Y2O3对渗Al—Si涂层抗氧化性能的影响

用无机盐料浆法在镍基高温合金K4104表面制备了渗Al-Si涂层并在制备过程中添加了Y2O3。采用静态氧化增重的试验方法对涂层进行了1000℃×200h抗氧化性试验,用带能谱分析的扫描电镜观察涂层氧化不同时间后的表面形貌和截面形貌及分析涂层的氧化膜和截面成分。用origin软件绘制氧化动力学曲线并拟合出氧化动力学方程。研究结果表明，渗Al-Si具有较好的抗高温氧化性能。Y2O3的添加提高了渗Al-Si涂层的抗氧化性能，提高了渗Al-Si涂层的塑性，改善了氧化膜与涂层间的粘附性。     

多弧离子镀与磁控溅射共沉积TiN/TiCN多层膜的高温抗氧化性能

TiN/TiCN多层膜的高温抗氧化性研究对于扩大其应用领域具有重要作用,但目前鲜见相关报道。采用多弧离子镀与磁控溅射技术以不同调制周期在304不锈钢表面共沉积TiN/TiCN多层膜。采用XRD、XPS、倒置显微镜及高温氧化试验研究了多层膜的高温抗氧化行为。结果表明:TiN/TiCN多层膜表面光滑平整、均匀致密,薄膜主要为具有Ti-(C,N)键的fcc-TiN结构;随着调制周期的减小,TiN/TiCN多层膜生长取向发生转变,且具有(111)晶面生长织构;随着氧化温度的升高,多层膜的显微硬度逐渐降低,氧化增重速率不断增大,且在700℃之后变化速率较快,薄膜的开始氧化温度约为750℃;随着调制周期的减小,多层膜TiN与TiCN界面层数量增多,促使晶粒细化,提高了其致密性,还隔断了缺陷贯穿薄膜的连续性,显著降低了薄膜的孔隙率,致使O原子扩散困难,增强了薄膜的高温抗氧化性能。     

聚乙烯醇纤维增强钢渣粉-水泥复合材料基本力学性能及微观结构

通过掺加钢渣粉来制备聚乙烯醇（PVA）纤维增强钢渣粉-水泥基复合材料,从宏微观两个方面研究了这种复合材料的性能。考虑了基体材料的水胶比（0.25和0.35）、不同钢渣粉质量分数（0、30wt%、60wt%、80wt%）,采用抗压强度试验、薄板四点弯曲试验研究了PVA纤维增强钢渣粉-水泥基复合材料的基本力学性能变化规律及其在弯曲荷载作用下的裂缝控制能力,采用扫描电镜观测了破坏后试样的微观结构。结果表明,水胶比和钢渣粉掺量均可明显影响PVA纤维增强钢渣粉-水泥基复合材料的基本力学性能,在低水胶比条件下（水胶比为0.25）,钢渣粉掺量达到80wt%时,试样表现出较高的韧性指数和良好的裂缝控制能力,基本满足工程所需强度要求,水胶比为0.35时钢渣掺量不宜超过60wt%;同时,从节能减排的角度考虑,利用钢渣粉制备PVA纤维增强钢渣粉-水泥基复合材料是可行的。      

紫金山金铜矿靠帮高陡边坡爆破减震研究

为确保紫金山露天矿高陡靠帮边坡的稳定性,对临近边帮的上部1012北平台爆破进行了爆破减振研究.根据紫金山露天矿实际情况及岩石物理力学性质,首先提出了减振控爆设计方案.然后,根据孔壁初始冲击压力与岩石强度关系及爆生气体形成的静态应力场,得出了预裂爆破不耦合系数和炮孔间距关系式,并分析了炮孔直径等其它预裂孔及主炮孔和缓冲孔...     

一维大行程高分辨率纳米定位平台的设计与性能测试

设计了一种大行程、高分辨率的一维纳米定位平台,并进行了性能测试．该平台采用差动杠杆原理和柔性铰链,运用两个压电陶瓷叠堆致动器驱动．对柔性铰链平台建模,通过材料力学及结构振动微分方程等相关知识,对柔性铰链微动平台的刚度、输入反作用力、放大倍数等参数进行了分析,得到平台结构参数对平台性能的影响,并结合有限元分析软件,确定了微动工作台参数;最后建立了实验系统,对微驱动定位系统的输出行程、分辨率性能进行了测试．实验结果表明,所设计的微驱动定位系统的行程达到240μm,分辨率达到10nm,外形尺寸80mm×60mm×20mm．可用于大行程高分辨率微动定位．     

Inhibition of hIAPP Amyloid Aggregation and Pancreatic β‐Cell Toxicity by OH‐Terminated PAMAM Dendrimer

Human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP, or amylin) forms amyloid deposits in the islets of Langerhans, a phenomenon that is associated with type‐2 diabetes impacting millions of people worldwide. Accordingly, strategies against hIAPP aggregation are essential for the prevention and eventual treatment of the disease. Here, it is shown that generation‐3 OH‐terminated poly(amidoamine) dendrimer, a polymeric nanoparticle, can effectively halt the aggregation of hIAPP and shut down hIAPP toxicity in pancreatic MIN6 and NIT‐1 cells as well as in mouse islets. This finding is supported by high‐throughput dynamic light scattering experiment and thioflavin T assay, where the rapid evolution of hIAPP nucleation and elongation processes is halted by the addition of the dendrimer up to 8 h. Discrete molecular dynamics simulations further reveal that hIAPP residues bound strongly with the dendrimer near the c‐terminal portion of the peptide, where the amyloidogenic sequence (residues 22–29) locates. Furthermore, simulations of hIAPP dimerization reveal that binding with the dendrimer significantly reduces formation of interpeptide contacts and hydrogen bonds, thereby prohibiting peptide self‐association and amyloidosis. This study points to a promising nanomedicinal strategy for combating type‐2 diabetes and may have broader implications for targeting neurological disorders whose distinct hallmark is also amyloid fibrillation.     

高拱坝施工实时控制系统集成理论与应用

针对高拱坝施工过程具有很强的复杂性和随机性的特征,提出将系统集成理论应用于高拱坝施工实时控制中,设计了高拱坝施工实时控制系统集成框架,从数据信息集成、应用功能集成、技术方法集成和监控指标集成4个方面详细论述了系统集成的实现过程,并研制开发了网络平台下的高拱坝施工实时控制系统。工程应用实例表明,基于系统集成理论构建的高拱坝施工实时控制系统能对高拱坝施工过程实现动态的集成控制与分析,有效地提高了大坝建设管理水平。     

Multilayer PZT 95/5 Antiferroelectric Film Energy Storage Devices with Giant Power Density

A new type of energy storage devices utilizing multilayer Pb(Zr_0.95Ti_0.05)_0.98Nb_0.02O₃ films is studied experimentally and numerically. To release the stored energy, the multilayer ferroelectric structures are subjected to adiabatic compression perpendicular to the polarization direction. Obtained results indicate that electrical interference between layers (10–120 layers) during stress wave transit through the structures has an effect on the generated current waveforms, but no impact on the released electric charge. The multilayer films undergo a pressure‐induced phase transition to antiferroelectric phase at 1.7 GPa adiabatic compression and become completely depolarized, releasing surface screening charge with density equal to their remnant polarization. An energy density of 3 J cm^?3 is successfully achieved with giant power density on the order of 2 MW cm^?3, which is four orders of magnitude higher than that of any other type of energy storage device. The outputs of multilayer structures can be precisely controlled by the parameters of the ferroelectric layer and the number of layers. Multilayer film modules with a volume of 0.7 cm³ are capable of producing 2.4 kA current, not achievable in electrochemical capacitors or batteries, which will greatly enhance the miniaturization and integration requirements for emerging high‐power applications.     

均匀化处理对新型Al-Zn-Mg-Cu铝合金组织及锻造性能的影响

采用扫描电镜观察(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、高温拉伸性能和高温冲击性能测试等方法,研究了不同均匀化处理工艺对一种采用常规半连续铸造方法生产的新型Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金组织和锻造性能的影响。结果表明:随均匀化温度的升高,合金铸锭中的枝晶组织及难溶非平衡共晶相逐渐溶入基体中;当均匀化温度低于450℃时,基体中仍残留部分枝晶组织,并且合金的工艺塑性偏低;当均匀化温度达到470℃时,枝晶组织充分回溶到基体中,使铸锭获得最优的工艺塑性。铸锭经470℃/36h均匀化处理后,通过工艺塑性实验确定合金在380~430℃之间具有良好的锻造性能。根据以上实验结果,确定该新型Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金的均匀化处理工艺为470℃/36h;锻造温度为380~430℃。     

基于改进HHT分析车轮椭圆化对高速列车时频特征的影响

研究车轮椭圆化对高速列车时频特征的影响问题。建立车辆/轨道空间耦合模型,模拟计算了高速车轮椭圆化和轨道谐波不平顺共同激励下车辆系统的动力响应。将一种基于改进经验模态分解的希尔伯特-黄变换方法应用于车辆/轨道耦合系统的振动信号分析中,计算分析了动力响应的时频分布和振动能量分布。结果表明：车轮椭圆化会引起车辆系统振动响应的频率调制,车辆系统蛇形运动和振动能量分布的非线性变化。