LPV gain-scheduled control of SCR aftertreatment systems

Hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and some of other polluting emissions produced by diesel engines are usually lower than those produced by gasoline engines. While great strides have been made in the exhaust aftertreatment of vehicular pollutants, the elimination of nitrogen oxide (NO _x ) from diesel vehicles is still a challenge. The primary reason is that diesel combustion is a fuel-lean process, and hence there is significant unreacted oxygen in the exhaust. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is a well-developed technology for power plants and has been recently employed for reducing NO _x emissions from automotive sources and in particular, heavy-duty diesel engines. In this article, we develop a linear parameter-varying (LPV) feedforward/feedback control design method for the SCR aftertreatment system to decrease NO _x emissions while keeping ammonia slippage to a desired low level downstream the catalyst. The performance of the closed-loop system obtained from the interconnection of the SCR system and the output feedback LPV control strategy is then compared with other control design methods including sliding mode, and observer-based static state-feedback parameter-varying control. To reduce the computational complexity involved in the control design process, the number of LPV parameters in the developed quasi-LPV (qLPV) model is reduced by applying the principal component analysis technique. An LPV feedback/feedforward controller is then designed for the qLPV model with reduced number of scheduling parameters. The designed full-order controller is further simplified to a first-order transfer function with a parameter-varying gain and pole. Finally, simulation results using both a low-order model and a high-fidelity and high-order model of SCR reactions in GT-POWER interfaced with MATLAB/SIMULINK illustrate the high NO _x conversion efficiency of the closed-loop SCR system using the proposed parameter-varying control law.     

Fuzzy gain-scheduling output feedback controller design for saturated linear plants

In this paper, the control design problem for linear systems subject to actuator saturations is considered. A fuzzy gain-scheduling output feedback controller is proposed to guarantee the stability of the closed-loop system as well as providing disturbance/error attenuation measured in L2 norm. The synthesis condition is cast as a convex optimization problem in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and can be solved efficiently. The ball-beam system is used to demonstrate the proposed saturation control approach.     

Gain-Scheduling H∞ Autopilot Design for Tactical Missiles with Variable-Swept Wings

It is very important to determine the magnetic object location using the magnetic anomaly. This paper presents a method for determined the magnetic object location using the geomagnetic field intensity. The magnetic object center position can be obtained by the amplitude of the analytic signal( AS) of geomagnetic total intensity. The vertical distance can be obtained by the value of magnetic anomaly on center position. But the vertical distance from measuring plane to magnetic object is not relatively precious because of not eliminating the geomagnetic normal field in the calculation process. The method of modeling geomagnetic normal field in small space is proposed based on Taylor polynomial. The impact of geomagnetic variation field for the precious of model is analyzed. Through the measured data and the model data,total intensity magnetic anomaly on the measuring plane is obtained which is used for calculating the vertical distance of magnetic object by calculating model. The experimental tests have been conducted on open field on the campus of Harbin Engineering University. The results show that the calculated results and real values match perfectly using this method.     

污水活性污泥处理过程的溶解氧增益调度控制

考察污水活性污泥处理过程溶解氧控制效果的重要性能指标是溶解氧浓度的波动情况和能耗。针对溶解氧的非线性传递模型,本文提出了以溶解氧设定值作为调度变量的溶解氧增益调度控制方法。即在溶解氧设定值进行泰勒级数展开得到线性模型,采用参考模型方法设计控制器,再根据不同的调度值(溶解氧设定值),调度线性时不变控制器。仿真结果表明,本文提出的增益调度控制方法无论在能耗方面还是在控制精度方面都要明显优越于常规的开关控制和PID控制。     

一种新型的滑模变结构增益调度控制器设计方法

研究影响一般滑动模态变结构控制性能的因素,并给出了根据切换函数选择滑动模态系数、边界层厚度以及控制器增益系数的一般要求．针对一类含参数不确定性的非线性系统,采用新型增益调度变结构控制策略进行控制,以切换函数作为调度变量对滑动模态系数、边界层厚度以及控制器增益系数进行调度,以提高滑动模态变结构控制系统的控制性能,抑制颤振,降低控制能耗．仿真算例验证了所提出控制策略的有效性．     

Linear parameter-varying versus linear time-invariant control design for a pressurized water reactor

The applicability of employing a parameter-dependent control to a nuclear pressurized water reactor is investigated and is compared to that of using an ℋ︁_∞ control. A linear time-invariant controller cannot maintain performance over the entire operating range. The parameter-dependent synthesis technique produces a controller which achieves specified performance against the worst-case time variation of a measurable parameter which enters the plant in a linear fractional manner. The plant can thus have widely varying dynamics over the operating range. The controllers designed perform well over the entire operating range. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Robust parameter-dependent fault-tolerant control for actuator and sensor faults

In this article, we study a robust fault-tolerant control (FTC) problem for linear systems subject to time-varying actuator and sensor faults. The faults under consideration are loss of effectiveness in actuators and sensors. Based on the estimated faults from a fault detection and isolation scheme, robust parameter-dependent FTC will be designed to stabilise the faulty system under all possible fault scenarios. The synthesis condition of such an FTC control law will be formulated in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and can be solved efficiently by semi-definite programming. The proposed FTC approach will be demonstrated on a simple faulty system with different fault levels and fault estimation error bounds.     

大规模风电并网后的电力系统广域增益调度控制器设计

针对风力发电的不确定性以及高渗透率下的大规模风电的远距离输送对系统区域阻尼的带来的负面影响,提出一种能适用于系统运行方式发生较大变化(如风电场风速急剧变化等)的广域控制器设计方法。采用时滞线性参数变化方法对含风电的电力系统进行建模,并将整个参数变化范围进行网格划分,再分别进行控制器设计,然后采用三角隶属函数制定调度准则并进行控制器权值分配,从而构造出满足全部参数变化范围的广域增益调度控制器。对算例的时域仿真表明,所提出的广域控制器设计方法对于系统运行范围发生较大变化的情况仍然具有较理想的效果,与传统的极点配置方法相比具有更强的鲁棒性;与经典的鲁棒控制方法与非线性控制方法相比,具有控制器阶数低、设计方法简单等优点,易于工程实现。所设计的控制器计及了电力系统变时滞的特点,相比传统的Pade近似处理时滞的方法有着更低的保守性。     

Gain-scheduling control of a floating offshore wind turbine above rated wind speed

This paper presents an application of gain-scheduling(GS) control techniques to a floating offshore wind turbine on a barge platform for above rated wind speed cases. Special emphasis is placed on the dynamics variation of the wind turbine system caused by plant nonlinearity with respect to wind speed. The turbine system with the dynamics variation is represented by a linear parameter-varying(LPV) model, which is derived by interpolating linearized models at various operating wind speeds. To achieve control objectives of regulating power capture and minimizing platform motions, both linear quadratic regulator(LQR) GS and LPV GS controller design techniques are explored. The designed controllers are evaluated in simulations with the NREL 5 MW wind turbine model, and compared with the baseline proportional-integral(PI) GS controller and non-GS controllers. The simulation results demonstrate the performance superiority of LQR GS and LPV GS controllers, as well as the performance trade-off between power regulation and platform movement reduction.