Oleogels from Glycerol‐Based Lyotropic Liquid Crystals: Phase Diagrams and Structural Characterization

In the course of our studies on structured reverse lyotropic liquid crystals (LLC) as oleogels, a system was designed with the desired physical and rheology properties for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. The aqueous phase was partially replaced by glycerol to minimize bacteriological problems and obtain specific rheology characteristics. The constructed phase diagrams are based on ternary mixtures of glycerol monooleate (GMO), decane, water, and glycerol. The main lyotropic mesophase obtained in this study was reverse hexagonal derived from dilution line 8:2 (72 wt% GMO and 18 wt% decane) and 10 wt% water; or water:glycerol (wt ratios 3:1 and 1:1) mixture. It was found that heat‐cool fluctuation caused formation of new pseudo‐equilibrium structures with mesomorphic transformations to more fluid and less ordered mesostructures. Replacing up to 50 wt% of the water by glycerol significantly increases the gel phase region in the phase diagram, meaning more structural compositional options. The structural parameters were determined using cross‐polarized light microscopy (CPLM), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), and small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS). Rheological measurements revealed viscoelastic properties of lyotropic liquid crystals with a decrease in the elasticity (G′), plasticity (G″), and complex viscosity (η*), as a function of increasing the glycerol content.     

阀体流道孔清理的一种新方法

液压阀体及阀板零件中存在许多交叉孔道,为了能加工出交叉孔就从零件结构上增加了一些工艺孔,加工完毕后焊堵堵死,但是这给交叉孔道的清理增加了困难。在生产实际中,为了便于清理这些交叉孔道内的残留物,建议设计将焊堵的结构改成丝扣的结构,安装上调垫及内六角螺塞,再进行水压试验,保证安装紧密。     

紫砂造型艺术中直线和六方的韵律——简析“六方抽角壶”的形态结构与视觉感应

通过分析直线的性质和"六方抽角壶"的形态结构,探讨直线应用在紫砂光素方器中所产生的节奏韵律,以艺术审美的评判标准论证"六方抽角壶"刚柔并济、虚实相间、层次递进的视觉感应。     

Pd/Ce-HMS介孔材料的结构和表面化学态

为了制备新型负载型Pd催化剂,采用合成后组装法和浸渍法室温合成了Pd/Ce-HMS介孔材料,产物用XRD、N2吸附、FTIR及XPS谱等手段进行表征。结果表明,Ce、Pd引入后六方介孔结构仍保持完好。产物的BET表面积为742.9 m2·g-1,孔容0.803 cm3·g-1,表面Pd、Ce物种主要以PdO2和CeO2形式存在。研究表明,Ce前驱体通过与孔表面富集的Si—OH基团作用而嵌入骨架或键合于孔表面,Pd担载时由于模板剂仍留在孔道中,因而没有造成孔道堵塞。