Trends in youth’s videogame playing, overall computer use, and communication technology use: The impact of self-esteem and the Big Five personality factors

The objective of the current research is to model trends in video game playing, overall computer use, and communication technology use in a longitudinal sample of youths, aged 11-16 over a 3-year interval. In addition, individual difference characteristics that may be predictive of these trends were included, namely, socio-demographic characteristics (gender, ethnicity, and parental income) and personality characteristics (self-esteem, the Big Five personality factors). Findings suggested that youth increased their overall computer and communication technology use but decreased their videogame playing over time. Many individual differences predicted mean levels of these technologies with fewer predicting slopes. Conclusions, implications, and limitations are discussed.     

Effect of micro-electrode geometry on NO2 gas-sensing characteristics of one-dimensional tin dioxide nanostructure microsensors

Electrodes with micro-gaps are fabricated by using dc-sputtering and FIB techniques. SnO₂ nanowires are deposited on the micro-gap (1-30 μm) by suspension dropping method to fabricate a micro-gas sensor. The sensing ability of various SnO₂ micro-gap sensors is measured. A comparison between sensors reveals that the short-gap electrode has numerous advantages in terms of reliability, high sensitivity and detection of low concentrations of NO₂, while the large-gap electrode is relatively sensitive for high concentrations. Conductance measurements are carried out at different surface temperatures and NO₂ concentrations in order to investigate the effects that the gap size has on the overall sensor conductance. The results suggest that the interface between the electrode and sensitive layer has a very important role for the sensing mechanism of tin dioxide gas sensors.     

Interface feature prioritization for web services: Case of online flight reservations

Acceptance, utility, and usability of system designs have become a focal interest in human–computer interaction (HCI) research, yet at present there is a lack detailed understandings of which system design features influence them. The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of five product design features; customization, adaptive behavior, memory load, content density, and speed on user preference through an experimental study by using conjoint analysis. In experimental study, instead of classical conjoint cards, prototypes were generated for products. Besides, desirability and market segments of product prototypes were identified. In line with the results, among the five product design features, speed is the most and customization is the least important features that affect user preference. Contrary to the expectations, customization has a relatively small importance value in this research. Subsequent design features that influence user preference after speed are minimal memory load, adaptive behavior, and content density, respectively. According to findings, interfaces that have high-speed, minimal memory load, adaptive behavior, low content density, and customization features are more preferable than those that do not.     

闪电快电场信号时频特性的小波分析

应用小波变换方法将具有短时非平稳特点的闪电快电场时域波形信号转换到二维的时频平面,从时间和频率上同时描述闪电快电场信号的电场强度或相对能量分布,揭示其所包含的不同频率分量及其随时间变化的特性.分析结果表明,基于小波变换的闪电快电场信号时频特性分析可以挖掘闪电电场更深层次的变化规律和特征;也为闪电放电类型的识别研究提供了新的思路.     

基于负载高峰特征的虚拟机放置算法

提出了一种基于虚拟机负载高峰特征的虚拟机放置策略,通过更好地复用物理主机资源来实现资源共享,从而提高资源利用率.在云环境下,当多个虚拟机的负载高峰出现在相同的时间段内时,非高峰时段的资源利用率就会明显偏低;相反,多个虚拟机只要负载高峰能错开在不同的时间,闲置的资源就能更充分地被利用.由于应用的负载通常具有一定的周期性,因此,可以利用虚拟机负载的历史数据作为分析的依据.基于虚拟机的负载高峰特征对虚拟机负载进行建模,建立虚拟机负载之间的相似度矩阵来实现虚拟机联合放置.使用CloudSim模拟实现了所提出的算法,并与基于相关系数的放置算法、随机放置算法进行了比较.实验结果表明:所提算法在平均CPU利用率上有8.9%~12.4%的提高,主机使用量有8.2%~11.0%的节省.     

多传感器基于动态时空特性软硬协作决策的目标检测研究

针对多传感器系统中目标检测时检测精度与效率的矛盾问题,研究了一种具有协同合作决策功能的目标检测算法及其传感器设计方案。首先将多传感器系统依据时域、空域和频域给出三维定义描述,分析了时空动态特性,其次依据二元检验和目标优化检测分析了软决策和硬决策在目标检测时变化规律,建立了一种基于协同合作的目标检测决策机制,最后给出了基于动态时空特性软硬协作决策的目标检测及其传感器头结构设计方案。实验表明,所提目标检测方案在检测精度、检测效率、资源利用率和覆盖率等方面具有明显优势。     

Tool choice in innovation diffusion: A human activity readiness theory

The short product life cycle of information and communication technology (ICT) applications makes it critical for developers to expedite the diffusion process by reducing user resistance. At the individual level, the adoption of an ICT application largely depends on how a person is ready to use the computerized tool in place of the corresponding traditional method for a certain purpose. To find out how to facilitate the transition, this study investigates the human choice behavior involved in technology adoption with the Activity Theory that allows for the inclusion of different tools in one unit of analysis. The understanding of user situated experiences from the activity perspective leads to hypothesized relationships between user-, tool- and task-related factors and the dependent variable in terms of tool readiness. The empirical results support that tool experiences have stronger effects on specific tool readiness at the within-subject level, user characteristics have weaker effects on general tool readiness at the between-subject level, and task situations influence both levels of tool readiness. The findings provide insights on how to facilitate innovation diffusion for different tools, tasks and users.     

基于色彩特征的无参考彩色图像质量评价

彩色图像质量评价(Color Image Quality Assessment,C-IQA)作为一种图像质量评价系统,与其他图像质量评价系统对彩色图像只是简单地将原图像转换为灰度图像进行评价不同,不仅考虑图像在灰度尺度下的质量评价,而且需要对图像的色彩表现做出评价。提出一种基于色彩特征的彩色图像质量的数学评价模型,在考虑亮度特征的同时,加入了色调、色饱和度和色彩熵等色度特征来进行C-IQA。在LIVE图像数据库中进行实验,可以发现模型预测结果与图像实际质量保持高度一致。     

火焰温度场测试中的传感器动态特性补偿

在进行爆温测试时,爆炸伴随的高温火焰具有变化快、温度高、测试环境恶劣等特点.针对这种特定的测温场合,运用火焰温度源法研究了热电偶传感器在火焰温度场中的动态响应特性.为了减小热电偶的动态测量误差,通过粒子群优化算法(PSO)建立了测试系统的动态补偿滤波器模型.实验表明,这种研究方法有效地改善了热电偶的动态测量误差,对通过爆温测试进行弹丸热毁伤评价有一定的参考价值.