基于光纤布拉格光栅的微波光子信号处理

由于有效利用了光子技术的优点,微波光子技术克服了传统微波系统中的一些瓶颈,从而提高已有系统性能,甚至开发出了全新的系统应用。很多光子器件已经被用在微波光子系统中,光纤布拉格光栅（Fiber Bragg grating, FBG）就是其中一种非常重要的全光纤器件。由于具有灵活的频谱响应特性、损耗低、质量轻、结构紧凑、以及与其他光纤器件耦合性好等独特的优势,光纤布拉格光栅已经成为了微波光子信号处理系统中的关键组件之一。本文主要介绍了近年来光纤布拉格光栅在微波光子信号处理应用中的最新进展,重点讨论的主要应用包括微波光子滤波器,微波任意波形产生,微波频谱感知以及光纤光栅传感器实时解调。最后,本文还讨论了在微波光子系统中应用光纤布拉格光栅的局限性及可能的解决方案。     

Dielectric and thermal properties of dicyclopentadiene containing bismaleimide and cyanate ester. Part IV

A novel bismaleimide (BMI), bis(4-maleimidophenoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)dicyclopentadiene (DCPDBMI), containing a large dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) and aryl ether linkage, was synthesized from bis(4-aminophenoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)dicyclopentadiene and maleic anhydride by the usual two-step procedure that included ring-opening addition to give bismaleamic acid, followed by cyclodehydration to bismaleimide. The monomers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), elemental analyses (EA), and mass spectra (MS). A series of bismaleimide-triazine (BT) resins were prepared from synthesized bismaleimide (DCPDBMI) and then cured with 2,6-dimethyl phenol-dicyclopentadiene dicyanate ester (DCPDCY) at various molar ratios. Thermal properties of cured BT resins (DCPDBMI/DCPDCY) were studied using dielectric analyzer (DEA), dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) and thermalgravimetric analyzer (TGA). These data were compared with that of commercial bismaleimide (DDMBMI) cured with bisphenol A dicyanate ester (BADCY). The cured DCPDBMI/DCPDCY exhibits lower dielectric constant, dissipation factor and moisture absorption than those of DDMBMI/BADCY. The effects of blend composition on the glass transition temperatures and thermal stability are discussed.     

Cement-based materials for stress sensing by dielectric measurement

The self-sensing of stress by measurement of the relative dielectric constant (κ) has been shown in cement pastes containing steel fibers of 8 μm diameter and carbon filaments of 0.1 μm diameter. The κ value increases nonlinearly and quite reversibly with compressive stress up to 6.4 MPa, although the reversibility is not complete. Inferior sensing performance was observed in cement paste with carbon fibers of 15 μm diameter, although the performance was still better than cement paste without admixture.     

定容条件下火药实际燃烧规律的数值模拟

为研究火药的实际燃烧规律,建立了定容条件下火药燃烧的修正数学模型,分析了火药实际弧厚的分布及变化、点火不同步和燃速系数变化等因素对火药实际燃烧规律的影响。在此基础上,用考虑综合因素的修正数学模型对定容条件下火药的实际燃烧过程进行了模拟,计算值与实验结果具有较好的一致性,说明修正模型所建立的假设及处理方案是合理的。     

Synthesis and characterization of new functional poly(urethane‐imide) crosslinked networks

To synthesize new functional poly(urethane‐imide) crosslinked networks, soluble polyimide from 2,2′‐bis(3,4‐dicarboxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane dianhydride, 4,4′‐oxydianiline, and maleic anhydride and polyurethane prepolymer from polycaprolactone diol, tolylene 2,4‐diisocyanate and hydroxyl ethyl acrylate were prepared. Poly(urethane‐imide) thin films were finally prepared by the reaction between maleimide end‐capped soluble polyimide (PI) and acrylate end‐capped polyurethane (PU). The effect of polyurethane content on dielectric constant, residual stress, morphology, thermal property, and mechanical property was studied by FTIR, prism coupler, Thin Film Stress Analyzer (TFSA), XRD, TGA, DMTA, and Nano‐indentation. Dielectric constant of poly(urethane‐imide) thin films (2.39–2.45) was lower than that of pure polyimide (2.46). Especially, poly(urethane‐imide) thin films with 50% of PU showed lower dielectric constant than other poly(urethane‐imide) thin films did. Lower residual stress and slope in cooling curve were achieved in higher PU content. Compared to typical polyurethane, poly(urethane‐imide) thin films exhibited better thermal stability due to the presence of the imide groups. The glass transition temperature, modulus, and hardness decreased with increase in the flexible PU content even though elongation and thermal expansion coefficient increased. Finally, poly(urethane‐imide) thin films with low residual stress and dielectric constant, which are strongly affected by the morphological structure, chain mobility, and modulus, can be suggested to apply for electronic devices by variation of PU. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 113–123, 2006     

Détermination de constantes cinétiques du craquage catalytique par la modélisation du test de microactivité (MAT)

The microactivity test (MAT) for cracking catalyst test works with an approximately plug flow isothermal reactor. The yields at the outlet of such a reactor is numerically computed in the case of lumped kinetic with large molecular expansion and rapid catalyst deactivation expressed versus poison concentration. The poison (coke in cracking reaction) is considered as a product formed by several reaction routes. The results are applied to catalytic cracking kinetic with a four lump model (feedstock, gasoline, gas, coke). The comparison between experimental and computed yields, permits the adjustment of kinetic constants with a set of experimental results obtained from a laboratory scale reactor derived from the MAT. The simulation of concentration profile in the reactor permits a better understanding of the reaction courses.     

浅谈皮带定量给料机的机械配置选型

皮带定量给料机是目前水泥生产企业中最为常见的过程计量和配料的设备。作者结合多年来开发、调试和使用皮带定量给料机的实践经验与资料积累，介绍了如何根据实际需要和使用量程，通过对皮带定量给料机的主要机械参数的计算来合理地选用定量给料机的型号和规格。     

氰酸酯树脂的性能与应用

氰酸酯树脂具有较低的介质损耗因数和低而稳定的介电常数，使用频带宽，力学性能好，吸水率低，是新一代航空航天雷达天线罩理想的基体材料。介绍了该树脂的制备途径、性能和应用，并指出合成中应注意的问题。     

对硝基苯酚臭氧化反应动力学研究

在T=298K,pH=2.1～6,采用停流光谱仪研究了对硝基苯酚与臭氧在水溶液中的臭氧化反应动力学。实验结果表明,对硝基苯酚臭氧化总的反应是2级,对臭氧浓度和对硝基苯酚浓度分别为1级。臭氧化反应速率常数随溶液pH值的增大而增大;T=298K时,当pH值从2.1变化到6,总的反应速率常数从5.88×104L(mol·s)-1增大到1.56×106L(mol·s)-1。为了验证其适用性,对臭氧在搅拌釜中在对硝基苯酚溶液中的吸收过程进行了模拟。采用MATLAB软件求解臭氧在搅拌釜中在对硝基苯酚溶液中吸收过程的质量平衡方程,模拟得到了吸收过程中臭氧和对硝基苯酚浓度的变化,并与实验值进行了比较。结果表明,在85%的对硝基苯酚降解之前,模拟值和实验值能很好地一致。在反应末期,模拟值和实验值出现了一定的偏差。     

Mn2+、Nb5+共掺BaTiO3陶瓷的制备及压电性能的研究

本文采用改进的固相反应法,制备了施主杂质Nb5 和受主杂质Mn2 共掺的BaTiO3陶瓷。按不同Nb5 、Mn2 的掺杂量,分别在1180℃、1210℃、1250℃、1280℃温度下煅烧。实验结果表明:当烧结温度为1250℃、掺杂量为0.05mol%时,制得的试样性能较好。