我国油井管生产的回顾和展望

扼要介绍了油井管的品种、用途。分阶段介绍了我国油井管的生产发展过程以及我国钻杆的生产发展情况,指出根据油井勘探开发发展趋势,各生产厂应重点开发高难、特殊品种油井管。     

Can technologies make a difference for hospitalized youth: Findings from research

Children and youth who are hospitalized for a short or long term become socially isolated from their family, school and classmates. As their isolation increases, so does their vulnerability as a result of disrupted schooling. Research studies suggest different ways of using technologies to overcome this isolation and support children during this critical time of their lives. With technology for children in hospitals becoming increasingly commonplace, evaluating how it is used and its impact on children's learning and well‐being is necessary. In this paper, we systematically evaluated existing research on use of technologies for communication, support and educational purposes and its contribution to the well‐being of hospitalized children. A rigorous selection process yielded 14 research articles meeting the following criteria: empirical studies, using technologies for network of support, targeting hospitalized children and adolescents and targeting learning or social and emotional well‐being in the last decade. This review indicates that the use of technologies with children and youth in hospitals generally increased their potential for learning and improved connectivity with school. Our findings revealed that implementing digital pedagogies and creating online communities were helpful but underutilized features in the research.     

基于反馈动态神经网络的油田异常井诊断模型研究

针对油田异常井诊断的问题,提出基于反馈动态神经网络的模型,该模型具有适应性强、学习效率高等特点。结合粒子群算法弥补其训练速度慢和容易陷入局部最小的缺点,给出模型及算法的优化原则和实现技术。最后根据实际问题,进行油田异常井诊断模型的具体应用,实验结果证明模型对于异常井诊断具有较高准确性及可行性。     

水平井筒油水变质量分散流动压降研究

针对水平井筒中油水两相变质量流动,从理论和室内实验两个方面对分散流型下压降进行了研究,着重考虑壁面流体的流入对壁面摩阻系数的影响与不同流型间的转换。根据质量守恒、动量守恒方程,建立了水平井油水两相分散流型下压降预测模型。采用水、白油为实验介质,测量了水平管不同注入比、不同含水率下油水两相流压降值。实验结果分析表明,当含水率为40%时,油水发生反相,管道中流动压降最大,这和Brinkman/Roscoe混合黏度公式计算出的反相点一致。同时,压降模型预测结果与实验结果相比较平均相对误差为13.6%。     

严寒高地下水位地区检查井结构设计

针对北方严寒高地下水位地区,检查井在冬季运行期间,由于地下水的渗透,经常被冰层覆盖,无法正常运行的问题,采用焊接钢板成箱式检查井,使其密封不透水,从而有效地解决了严寒高地下水位地区检查井的冻胀及结冰病害问题.     

低产井产量计量方法探讨

大庆油田已进人后续开发阶段,低产井数量在逐年增加,其产量的准确计量成了亟待解决的问题.现有的低产井产量计量还是采用与高产井相同的计量间分离器量油方式进行.由于低产井自身的特点,分离器量油方式不能如实反映其产能.对两种量油方式进行对比研究,通过具体应用实例表明,翻斗流量计计量低产井产量效果较好.     

钻井井(孔)眼轨迹计算与图形绘制软件的设计

钻井井(孔)眼轨迹计算与图形绘制软件是为钻井行业设计的,采用了VB6.0编程并结合AutoCAD二次开发(VBA)的方法,完成了通过软件读取井眼轨迹基本参数(原始测斜数据),计算出井眼轨迹计算参数并绘制出井眼轨迹图形。文章简要介绍了钻井井(孔)眼轨迹计算与图形绘制软件的设计思路、功能和实现的核心程序以及软件运行过程。     

插件的探井单井信息集成平台设计与开发

本文采用插件式、模板化的设计思路,在Windows．NET平台下实现了以井身结构图和试油管柱图为图形显示导航,集成显示探井在不同生产阶段的重要生产数据,为用户提供了井当前状态和重要信息宏观的展示平台,为探井生产管理提供依据。     

小像元量子阱FPA抗光学串音的FDTD仿真

采用光栅耦合结构的焦平面阵列(Focal Plane Array,FPA)在工艺上难以制备,反射耦合结构较为容易。为探究反射耦合结构是否可以在小尺寸范围内替代光栅耦合结构,文章使用FDTD电磁场仿真软件MEEP构建了光栅耦合结构和反射结构GaAs/AlGaAs量子阱红外焦平面阵列三像元模。通过对器件内部光学串音进行仿真,验证了在逼近衍射极限时,采用全内反射结构的FPA在5~7μm和8.5~10μm之间的抗串音效果强于光栅耦合结构,而在6.5~8.5μm和10~12μm之间,光栅耦合结构的抗串音效果更好,在12~15μm范围内,两种结构的抗串音能力相当。针对15μm中心距全内反射结构量子阱FPA,探究了反射角度、刻蚀深度和量子阱周期对其串音的影响。     

All‐Organic Dual Spin Valves with Well‐Resolved Four Resistive‐States

The formation of all‐organic dual spin valves (DSVs) with three organic spin‐selective layers, that is, spin‐injection, spin‐detection, and an additional spin‐filtering layer at the intermediate, is reported. As spin‐selective layers, manganese‐ and cobalt phthalocyanines, which are well‐known single‐molecule magnets, are used in their immobilized forms, so that all‐organic DSVs can be prefabricated for characterization. The three spin‐selective layers have provided four configurations with at most two spin‐flip interfaces enforcing spin‐flipping at the two nonmagnetic organic spacer layers, for which copper phthalocyanine is used. Since a couple of the four configurations have exhibited similar resistivities, the degeneracy in the resistive‐states is broken through asymmetric spin‐injection and spin‐detection layers and also through asymmetric thickness of the nonmagnetic spacer layers. When both the spin‐flip interfaces are made operative independently, a 2‐bit logic with four distinct resistive states can be achieved.