喷射式并流填料塔板流体力学和传质性能

提出一种新型高效塔板——喷射式并流填料塔板（ＪＣＰＴ）,介绍１２００ｍｍ冷模塔流体力学实验结果和２００ｍｍ热模塔传质效率,给出了适用于工业设计性能参数的计算关联式。通过与新垂直筛板（ＮＶＳＴ）的比较表明,ＪＣＰＴ具有雾沫夹带小、处理能力大、塔板效率高等特点,是一种具有广泛应用前景的新型高效塔板。     

Spreading of point-source liquid spills in a thin rectangular packed bed under simulated marine conditions

Two-dimensional visualizations of point-source liquid spills in porous media were performed in a flat rectangular packed bed, emplaced on a robotized hexapod, to emulate roll/pitch marine oscillations. The extent to which the directional modulation of liquid gravity and the moving-bed inertial forces affect the liquid spills was the study's central aim. Spill morphology deviations were dictated by gravity force oscillations, while Coriolis/Euler/centrifugal forces were confined to secondary roles. Multiple gravity-driven liquid branching with departures from the longitudinal direction, not only boosted wetting but also symmetrized the developing spills while suppressing the wall-biased liquid influx, which impaired inclined beds. Wetting exhibited asymmetric sigmoidal deceleratory transients, reminiscent of many physicochemical transformations with skewed activation energy distribution. The parameters describing the dispersive kinetics and allied activation energy distribution of wetting—analogized to a phase change transition—were interpreted in terms of hexapod kinematic parameters.     

脉动条件下旋流场内气液两相流流型及其转变机理

运用高速摄像技术对流量脉动条件下旋流分离器内气泡动力学行为及气液两相流流型展开研究。研究发现,在完整脉动周期内,流量在3.62~4.18 m³/h范围内波动,流量增大段的气核整体向溢流口方向运移,流量减小段的气核整体向底流口方向运移,气核大小及形态变化呈现周期往复性。通过脉动周期内特殊帧的分析,得出流量脉动条件下旋流场内气液两相流流型主要包括：气泡流、塞状流、弹状流、丝状流及波状流等五种形式。根据实验得出的气液两相折算速度,确定了脉动条件下气液两相流流型转换界限图,而气泡间的聚并破碎行为是产生气液两相流型的主要原因,最终构建了表征截面含气量和分离效率之间关系的评价模型。     

中厚板管层流淬火控冷系统水动力学模型

利用水动力学伯努利方程和连续性方程，推导了中厚板管层流淬火与控冷系统水力学性能和结构参数之间关系式。结构参数有水箱高度、管道内径和长度、阻尼孔径和孔数、喷管直径和个数等；性能参数有系统最大流量与最小流量、射流冲击力、射流冲击区直径、射流密实高度、射流不断流长度等。增大集管阻尼和提高水箱高度，是提高喷水均匀性的有效方法。     

优化内螺纹管在低质量流速直流锅炉设计中的应用

为解决传统UP炉存在的水冷壁热敏感性强、调峰能力受限制、锅炉运行安全性差等问题，姚孟发电有限责任公司1号锅炉水冷壁改造采用低质量流速设计，使用优化内螺纹管作传热元件，使运行中的水冷壁具有很适的正流量响应能力。这种特性使垂直管水冷壁具有很好的抗热偏差能力，全负荷范围内水动力稳定，并满足机组滑压运行要求。这种低质量流速设计开创了直流锅炉水动力设计的新理念，也为国产UP炉改造提供了新思路。     

Coupled DEM-SPH simulations of wet continuous screening

During screening, a liquid stream, besides the vibration, can be applied for the acceleration of the separation. The discrete element method coupled with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (DEM-SPH) is used to numerically analyse wet continuous screening here. Within the applied DEM-SPH a new simple model for the representation of the screening surface is suggested in this study. In this model, the influence of the screening surface on the fluid is represented using external forces, which act on the SPH particles in close vicinity of the screen. A required validation of the DEM-SPH method for the analysis of a vibrated particle-laden system is performed by comparing obtained DEM-SPH results with the results derived using the DEM coupled with finite volume method. The performed simulations of dry and wet continuous screening demonstrate that flowing water, in most simulated cases, accelerates the separation of particles. The presented study demonstrates the potential of the coupled DEM-SPH method for the analysis of wet screening processes. To our best knowledge, the simulation of wet screening using a two-way coupled numerical DEM-SPH approach not resolving the flow around individual particles is demonstrated in the scientific literature for the first time.     

Hydrodynamics study of a fast liquid–liquid oxidation process with in situ gas production in microreactors

Hydrodynamics characteristics of a fast and highly exothermic liquid–liquid oxidation process with in situ gas production in microreactors were studied using a newly developed experimental method. In the adipic acid synthesis through the K/A oil (the mixture of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone) oxidation with nitric acid, bubble generation modes were divided into four categories. The gas production became more intensive, unstable, even explosive with increasing the oil phase feed rate and the temperature. A novel automatic image processing method was developed to monitor the instantaneous velocity online by tracking the gas–liquid interface. The axial velocity at the same location was unstable due to the changing gas production rate. Furthermore, the actual residence time was obtained easily with being only 36% of the space–time minimally, beneficial for establishing accurate kinetics and mass transfer models with time participation. Finally, an empirical correlation was developed to predict the actual residence time under different conditions.     

Size dependent buckling analysis of nano sandwich beams by two schemes

Abstract

Within the framework of Timoshenko beam theory, the buckling of nano sandwich beams is developed. The material properties are assumed to vary arbitrarily in both axial and thickness directions. These types of beams are referred to as bi-directional functionally graded (BDFG) beams. Two types of nano sandwich beams with different material distribution patterns and immovable supports are considered. Since the size effects play a significant role in mechanical behavior of nanostructures, the small-scale effects are captured by Eringen’s nonlocal theory of elasticity. The governing equations are derived using the variational formulation. Symmetric smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SSPH) and the Galerkin method are adopted as numerical solution approaches. As a truly meshless method, the convergence of the SSPH technique mainly depends on the smoothing length value and distribution of particles in the compact support domain of the kernel function. The Revised Super Gauss Function is used as the kernel function and an optimum value for the smoothing length that bears the fastest convergence rate is obtained. The solution methods are verified through benchmark problems found in the literature. Numerical and illustrative results show that various parameters, including the aspect ratio, nonlocal parameter, gradient indexes, and cross-sectional types have significant effects on the buckling responses of BDFG nano sandwich beams.