船用低温高强钢三维多层焊接变形有限元模拟

低温高强钢EH36在船舶重要结构部位应用广泛.采用有限元软件,根据EH36钢热物理特性,对其焊接温度场和焊接变形进行了数值模拟.通过选择具备热和结构功能的耦合单元,应用APDL二次开发语言和生死单元技术,在三维方向上,对开坡口厚板的多层焊焊接热循环过程进行了分析,得到工件收缩变形及角变形等数据.结果表明,第一层焊接变形与第二层焊接变形大小和趋势存在差异,而后焊部位的焊接变形也不同于先焊部位.通过常见的V形坡口和U形坡口焊接变形大小的比较,在坡口截面尺寸相同的情况下,得到U形坡口焊接角变形明显小于V形坡口的结论.     

渗碳齿轮的热处理畸变及其控制技术

探讨了渗碳淬火齿轮热处理畸变的规律,分析了影响渗碳淬火齿轮热处理畸变的影响因素,介绍了控制渗碳淬火齿轮热处理畸变的技术,并列举了控制齿轮热处理畸变的实例。     

An Advanced Oscillation Mixing Method for Improving the Cooling Uniformity in Quenching

In quenching, the cooling uniformity is most important to diminish distortion occurring on work pieces. As a trial to accomplish uniform cooling, therefore, there exist various mixing methods of a quenchant and the quenchant circulation with an external pump has so far been the well accepted mixing method. However, this study proposes an advanced oscillation mixing method that can improve more the cooling uniformity in quenching. The proposed method includes a stirrer in oscillating motion, so that the simultaneous oscillating and mixing movements of the stirrer are considered to provide efecfively the uniform cooling characteristics for the quenchant. In comparison with the case of the circulation pump mixing, the investigation using the oscillation mixing method has demonstrated the following two experimental facts:(1) the short vapor blanket stage caused by the quick breakage of the oil vapor blanket and (2) the reduced variation of the quenching distortion.     

Numerical Simulation of Controlling in Titanium Alloy Sheets Welding Residual Stress by Trailing Peening

It is a promising and new technology to apply welding with trailing peening to control welding stress and distortion of titanium alloy. Numerical simulation of conventional welding and welding with trailing peening of the titanium alloy sheet is carried out, using nonlinear finite element theory and the engineering analysis software MARC. The result shows that welding with trailing peening technology reduces longitudinal residual stress in welding joint effectively, and it is more effective to reduce residual stress to peen the weld than to peen the weld toe. It is a effective result that other technolooy and method used in welding can never achieved.     

Dry and clean age hardening of aluminum alloys by high-pressure gas quenching

When precipitation-hardenable aluminum parts are water quenched, distortion occurs due to thermal stresses. Thereby, a costly reworking is necessary, and for this reason polymer quenchants are often used to reduce distortion, with the disadvantage that the quenched parts have to be cleaned after quenching. In opposition to liquid quenchants, gas quenching may decrease distortion due to the better temperature uniformity during quenching. Furthermore, cleaning of the quenched parts can be avoided because it is a dry process. For this purpose, a heat-treating process was evaluated that included a high-pressure gasquenching step. Gas quenching was applied to different aluminum alloys (i.e., 2024, 6013, 7075, and A357.0), and tensile tests have been carried out to determine the mechanical properties after solution annealing, gas quenching, and aging. Besides high-pressure gas quenching, alloy 2024 was quenched at ambient pressure in a gas nozzle field. The high velocity at the gas outlet leads to an accelerated cooling of the aluminum alloy in this case. Aluminum castings and forgings can be classified as an interesting field of application of these quenching methods due to their near-net shape before the heat treatment. Cost savings would be possible due to the reduced distortion, and therefore, less reworking after the precipitation hardening.     

New development in welding thin-shell aluminum alloy structures with high strength

From the viewpoint of welding mechanics, two new welding methods-welding with trailing peening and welding with trailing impactive rolling were introduced. For aluminum alloy thin-shell structures with high strength, welding will lead to hot cracking, poor joint and distortion. In order to solve them, trailing impactive device was used behind welding torch to impact the different positions of welded joints, thus realizing the welding with free-hot cracking, low distortion and join tstrengthening. By use of impactive rolling wheels instead of peening heads, the outlook of welded specimen can be improved and stress concentration at weld toes can be reduced. Equipment of this technology is simple and portable. It can used to weld sheets, longitudinal and ring-like beams of tube-like structures, as well as the thin-shell structures with closed welds such as flanges and hatches. So the technology has the wide application foreground in the fields of aviation and aerospace.     

异型薄壁零件淬火畸变的控制

分析了异型薄壁零件淬火废品率高的主要原因。采取改进工艺、工装设计及淬火后校正3方面措施，有效控制了该零件的淬火畸变，显著降低了零件淬火的废品率。     

Analysis of electron structure of γ/α2 phase boundaries in ternary TiAl intermetallics

The electron structure of γ/α2 phase boundaries in lamellar colonies in Ti-47Al-2M（M=Nb, Cr, V） （mole fraction, %） alloys was theoretically investigated by Empirical Electron Theory of Solid and Molecules （EET） and the bond-length-difference （BLD） method. Average-Atom-Model was employed to calculate valence electron structure of TiAI intermetallics containing site substitution elements. On this basis, the boundary condition of electron movement was employed in the improved Thomas-Fermi-Dirac （TFD） theory to decide the continuity of the electron density of the lamellar colonies interface and it is found that of γ/α2 interface is continuous（△ρ〈10%）. Furthermore, it is found that adding alloying elements （including Nb, Cr, and V） can improve the electron density （ρ） of ）γ/α2 interfaces, and decrease the electron density difference（△ρ） of γ/α2 interfaces. Adding V element decreasing △ρ is more remarkable than other site substitution elements. According to electron structure study of γ/α2 interfaces in Ti-47Al-2M alloys, the added elements improve mechanical properties of the alloy in the following order： V〉Cr〉Nb.     

光栅成像光谱仪图像畸变校准方法研究

成像光谱仪是一种"图谱合一"的光学遥感仪器。光栅型成像光谱仪由于原理简单,性能稳定,技术发展成熟等优点得到了广泛的应用。光栅成像光谱仪中不同采样步长的选择及不合理的拼接方法会导致目标图像(分划板图像)的畸变,会使原来分划板图像中的正方形发生不同程度拉伸或者压缩成为矩形。现采用He-Ne激光器确定成像光谱仪的通带宽度,并利用低压汞灯进行波长定标,确定特定波长所对应的像元数,通过基于区域和小波变换的拼接方法完成目标图像,从而对目标图像的畸变进行校正。实验证明,可以使畸变量相比原始块匹配拼接方法减小一个数量级。     

航空薄壁结构件铣削加工变形数值模拟分析

针对广泛应用于航空航天制造业中的整体薄壁结构件刚性差、易产生加工变形,从而难以保证其加工品质的问题,基于金属切削原理的物理仿真,采用Production Module 3D仿真软件对工件的加工变形进行数值模拟,并与相同条件下的试验数据进行了对比验证,仿真结果与试验数据基本相符.在验证了仿真模型的有效性前提下,研究了走刀路径、切削用量和刀具结构参数对薄壁零件加工变形的影响,获得了其加工变形的规律.所做研究为通过改善加工工艺、优化切削参数和优选刀具来控制加工变形提供了理论依据.