液力变矩器扭转动态特性分析及试验辨识

通过理论分析建立了液力变矩器的分段线性化扭振计算模型,并对其进行了简化.采用实验参数辨识的方法,借助Matlab/Ident工具箱,得到了系统的频率特性,通过逐段线性化方法,确定了系统的参数模型,从而确定了模型中的阻尼参数.通过曲线拟合得到了阻尼随转速比的变化曲线.为了验证辨识精度,取转矩为输入量,转速为输出量,利用Matlab/Ident工具箱比较了辨识和试验的输出结果,表明所建立的模型是准确的,辨识得到的阻尼值具有一定的精度.     

聚乙烯粉末在流化床干燥器内的流化特性的研究

在φ146 mm×8 mm 的耐热玻璃制流化床干燥器内,以聚乙烯粉末体为实验物料,细河沙和球形硅胶为对比物料,测定了三种物料在三种不同填充高度的流化现象,流化开始前的压降,流化曲线及临界流化速度,浓相区及稀相区高度,考察了上述各项的影响因素,提出了操作条件下的实验准数关联式.探讨了粉末状颗粒在流化过程中形成“颗粒群”而又能迅速解体这一特点,为聚乙烯粉末体的流化干燥及流化干燥器设计提供流体力学参数.     

有限深水中沉井的水动力计算

本文提出用特征函数展开和匹配方法计算圆筒形沉井在有限深水中的流体动力系数,其中包括垂荡、纵荡(横荡)、纵摇(横摇)及纵荡与纵摇(横荡与横摇)偶合的附加质量和阻尼系数。用文中推导的公式编制的计算程序,对已发表的有三维源汇分布法计算和实验结果的例子的计算表明本方法有效。本方法的优点是计算速度大大快于其它数值方法,而且计算结果准确。文中对一些形状的沉井进行了计算,得到了其水动力系数的若干变化规律。本文对海洋工程中沉井这一结构物在波浪中的运动估算和结构设计提供了有效手段。     

不同雷诺数下水平桩柱的水动力待征

本文介绍了均匀振荡流中光滑水平桩柱上水动力特征的试验研究.试验中,雷诺数Re=20000～260000(该区域为亚临界区与临界区),Kc=5～40.分析中,利用最小二乘法来确定Morison方程中的速度力系数C_(?)及惯性力系数C_M;还利用最大值法及均方根值法对合力系数C_F与升力系数C_L进行分析,所有的正向力与升力系数都作为Re及Kc数的函数给出,并且各系数相对于其平均值的均方差值也在图中示出.其主要研究成果如下:当Re≥80000时,所有的水动力系数(包括C_D、C_M,C_F与C_L),几乎与雷诺数Re无关,且各系数均随Kc数的逐渐增加而趋向于不同的常数;当Re<80000时,速度力系数C_D随Re数的增大而减小,而惯性力系数C_M随Re数的增大而增大.     

Developments in engine bearing design

Some of the important recent developments in engine bearing design techniques are highlighted. The availability of increased computing power has enabled more realistic assumptions about bearing conditions to be considered; these include oil feed features, oil film history, non-circular bearings, inertia effects due to journal centre movement, improved prediction of main bearing loads, flexible housings and special bearings. References to these advances are made, together with illustrations of how they affect predicted bearing performance. Experimental evidence is also being obtained, which helps to verify and give confidence in the analytical predictions     

Organised structures in wall turbulence as deduced from stability theory-based methods

In earlier work, we have explored the relevance of hydrodynamic stability theory to fully developed turbulent wall flows. Using an extended Orr-Sommerfeld Equation, based on an anisotropic eddy-viscosity model, it was shown that there exists a wide range of unstable wave numbers (wall modes), which mimic some of the key features of turbulent wall flows. Here we present experimental confirmation for the same. There is good qualitative and quantitative agreement between theory and experiment. Once the dominant coherent structure is obtained from stability theory, control of turbulence would be the next logical step. As shown, the use of a compliant wall shows considerable promise. We also present some theoretical work for bypass transition (Klebanoff/K-modes), wherein the receptivity of a laminar boundary layer to a vortex sheet in the freestream has been studied. Further, it is shown that triadic interaction between K-modes, 2D TS waves and 3D TS waves can lead to rapid algebraic growth. A similar mechanism seems to carry over to inner wall structures in wall turbulence and perhaps this is the “root cause” for sustenance of turbulence.     

Unsteady Natural Convection Fluid Flow in a Vertical Microchannel under the Effect of the Dual-Phase-Lag Heat-Conduction Model

The unsteady hydrodynamics and thermal behavior of fluid flow in an open-ended vertical parallel-plate microchannel are investigated semi-analytically under the effect of the dual-phase-lag heat conduction model. The model that combines both the continuum approach and the possibility of slip at the boundary is adopted in the study. The effects of the Knudsen number Kn, the thermal relaxation time τ _q , and the thermal retardation time τ _T on the microchannel hydrodynamics and thermal behavior are investigated using the dual-phase-lag and hyperbolic-heat-conduction models. It is found that as Kn increases the slip in the hydrodynamic and thermal boundary condition increases. Also, the slip in the hydrodynamic behavior increases as τ _T and τ _q decrease, but the effect of τ _T and τ _q on the slip of the thermal behavior is insignificant.     

基于水动力的典型矿山泥石流运动模式研究

"4·20"芦山地震导致人工堆积矿渣更加破碎,位于震区的石棉县后沟属于典型的矿山泥石流易发区,其泥石流运动模式与所在流域的地形条件、水文条件、物源条件密切相关。由于人为泥石流和自然泥石流在运动模式上存在差异,因此本文从地形、水文、静动力及物源4个条件入手,以石棉县后沟为例,详细论述矿山泥石流的运动模式。研究结果表明,后沟泥石流的运动过程模式包含了初期降雨降低废弃矿渣稳定性、持续降雨侵蚀矿渣坡面、雨水汇集形成洪流起动沟道矿渣、高含矿渣洪流裹挟运移起动泥石流、沿途侵蚀矿渣加强了泥石流规模等5个方面。     

城市暴雨管理模型应用研究进展

回顾了城市暴雨管理模型SWMM的发展过程,着重分析了模型开发关注的重点问题:子流域划分尺度、模型参数的选取和设定、参数不确定性及灵敏度分析、参数的率定、模型结构的不确定性分析、模型开发与耦合等,对模型在水文过程模拟、水动力过程模拟、水质过程模拟3个方面的应用进行了评述,并对模型未来的优化应用和开发提出了建议和展望。     

鄱阳湖水动力模型的遥感验证研究

应用湖泊水动力模型EFDC模拟了鄱阳湖2009-2011年的水动力过程。结果表明:模拟日平均水位及流量与水文站观测结果基本一致,相关系数达到0.94以上。针对现场观测数据单一匮乏的问题,借助遥感手段较为全面地验证分析了模型的实用性。通过雷达高度计ENVISAT RA-2和MODIS影像获取的水位、水体面积及淹水范围与模拟结果相关性较好,相关系数均达到0.83以上,证明该模型能够有效地揭示鄱阳湖高动态变化的水动力特征。此外,遥感手段也为模型的多角度长期验证提供了技术依据。