Changes in intracellular sodium and potassium in chemostat-cultivated Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli was continuously cultivated at constant dilution rate for a range of agitation rates, and at constant agitation rate over a range of dilution rates. Mean cell volume increased linearly both with increase in agitation rate (as we have previously found) and with increase in dilution rate. In each case, measurement of intracellular sodium and potassium content after rapid separation of cells from the medium by centrifugation through silicone oil showed these to increase as the mean cell volume increased. In absolute terms, the increase in sodium or potassium per unit cell volume was significantly greater for changes in agitation rate than for changes in dilution rate.     

A PIV study of hydrodynamics in gas-liquid high throughput experimentation (HTE) reactors with eccentric impeller configurations

High-throughput experimentation (HTE) is used for the screening of novel catalyst formulations via miniature agitated gas-liquid reactors with vessel volumes of an order of magnitude below the laboratory scale. An investigation of the macroscopic hydrodynamic performance of a miniaturised unbaffled stirred vessel of diameter 45 mm for an air-water system has been carried out at gassing rates of 0.25 and 0.5 vvm (dispersed flow regime) using particle image velocimetry (PIV). Measurements of bubble size and gas hold-up were also made. Eccentric agitation was employed as a means of breaking solid body rotation within the vessel, using a 6-blade, up-pumping pitched blade turbine. The gas phase was introduced via sintered glass panel spargers mounted in the vessel base. Two different configurations were used: firstly where the sparger located directly below the impeller, and secondly where the sparger was located opposite the impeller on the other side of the vessel. Measured distributions of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) for both gassed configurations were similar and showed significant differences to the ungassed case. Estimates of the gas-liquid interfacial area were at least 2-3 times higher than those found in conventional, lab-scale baffled vessels; this was attributed to the creation of very small bubbles at the sparger ().     

Investigation into the Interaction of Centrifugal Compressor Impeller and Vaneless Diffuser

Theinteractionofcentrifugalcompressorim pelleranddiffusertakesgreateffectontheperfor manceofcentrifugalcompressor.Researchresults showthatwhentheairflowoutoftheimpellerflows throughthediffuser,theefficiencyofthecompressor maydecreaseby10%orso.Soitcanbeofg…     

低比转速叶轮内部流动的数值计算

为了解复合叶轮内部流动特性,采用雷诺时均Navier-Stokes方程和Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型对4长叶片的普通叶轮和4长4中8短16叶片的复合叶轮内部流动进行了数值模拟,得到了设计工况下两种叶轮内部流场分布,分析了中、短分流叶片对叶轮内部流场的影响。计算结果表明:采用长、中、短叶片设计的复合叶轮可以改善流道内流场分布,提高长叶片吸力面压力,有效地阻止液流的脱流,复合叶轮可以获得更高的静压差,有效地提高了离心泵的扬程。     

铸造单级双吸离心泵叶轮出水口变宽机理的研究

针对公司生产的KPS型单级双吸离心泵铸铁叶轮出水口普遍变宽的现象．在收集统计生产数据的基础上,对叶轮出水口变宽的原因及其产生的机理进行了分析和探讨,并提出了解决问题的方案。为稳定泵产品的性能提供改进依据。     

超高速离心叶轮中固体颗粒运动轨迹的数值模拟与分析

为解决和预测固体颗粒对超高速离心叶轮的冲击磨损问题,以多相流理论为基础,采用了雷诺应力模型结合颗粒轨道模型的方法,通过对超高速离心叶轮内气固两相湍流场的计算,得到了颗粒在叶轮中的运动轨迹;并用CFX对不同粒径的固体颗粒在超高速离心叶轮内部流场中的运动轨迹进行了数值模拟。模拟结果与已有实验结果吻合,说明采用雷诺应力湍流模型能准确描述超高速离心叶轮中固体颗粒的运动轨迹。     

小流量离心叶轮内部流动分析及其叶片扩压器的设计

对石化工业中使用的出口相对宽度为0．036小流量离心压缩机叶轮进行数值研究,并进行叶片扩压器设计。在扩压器叶片型线确定后,改变扩压器的叶片数,对不同叶片数下“叶轮＋扩压器”级性能进行计算流体动力学分析。结果表明：对小流量离心叶轮性能起主要影响的是叶轮内的摩擦损失,随着扩压器叶片数的增多,流量不太大时,级性能变好,而当流量较大时,级性能发生恶化,但设计流量下级性能变化不大。     

井下螺旋轴流式多相混抽泵轴向力计算及平衡

准确地计算井下螺旋轴流式多相混抽泵的轴向力并合理有效地平衡轴向力是该泵推广使用的关键。为此,对混抽泵的轴向力进行了分析计算,提出了平衡轴向力的具体方法,并通过试验验证了平衡方法的可行性,总结出轴向力的变化规律。认为产生轴向力的主要原因是叶轮前后两侧的压差、流体动反力及叶轮自重。提出轴向力的平衡方法有浮动叶轮法、集中止推法、平衡孔法及平衡孔加浮动叶轮法。研究结果认为,轴向力随含气体积分数和流量的增大而减小,其计算值和试验值的误差约为5.17%。最后指出轴向力计算方法和平衡方法具有较高的可靠性。     

QJ深井潜水泵在矿井积水排除中的应用

高扬程深井潜水泵在低扬程使用时会出现电动机过电流的现象,使水泵无法正常工作。通过对深井潜水泵的工作原理进行分析,提出了QJ系列深井潜水泵在井筒积水排除初期可采用拆除部分叶轮的方法,利用原配套电机大功率的优势,使水泵适应大流量、低扬程工况,解决了电机过电流的问题,并顺利完成某矿山井筒积水的排除。     

Chaotic characteristics of pseudoplastic fluid induced by 6PBT impeller in a stirred vessel

Xanthan gum solutions with different mass concentrations were used to study the chaotic characteristics induced by the impeller of perturbed six-bent-blade turbine(6 PBT) in a stirred vessel. Based on the velocity time series obtained by the experiment of particle image velocimetry(PIV), with the software MATLAB(R2016a), the distributions of the largest Lyapunov exponent(LLE) and Kolmogorov entropy(K entropy) of the system, as two important parameters for characterizing the chaotic degree, were investigated respectively. Results showed that both of the LLE and K entropy increased with the increasing speed at the beginning. As the speed was up to 200 r·min-1, the two parameters reached the maximal values meanwhile, corresponding to 0.535 and 0.834, respectively, which indicated that the chaotic degree of the flow field was up to the highest level. When the speed was increased further, both of the LLE and K entropy decreased on the contrary, which meant that the chaotic degree was decreasing. It was also observed that the chaotic characteristics of flow field were hardly affected by the fluid rheology and the detecting positions. The research results will enhance the understanding of the chaotic mixing mechanism and provide a theoretical reference for optimizing impeller structure.