Voluntary Carbon Market in Turkey

Nowadays, global warming is a major environmental concern. Climate change is dominating the environmental agendas, especially in developed countries at first, but by now, around the world. Several initiatives have been undertaken to reduce the effect of increasing atmospheric GHGs （greenhouse gasses） concentrations. Emerging carbon emissions trade under the Kyoto Protocol serves to market the carbon quotas among the countries, thus, it helps to increase their level of GNP （gross national product）. Emissions trade is being performed in the voluntary and compliant markets. Increasing interest in emission trade emerged carbon and energy exchanges markets in the world. Turkey is located in the voluntary markets, and organizations buying carbon offset credits in order to achieve their voluntary emission reduction goals. GS （gold standard） and VCS （verified carbon standard） are mainly being used to finance renewable energy projects in Turkey. In the GS, there are 209 projects which are currently in the approval process or in the application, such as wind energy, hydroelectric power plant and biogas energy production. In addition to these, in the VCS, there are 61 projects which are mainly energy industries, in the approval process or in the application. Most environmental issues require long-term plans which include international cooperation, especially climate change. The Kyoto Protocol marks the beginning of a new era to combat global climate change. Voluntary markets are very popular and forty percent of the total global GS projects and around nine percent of VCS projects are implemented in Turkey. These projects are initial steps for future implementations of compliant markets in Turkey.     

Conflicts between national regulatory cultures and EU energy regulations

The research question is whether and to what extent the regulatory approach of command and control which is dominant in the energy sector accounts for implementation and enforcement deficits, and should be replaced or, at least, complemented by reform measures based on the public administration concept of collaborative governance. After a brief overview of the 2009 EU legislative package of energy regulations, three concepts of regulatory cultures are identified for Great Britain, France, and Germany which are based on the state paradigms of the enabling state (GB), the providing state (F), and the ensuring state (D). The main characteristics of the three national regulatory systems are outlined for the energy sector. Differences and conflicts between national regulatory cultures and EU energy regulations are identified, and linked to implementation and market deficiencies. Finally, alternative approaches to energy regulation are outlined on the basis of the concept of collaborative governance.     

全球化时代的高等教育政策走向及其批判性分析

在全球化浪潮下,许多国家的高等教育政策发生了调整,体现出不同程度的市场化、民营化、分权化和问责制走向。这些政策有其共同的实践动力和理论依据,并且相互关联,各自有利有弊。对这些政策的实际效果的批判性分析表明。高等教育的基本价值观不能妥协,政府不能放弃对公共高等教育的责任,高校的办学自主权应当得到保障。     

我国林产工业与资本市场

阐述我国资本市场的发展及林产工业在资本市场中的表现,指出我国林产工业今后的努力方向;我国林产工业企业要抓住行业发展的黄金期,充分利用资本市场融资并通过资本市场发挥资源配置功能,实现我国林产工业由大做强。     

我国林产工业与资本市场

阐述我国资本市场的发展及林产工业在资本市场中的表现,指出我国林产工业今后的努力方向;我国林产工业企业要抓住行业发展的黄金期,充分利用资本市场融资并通过资本市场发挥资源配置功能,实现我国林产工业由大做强。     

我国粮食期货市场与现货市场价格传导关系的研究

为研究我国粮食期货市场价格发现功能发挥的程度以及对现货市场的影响,采用Johansen协整检验、Granger因果检验、脉冲响应函数、方差分解等方法,以大豆、玉米、小麦为对象,对我国粮食期货市场与现货市场价格的传导关系进行了实证分析。结果表明,我国粮食期货价格与现货价格间存在长期均衡关系,它们之间表现出以期货价格向现货价格传导为主的单向传导关系,现货价格向期货价格的传递受到一定程度的阻滞。其中,大豆和小麦期货市场与现货市场的价格传导速率为1阶滞后,玉米为3阶滞后;我国粮食期货价格向现货价格传导的内在动力主要在于期货市场的价格发现功能得以充分实现,期货价格信息标准规范,并能够借用现代网络技术有效畅通地传递到现货市场中;而粮食现货市场因交易方式落后、信息化水平低下、市场信息标准不规范等因素,制约了现货市场信息向期货市场的传递。     

Challenges and progress in improving the quality and identity of Midwest U.S. Wines*

Winery owners in the Midwestern states of the United States have been working with each other and their state industry experts to improve the quality of their wines while also struggling to establish state and, at times, regional identities and overcome a widely-held perception that good wine is not made and cannot be made in the region. Drawing on a qualitative sociological study conducted over five years in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Iowa, this article examines the issues with which winery owners and industry specialists have worked to improve quality and establish marketable identities. Challenges include the sourcing of quality grapes, the status of hybrid grapes, the skill-level of winemakers, and the desire to meet demand and please a wide range of customer preferences. Industry efforts to address these challenges are highlighted.     

一种基于标准化期货合约的中长期电力交易新模式

电力期货合约是一种能够有效降低电力现货市场交易风险的电力金融合约.随着中国电力市场改革的推进,电力交易的市场化程度逐渐提升,需要对未来可能应用的电力期货市场进行研究.针对国内电力市场发展现状,应用峰荷、腰荷、基荷3种标准化电力期货合约,设计了售电侧的中长期期货交易模型,并引入资金时间价值,进一步促进市场平稳起步.仿真算...     

培育和规范探矿权采矿权市场建设

从探矿权、采矿权市场的定义出发,论述了建立矿权市场的必要性,并对如何培育和规范探矿权、采矿权市场提出了建议。     

A-SV模型及其在中国股票市场的应用

采用SV和A-SV模型对上证综合指数、深圳成份指数和香港恒生指数的日收益率进行拟合,并进行诊断检验,以找出能准确地描述中国股市波动性的模型。实证结果表明,A-SV模型对样本数据的拟合要优于SV模型,它能更好地描述中国股市的波动持续性与不对称性。