Lignan contents in sesame seeds and products

Sesame seed (Sesamum indicum L.) is a rich source of furofuran lignans with a wide range of potential biological activities. The major lignans in sesame seeds are the oil‐soluble sesamin and sesamolin, as well as glucosides of sesaminol and sesamolinol that reside in the defatted sesame flour. Upon refining of sesame oil, acid‐catalyzed transformation of sesamin to episesamin and of sesamolin to epimeric sesaminols takes place, making the profile of refined sesame oils different from that of virgin oils. In this study, the total lignan content of 14 sesame seeds ranged between 405 and 1178 mg/100 g and the total lignan content in 14 different products, including tahini, ranged between 11 and 763 mg/100 g. The content of sesamin and sesamolin in ten commercial virgin and roasted sesame oils was in the range of 444–1601 mg/100 g oil. In five refined sesame oils, sesamin ranged between 118 and 401 mg/100 g seed, episesamin between 12 and 206 mg/100 g seed, and the total contents of sesaminol epimers between 5 and 35 mg/100 g seed, and no sesamolin was found. Thus, there is a great variation in the types and amounts of lignans in sesame seeds, seed products and oils. This knowledge is important for nutritionists working on resolving the connection between diet and health. Since the consumption of sesame seed products is increasing steadily in Europe and USA, it is important to include sesame seed lignans in databases and studies pertinent to the nutritional significance of antioxidants and phytoestrogens. It is also important to differentiate between virgin, roasted and refined sesame oils.     

农作物秸秆增强氟石膏复合材料的微观结构研究

将玉米秸秆加入改性后的氟石膏中，研究改性剂、玉米秸秆对氟石膏复合材料结构性能的影响；并用苯丙乳液对玉米秸秆纤维进行表面处理，用以改善基体材料和增强材料的界面结合状况，由此显著提高制品性能。     

Composition of organic and conventionally produced sunflower seed oil

The aim of the present study was to highlight the main differences between seed oils produced from conventionally cultivated crops and organically cultivated ones and processed using mild extraction procedures. The composition and the nutritional and health aspects of both types of sunflower seed oils were compared and were analytically tested to determine the macroscopic differences in proximate composition, the main differences in the minor components, the main quality parameters, the in vitro antioxidant activity, and the presence of trans-ethylene steroisomers in FA. No significant trends were found in the oil samples for TAG and FA composition, but remarkable differences were found in the composition of minor components and in the main chemical and analytical quality properties. The organically grown samples had a higher total antioxidant activity compared with the conventional samples. Trans FA were found only in the conventional oils.     

Vero细胞森林脑炎疫苗毒种的选育及其生物学特性检测

目的选育Vero细胞森林脑炎疫苗适应毒种。方法将森林脑炎疫苗鼠脑病毒“森张”株在Vero细胞上连续传代适应,并对不同代次收获的病毒液的病毒滴度、免疫原性、稳定性等进行检测。结果“森张”株病毒在Vero细胞上传代适应后,病毒滴度达8·5LgLD50/ml;免疫血清中和抗体效价高于1∶20,其它检测项目均符合疫苗生产用毒种的要求。结论Vero细胞适应的“森张”株毒种的初步特性显示可作为制备Vero细胞森林脑炎疫苗用毒种。     

黄荆提取物对几种害虫的杀虫活性

研究了黄荆种子二氯甲烷提取物对5种害虫的杀虫活性以及对天敌异色瓢虫的安全性。结果表明：黄荆提取物对菜青虫、小菜蛾、麦长管蚜和桃蚜都有较高的杀虫活性，尤其是对菜青虫的活性最高，稀释100倍，处理4龄幼虫死亡率可达93．3％。但对大猿叶甲的杀虫活性则很低。黄荆提取物对异色瓢虫幼虫有一定的杀虫活性，但对其成虫无任何影响。本研究结果为开发利用这一新的杀虫植物资源提供了依据。     

羧基偏氯乙烯丁苯胶乳粒子的相态结构和应用性能

以过硫酸铵为引发剂，十二烷基硫酸钠为乳化剂，采用种子聚合工艺，合成了偏氯乙烯质量分数为２３％～４３％的羧基偏氯乙烯丁苯胶乳。通过电镜观察到所合成的胶乳粒子具有核－壳结构。通过测定胶闰子表面层的羧基数量，研究了羧基的分布，结果表明，羧酸种类对羧基在胶乳粒子中及在聚合体系中的分布有重要影响，该胶乳作为地毯背衬粘合剂，具有粘合力高，极限氧指数高的特点，是一种较好的阻燃性粘合剂。     

口令重用行为与多维口令体系研究

互联网的迅速发展与网络服务的高度分散,促使广大网民不断注册更多的账户,并导致口令重用行为普遍化,使得用户信息面临泄露的风险。为此,基于2011年底互联网泄密门数据和大学生在线调查数据,分析了网民口令的结构特征和重用行为,并由此设计融入信息维度和分级管理思想的多维口令体系。该体系以根口令-重用码结构为基础,内容维包含多个独立的信息因子,构成口令的可记忆性主体;形式维负责形式变换,以提升口令的复杂性和安全性;时空维用于保障口令的时效性和重用性。对比量化分析结果表明,该口令体系具备良好的记忆性和便捷性,能有效抵御暴力攻击和熟人攻击。     

Effect of randomization on the oxidative stability of corn oil

Randomized corn oil TAG oxidized much faster than natural oil, but after purification with alumina, they oxidized at the same rate. We showed that this effect could not be attributed to a difference, in total tocopherols in the randomized and natural oils. Polar material recovered from the alumina treatment was fractionated by TLC, and a pro-oxidant effect was found in the fractions containing MAG and DAG. However, MAG and DAG, although mild pro-oxidant could not account for the pro-oxidant effect generated by randomization. No other compounds could be detected in the MAG fraction by MS. The pro-oxidant effect of randomized oil disappeared when EDTA or citric acid was added in sufficient amounts. The pro-oxidant effect of randomized corn oil was increased by the incorporation of additional copper or iron at a concentration that did not catalyze oxidation of the purified oil. Treatment of corn oil with ascorbic acid, ascorbyl-6-palmitate, ethyl acetoacetate, ethyl diacetoacetate, and acetylacetone did not reproduce the effect of the unknown pro-oxidant. Although the identity of the pro-oxidant is still unknown, we have confirmed that it is produced during randomization; it does not have pro-oxidant activity alone, but it facilitates the catalytic activity of the transition metal ions.     

中空聚合物微球的制备Ⅲ.种子扩径的影响

以预乳化液连续滴加进料的三段乳液聚合结合碱酸溶胀处理制备了单分散性良好、大粒径的聚(甲基丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯)/聚(甲基丙烯酸-苯乙烯)中空聚合物微球。实验发现,在二段乳液聚合种子扩径中,种子乳胶粒数目、乳化剂用量、预乳化液滴加时间等对避免新乳胶粒的生成、扩大种子乳胶粒的粒径有影响,并找到了各自的较优值;扩径单体中的丙烯酸丁酯含量显著影响扩径乳胶粒聚合物的玻璃化温度,进而决定碱酸处理温度。     

Tocopherol oil concentration in field-grown sunflower is accounted for by oil weight per seed

Tocopherols are natural antioxidants that increase the stability of fat-containing foods and perform important biological activities. Significant variations (389 to 1873 μg g oil⁻¹) in the total tocopherol concentration of sunflower seed oil have been reported. The main objectives of this work were to determine the influence of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation on tocopherol concentration during seed filling and to establish and validate relationships between tocopherol concentration in oil and other quality variables of the seed. Seven sunflower hybrids were grown under good water and nutritional conditions in two similar experiments carried out in two contrasting environments. Treatments were applied to modify the amount of radiation intercepted per plant during seed filling in order to obtain a range in oil yield per plant and its components. Greater per plant intercepted radiation decreased the tocopherol concentration in oil. Tocopherol concentration decreased when oil weight per seed increased. Tocopherol concentration stabilized for oil weight per seed higher than 23 mg oil seed⁻¹. This exponential relationship accounted for 73% of the variability in tocopherol concentration (507 to 1203 μg g oil⁻¹) despite differences in hull type, locations, hybrids, and radiation treatments. The proposed relationship acceptably predicted independent results. Crop management techniques could lead to seeds with greater concentrations of tocopherols.