4-methoxy-2,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazoyl)-1,3,5-triazine modified carbon paste electrode for trace Cu(Ⅱ) determination by differential pulse volt-ammetry

A differential pulse voltammetric method was developed for the sensitive and selective determination of Cu(Ⅱ) at 4-methoxy-2,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazoyl)-l,3,5-triazine modified carbon paste electrode in 0.05 mol/L KHC8H4O4 solution (pH = 4.02). The oxidation peak of Cu(Ⅱ) was observed at 0.065 V(vs Ag/AgCl) by scanning the potential in positive direc-tion. The analysis procedure consisted of an open circuit accumulation step in stirred sample solution. It was followed by medium exchange to a clean solution and subsequently an anodic potential scan was affected to obtain the voltammetric peak. The current was proportional to the concentration of the Cu(Ⅱ) ion in a range of 1× 10-7-1×10-4 mol/L for 6 min accumulation; the most of metal ions did not interfere with the determination. The developed method was applied to Cu(Ⅱ) determination in coal-ash sample, the results agreed with that of atomic adsorption spectroscopy(AAS).     

Flow of granules through cylindrical hopper

The gravity flow characteristics of pharmaceutically important granules were studied in a cylindrical hopper with attachable orifice disk at the bottom. Results indicate that materials property and orifice diameter play key role in determining mass flow rate while keeping environmental condition (temperature) at fixed range. A new dimensionally analyzed equation was developed to predict gravity flow of pharmaceutically important granules. The developed correlation agreed well with the experimental data. Calcium gluconate and lactose were used for preparing granules. Generally, glidant/lubricant materials are added to pharmaceutical granules during tablet manufacturing process, in order to improve physical property of granular material. Hence, the effect of glidant/lubricant on mass flow of granules through hopper was also studied. Magnesium stearate (1.5%) was added as glidant before granulation.     

2001世界陶瓷原料市场分析与预测

近几年陶瓷原料工业呈稳步发展 ,反映了陶瓷工业强大的发展势头。 1 999年度大多数陶瓷原料的生产和销售都有所增长 ,预示着未来陶瓷原料工业的成功。以下是几种在陶瓷工业领域应用较广泛的陶瓷原料的生产与消费情况。通过对这几种陶瓷原料生产和消费情况的分析 ,对未来陶瓷原料市场做出了预测 ,旨在给各陶瓷企业的生产提供一定的参考     

The Structure of the Irreversibly Bound Adhesion Promoter-Substrate Interfacial Layer of γ-Aminopropylsilanetriol on Crystalline Si, as Measured by XPS and FTIR

The irreversibly bound interfacial layer deposited by the γ-aminopropysilanetriol adhesion promoter onto a crystalline silicon substrate, which remains even after profuse washing, was found by XPS to have resulted from the fragmentation and rearrangement of the original γ-aminopropylsilanetriol molecule. A mechanism is proposed, involving the homolytic scission of the terminal N-C bond. One of the subsequent reactions is believed to involve hydrogen loss by abstraction and the formation of a terminal vinyl group, which bonds to the substrate. Support for this mechanism is found in IR spectroscopy of this layer.     

双季戊四醇收率与反应条件依赖关系研究

利用均匀设计法，通过少量实验，使用计算机回归出双季戊四醇收率与反应条件间的依赖关系：Ｙ＝４．１４１８＋０．０８９ｘ＿１－１０．０８ｘ＿２＋８３．０１８ｘ＿３－０．１２９ｘ＿４－２９．６３８ｘ，其表明增加反应温度和降低甲醛与乙醛配比都可以增加双季戊四醇的收率，结果与实验相吻合。用回归方程得到的优化条件进行实验得到的双季戊四醇收率为２５．４％，与预测值很接近。     

5000m3液氨球罐缺陷分析

介绍建峰化工总厂化肥厂液氨球罐在进行周检时发现的缺陷及状况。针对不同类型缺陷 ,对其出处、成因按相关标准理论进行详细分析 ,运用规程进行强度校核、评定 ,得出球罐在下一检验周期前仍然安全可靠 ,提出了预防措施和建议     

Evaluation of oxidative stability of canola oils by headspace analysis

Lipid oxidation is a major factor affecting flavor quality and shelf life of vegetable oils. Oxidative stability is therefore an important criterion by which oils are judged for usefulness in various food applications. In this study a method based on headspace analysis was developed to evaluate relative oxidative stability of canola oils. The method does not require the use of chemicals, involves minimal sample preparation, and can be performed on a relatively small sample size in comparison with traditional wet chemical methods. Canola oils freshly extracted in the laboratory from different seed samples were subjected to accelerated oxidation and analyzed for PV by standard methods and headspace volatiles by solid phase microextraction/GC-MS. Forward stepwise regression analysis of the data revealed a relationship between PV and headspace concentration of the volatile lipid oxidation products hexanal and trans,trans-2,4-heptadienal. The PV calculated using this formula correlated (R ²=0.73) with those measured by conventional methods. Presented in part at the 96th Annual Meeting of the AOCS, 1–4 May 2005, Salt Lake City, UT.     

硫酸钾生产出现问题的机理分析及改进建议

曼海姆法硫酸钾生产装置出现 3个问题 :原料 KCl中有机碳的分析结果非常高 ;测定副产盐酸总酸度 ,加 1～ 2滴甲基橙不显红色 ;分析副产盐酸中 SO4 2含量超标 (≥ 0 .1% )。分析产生以上问题的原因并提出解决措施     

炼油厂价值链分析与优化

运用价值链分析方法对炼油厂内、外部的价值活动进行了分析,将炼油厂内部价值链划分为主生产作业链、辅助生产作业链和辅助价值链三部分,通过分析指出产品结构不合理、炼油成本较高是影响炼油业务价值的主要原因,针对企业实际情况,提出价值链优化调整策略:提高炼油技术水平,优化装置结构和产品结构,增产高附加值产品,不断提高企业经济效益。