Multivariate Quantile Impulse Response Functions

A reduced form multivariate quantile autoregressive model is developed to study heterogeneity in the effects of macroeconomic shocks. This framework is used for forecasting and for constructing quantile impulse response functions that explore dynamic heterogeneity in the response of endogenous variables to different shocks. The methodology allows evaluating different quantile paths, defined as the dynamic effects for a fix collection of quantile indexes. The model is applied to study monetary shocks in a three‐variable macroeconomic model (output gap, inflation, Fed Funds rate) for the USA for the period 1980q1–2010q1.     

Focus-sensitive relation disambiguation for implicit discourse relation detection

We study implicit discourse relation detection, which is one of the most challenging tasks in the field of discourse analysis. We specialize in ambiguous implicit discourse relation, which is an imperceptible linguistic phenomenon and therefore difficult to identify and eliminate. In this paper, we first create a novel task named implicit discourse relation disambiguation (IDRD). Second, we propose a focus-sensitive relation disambiguation model that affirms a truly-correct relation when it is triggered by focal sentence constituents. In addition, we specifically develop a topicdriven focus identification method and a relation search system (RSS) to support the relation disambiguation. Finally, we improve current relation detection systems by using the disambiguation model. Experiments on the penn discourse treebank (PDTB) show promising improvements.     

混合爬山算法设计布尔函数

设计高非线性度的布尔函数,具有重要的密码学意义,应用智能爬山算法能有效改善布尔函数的非线性度.分析了布尔函数真值表的单点及两点改变与Walsh-Hadamard变换之间的关系.为提高寻优时的局部特性,将HillClimb1算法和HillClimb2算法有机融合,提出了"HillClimb1 2算法",该算法将一点爬山与两点爬山交替进行,只要还有优化的可能就继续执行该算法,有效的减少陷入局部最优的可能性.实验数据表明,与基本爬山算法相比,该算法进一步优化了布尔函数的非线性度,有效提高了求解的结果。     

Global optimization of stiff dynamical systems

We present a deterministic global optimization method for nonlinear programming formulations constrained by stiff systems of ordinary differential equation (ODE) initial value problems (IVPs). The examples arise from dynamic optimization problems exhibiting both fast and slow transient phenomena commonly encountered in model-based systems engineering applications. The proposed approach utilizes unconditionally stable implicit integration methods to reformulate the ODE-constrained problem into a nonconvex nonlinear program (NLP) with implicit functions embedded. This problem is then solved to global optimality in finite time using a spatial branch-and-bound framework utilizing convex/concave relaxations of implicit functions constructed by a method which fully exploits problem sparsity. The algorithms were implemented in the Julia programming language within the EAGO.jl package and demonstrated on five illustrative examples with varying complexity relevant in process systems engineering. The developed methods enable the guaranteed global solution of dynamic optimization problems with stiff ODE–IVPs embedded.     

发芽糙米研究进展

发芽糙米中主要生理活性物质有γ-氨基丁酸、六磷酸肌醇、谷胱甘肽各种维生素河矿物质,受到各国特别是日本食品界的高度重视,已有多种发芽糙米产品问世。我国对发芽糙米的研究虽起步较晚,但在技术和产业化方面也有了可喜的发展。在发芽技术、设备、工艺和产业化发展方面还有待进一步改进提高。     

Weighted least absolute value power system state estimation using rectangular coordinates and equivalent measurement functions

This paper presents a new efficient computation technique for robust power system state estimation based on weighted least absolute value (WLAV) criterion. The proposed method employs rectangular form of state variables and equivalent measurements technique in order to obtain the linear measurement functions with linear constraints of state variables. The state estimation problem is then formulated as an optimization problem with a set of equality and inequality constraints. A solution method based on interior point algorithm is also proposed. Tests with several IEEE standard systems have been performed to investigate the performance of the proposed algorithm. Results indicate that the proposed state estimator gives promising performance compared with weighted least square (WLS) based estimation algorithms using state variables in polar forms. © 2011 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Field-Effect Chiral Anomaly Devices with Dirac Semimetal

Charge-based field-effect transistors (FETs) greatly suffer from unavoidable carrier scattering and heat dissipation. Analogous to valley degree of freedom in semiconductors, chiral anomaly current in Weyl/Dirac semimetals is theoretically predicted to be nearly nondissipative over long distances, but still lacks experimental ways to efficiently control its transport. Here, field-effect chirality devices are demonstrated with Dirac semimetal PtSe₂, in which its Fermi level is close to the Dirac point in the conduction band owing to intrinsic defects. The chiral anomaly is further corroborated by the planar Hall effect and nonlocal valley transport measurement, which can also be effectively modulated by external fields, showing robust nonlocal valley transport with micrometer diffusion length. Similar to charge-based FETs, the chiral conductivity in PtSe₂ devices can be modulated by electrostatic gating with an ON/OFF ratio of more than 10³. Basic logic functions in the devices are also demonstrated with electric and magnetic fields as input signals.     

Effect of Newtonian heating/cooling on free convection in an annular permeable region in the presence of heat source/sink

The influence of Newtonian heating/cooling in the presence of heat source/sink has been investigated on laminar free convective flow in a vertical annular permeable region. The mathematical model for the problem has been considered as a boundary value problem consisting of two simultaneous ordinary differential equations. The boundary value problem has been transformed to nondimensional form. This has given rise to a number of parameters representing both geometrical and physical features of the problem. Closed‐form analytical solutions of the governing equations have been obtained for two different cases of internal heat generation/absorption. To assess the effects of governing parameters on the fluid velocity and temperature, a number of profiles of these field variables have been presented. The efficacy of the distinct processes on the field variables has been discussed extensively. The main outcome obtained in this study is that the velocity as well as temperature is enhanced in the case of the Newtonian heating while the opposite behavior occurs in the Newtonian cooling for both cases of source and sink. Furthermore, the influence of the governing parameters has been shown on the skin friction, volume flow rate, and the Nusselt number.     

Safety performance functions incorporating design consistency variables

Highway design which ensures that successive elements are coordinated in such a way as to produce harmonious and homogeneous driver performances along the road is considered consistent and safe. On the other hand, an alignment which requires drivers to handle high speed gradients and does not meet drivers' expectancy is considered inconsistent and produces higher crash frequency.     

A cell-based smoothed radial point interpolation method with virtual nodes for three-dimensional mid-frequency acoustic problems

It is well known that the finite element method (FEM) encounters dispersion errors in coping with mid-frequency acoustic problems due to its “overly stiff” nature. By introducing the generalized gradient smoothing technique and the idea of condensed shape functions with virtual nodes, a cell-based smoothed radial point interpolation method is proposed to solve the Helmholtz equation for the purpose of reducing dispersion errors. With the properly selected virtual nodes, the proposed method can provide a close-to-exact stiffness of continuum, leading to a conspicuous decrease in dispersion errors and a significant improvement in accuracy. Numerical examples are examined using the present method by comparing with both the traditional FEM using four-node tetrahedral elements (FEM-T4) and the FEM model using eight-node hexahedral elements with modified integration rules (MIR-H8). The present cell-based smoothed radial point interpolation method has been demonstrated to possess a number of superiorities, including the automatically generated tetrahedral background mesh, high computational efficiency, and insensitivity to mesh distortion, which make the method a good potential for practical analysis of acoustic problems.