factors fail to accurately predict which part of the population is likely to suffer from the disease, novel biomarkers are urgently needed. Proteomics can play a significant role in identifying these biomarkers. In this review, we describe the progress made in proteome profiling of the atherosclerotic plaque and several novel sources of potential biomarkers, including circulating cells and plasma extracellular vesicles. The importance of longitudinal biobanking in biomarker discovery is highlighted and exemplified by several plaque proteins identified in the biobank study Athero-Express. Finally, we discuss the PTMs of proteins that are involved in atherosclerosis, which may become one of the foci in the ongoing quest for biomarkers through proteomics of plaque and other matrices relevant to the progression of atherosclerosis.     

光伏电池最大功率点跟踪方法比较

根据太阳能光伏电池的工程数学模型,在Matlab环境下建立了光伏电池仿真模型,分析了光照强度和温度变化对光伏电池输出特性的影响。针对扰动观察法采用固定的扰动步长而难以获得较高跟踪精度和响应速度的问题,提出了一种基于变步长的改进的扰动观察法,并通过对光伏电池控制系统进行仿真,比较了这2种最大功率点跟踪方法的仿真曲线。结果表明,采用改进的扰动观察法的光伏电池控制系统能更快速跟踪最大功率点,且在最大功率点处稳定性较好。     

基于特征参数的柴油机喷油正时状态诊断

燃油供给系统是柴油机最重要的子系统之一,它的性能的好坏直接影响到混合气的形成过程和发动机的动力性、起动性、噪声及环境污染等性能。柴油机喷油正时与否直接决定供油系统能否正常工作,针对柴油机在不同喷油状态下的压力波动变化,采用外卡测量并对压力信号进行预处理和二次处理,从中提取诊断特征值,从而给出不同工况的诊断结果,由于油压波形信号重复性较好,各缸同一工作段的某些幅域参数变化不大,因此,幅域参数作为诊断供油系统喷油状态的方法是可行的、有效的。     

基于轻量级J2EE的加油站卡系统的设计与实现

为了有效构建一套加油站卡系统,在探讨了问题域及不同实现框架优缺点的基础上,给出了一个基于轻量级J2EE框架的实现方案.此方案根据卡系统自身的需求和特点,在开发过程中充分利用轻量级J2EE先进的体系架构,并详细阐述如何通过使用Spring、Hibernate、Acegi等多个成熟开源框架来简化系统开发的复杂性,同时提高开发效率.系统的运行结果表明此设计方案的合理性和有效性,也为其它类似应用提供了一个通用的解决方案.     

基于光伏电池输出特性的MPPT算法研究

为了寻找更好的实现光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪控制方法,基于单个光伏电池的物理特性建立了太阳能光伏电池阵列的Matlab仿真模型,分析了太阳能光伏电池阵列所具有的随着光照强度和温度不同而变化的P-U和I-U非线性特性.基于光伏电池的动态特性,在最大功率点跟踪算法的设计中增加一个电流监测回路,并结合自寻优技术对电导增量法进行改进,提出了一种自适应变步长寻优算法.仿真结果表明,该算法能够快速准确的跟踪最大功率点.     

结合先天和适应性免疫的蠕虫检测免疫模型

现有的蠕虫检测方法大多通过关闭不安全的端口,切断感染主机与未感染主机之间通信等方法延缓蠕虫传播而达到将损害减少到最低程度的目的.实际上在实施这些方法时往往有许多障碍需要克服,其中的最大障碍就是存在错误检测率高的问题.现将免疫危险理论中的DCs(树突状细胞,Dendritic Cells)-T细胞协同机制用于蠕虫检测,其中DCs属于先天免疫系统细胞,T细胞属于适应性免疫系统细胞.本模型将蠕虫进程触发的系统调用序列当作抗原,将感染蠕虫导致的主机和网络异常当作危险信号.在该模型中,DCs负责危险信号的收集检测并提呈与该危险信号关联的抗原给T细胞检测器进行抗原结构检测.理论分析说明,这样的双重检测方法可以降低伪肯定率和伪否定率,并且记忆T细胞检测器的采用能使系统对类似蠕虫的再次感染反应更加迅速.     

电容式油量测量系统的姿态误差分析

针对目前飞机上电容式油量传感器测量燃油时产生的姿态误差问题进行了研究,以飞机上的规则油箱为例,从理论上详细地分析了电容式油量测量系统的姿态误差,并绘制出其误差曲线,给出了减小姿态误差的方法,最后提出了在姿态误差最小的准则下确定传感器的最佳安装位置;文中提出的减小姿态误差的方法,不仅有利于提高燃油测量系统的可靠性和安全性,而且可以改善燃油测量系统的维修性,使燃油量测量技术跃上了一个新的台阶。     

RADIOIMMUNOTOXICOLOGICAL EFFECT OF ENRICHED URANIUM ON CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL IMMUNE CELLS AND THE PROTECTIVE ACTION OF IL－1 AND IL－2

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In Situ Polymerizing Internal Encapsulation Strategy Enables Stable Perovskite Solar Cells toward Lead Leakage Suppression

Despite the outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) achieved over the years, unsatisfactory stability and lead toxicity remain obstacles that limit their competitiveness and large-scale practical deployment. In this study, in situ polymerizing internal encapsulation (IPIE) is developed as a holistic approach to overcome these challenges. The uniform polymer internal package layer constructed by thermally triggered cross-linkable monomers not only solidifies the ionic perovskite crystalline by strong electron-withdrawing/donating chemical sites, but also acts as a water penetration and ion migration barrier to prolong shelf life under harsh environments. The optimized MAPbI₃ and FAPbI₃ devices with IPIE treatment yield impressive efficiencies of 22.29% and 24.12%, respectively, accompanied by remarkably enhanced environmental and mechanical stabilities. In addition, toxic water-soluble lead leakage is minimized by the synergetic effect of the physical encapsulation wall and chemical chelation conferred by the IPIE. Hence, this strategy provides a feasible route for preparing efficient, stable, and eco-friendly PSCs.