Sufficient Utilization of Mn2+/Mn3+/Mn4+ Redox in NASICON Phosphate Cathodes towards High-Energy Na-Ions Batteries

Na superionic conductor of Na₃MnTi(PO₄)₃ only containing high earth-abundance elements is regarded as one of the most promising cathodes for the applicable Na-ion batteries due to its desirable cycling stability and high safety. However, the voltage hysteresis caused by Mn²⁺ ions resided in Na⁺ vacancies has led to significant capacity loss associated with Mn reaction centers between 2.5–4.2 V. Herein, the sodium excess strategy based on charge compensation is applied to suppress the undesirable voltage hysteresis, thereby achieving sufficient utilization of the Mn²⁺/Mn³⁺ and Mn³⁺/Mn⁴⁺ redox couples. These findings indicate that the sodium excess Na_3.5MnTi_0.5Ti_0.5(PO₄)₃ cathode with Ti⁴⁺ reduction has a lowest Mn²⁺ occupation on the Na⁺ vacancies in its initial composition, which can improve the kinetics properties, finally contributing to a suppressed voltage hysteresis. Based on these findings, it is further applied the sodium excess route on a Mn-richer phosphate cathode, which enables the suppressed voltage hysteresis and more reversible capacity. Consequently, this developed Na_3.6Mn_1.15Ti_0.85(PO₄)₃ cathode achieved a high energy density over 380 Wh kg⁻¹ (based on active substance mass of cathode) in full-cell configurations, which is not only superior to most of the phosphate cathodes, but also delivers more application potential than the typical oxides cathodes for Na-ion batteries.     

在DWCS中的位置和方向辅助切换算法

DWCS(分布式无线通信系统)中的切换可分成两类:单天线切换和天线组切换。对选择固定虚拟小区大小方式的DWCS系统,天线组切换方式有较好的性能。为进一步提高切换的性能,一种位置和方向信息辅助的切换算法被提出,而且经过仿真研究其在不同定位精度下的性能,发现在20m以内精度下,该算法将能保持良好的稳定性,从而保证了其在DWCS中的可行性。     

Effective Periodic Poling in Optical Fibers

The distributions of electric field and induced second‐order nonlinearity are analyzed in the periodic poling of optical fibers. A quasi‐phase matching efficiency for the induced nonlinearity is calculated in terms of both the electrode separation distance between the applied voltage and generalized electrode width for the periodic poling. Our analysis of the quasi‐phase matching efficiency implies that the conversion efficiency can be enhanced through adjusting the separation distance, and the electrode width can be maximized if the electrode width is optimized.     

光纤陀螺零偏和标度因数补偿算法

研究了光纤陀螺的输出特性,对光纤陀螺的各种输出模型、零偏和标度因数温度模型、开环光纤陀螺(OFOG)标度因数非线性模型进行了探讨,并通过仿真和实验,比较说明了各种温度模型、非线性模型的补偿效果,对工程应用具有指导作用.     

Switch-controllable dual-hysteresis mode bistable multivibrator employing single differential voltage current conveyor

This paper introduces a simple switch-controllable bistable multivibrator with dual hysteresis modes. The proposed configuration comprises a single differential voltage current conveyor (DVCC) as a main active building block with two external resistors. Both clockwise and counter-clockwise hysteresis operations can be performed using the same topology. The upper and lower threshold voltages of the bistable multivibrator can be adjusted using external passive elements. The operation of the circuit is described in detail with a discussion of the non-ideal effects and other considerations in the design of the proposed circuit. To demonstrate the feasibility of the circuit, researchers built a prototype using commercially available ICs and discrete components. Simulation results and experimental records are presented to confirm the theoretical analysis.     

正五阶非线性下啁啾超短脉冲相互作用的研究

基于包含五阶复系数的高阶Ginzburg—Landau方程为模型,采用分步傅立叶方法数值研究了正五阶非线性作用下啁啾超短脉冲间的相互作用,结果表明:正、负五阶非线性对啁啾超短脉冲的影响并不相同,正五阶非线性作用下其相互作用更为严重,这对光通信系统是非常有害的。利用不等振幅法对啁啾超短脉冲间的相互作用进行有效的抑制。当相邻孤子的初始间距为6.8,正五阶非线性参数为+0.001,振幅比为1.2:1时,可以实现2个孤子长距离的保型传输。最后讨论了正五阶非线性作用下多孤子之间的相互作用及抑制。     

磁悬浮系统动力学参数的开环辨识

针对磁悬浮系统的本质非线性，提出了基于试验研究的一种实用的动力学模型开环辨识方法，它能在完全不知系统物理参数的前提下，较好地辨识磁悬浮系统的动力学方程中的参数，据此设计的控制器可以对磁悬浮系统的稳定悬浮进行有效的控制。辨识的结果可直接用于某些场合下磁悬浮系统的运动控制，也可以在此基础上进行更为精确的在线辨识。     

The Interesting Influence of Nanosprings on the Viscoelasticity of Elastomeric Polymer Materials: Simulation and Experiment

Among all carbon nanostructured materials, helical nanosprings or nanocoils have attracted particular interest as a result of their special mechanical behavior. Here, carbon nanosprings are used to adjust the viscoelasticity and reduce the resulting hysteresis loss (HL) of elastomeric polymer materials. Two types of nanospring‐filled elastomer composites are constructed as follows: system I is obtained by directly blending polymer chains with nanosprings; system II is composed of the self‐assembly of a tri‐block structure such as chain‐nanospring‐chain. Coarse‐grained molecular dynamics simulations show that the incorporation of nanosprings can improve the mechanical strength of the elastomer matrix through nanoreinforcement and considerably decrease the hysteresis loss. This finding is significant for reducing fuel consumption and improving fuel efficiency in the automobile tire industry. Furthermore, it is revealed that the spring constant of nanosprings and the interfacial chemical coupling between chains and nanosprings both play crucial roles in adjusting the viscoelasticity of elastomers. It is inferred that elastomer/carbon nanostructured materials with good flexibility and reversible mechanical response (carbon nanosprings, nanocoils, nanorings, and thin graphene sheets) have both excellent mechanical and low HL properties; this may open a new avenue for fabrication of high performance automobile tires and facilitate the large‐scale industrial application of these materials.     

脉冲功率电容器用PbLa(ZrTi)O_3陶瓷性能研究

采用固相反应法制备了Pb0.96La0.06(Zr1-xTix)O3陶瓷,研究了Ti含量对所制陶瓷的电性能和储能特性的影响。结果表明,PbLa(ZrTi)O3陶瓷介电常数与电场强度呈非线性变化关系。当Ti含量x为0.08时,所测电滞回线细长狭窄,并呈下凹趋势,此时极化强度为22.18×10–6 C/cm2,储能密度为1.06 J/cm3。通过流延法制备的脉冲功率电容器击穿电压可大幅度提升,储能密度达1.95 J/cm3,具有高能量转换效率。     

Ionically Mediated Mechanical Deformation Associated with Memristive Switching

Ionically mediated phenomena underpin the functioning of various devices, including batteries, solid oxide fuel cells, memristors, and neuromorphic devices. The ionic behavior corresponding to ionically mediated phenomena causes not only variations in the electrical properties but also mechanical deformation, which is crucial for device reliability. However, the interrelation between ionically mediated electrical properties and mechanical deformation has not been elucidated yet. This study investigates ionically mediated mechanical deformation accompanied by memristive switching in a TiO₂ single crystal through simultaneous conductive atomic force microscopy and electrochemical strain microscopy. A comprehensive analysis indicates the existence of a relationship between mechanical deformation and memristive switching based on the ionic behavior. Furthermore, an ionic state variable is used to simplify the interrelation between the electrochemical strain hysteresis and memristive switching associated with applied voltage. This study provides insights on the ionic behavior and can be extended to other systems for the general analysis of the relationship between mechanical deformation and electrical properties.