Reliable techniques for integrated circuit identification and true random number generation using 1.5-transistor flash memory

Flash memory bits, like other integrated circuit (IC) devices, are prone to random variability in their actual versus nominal characteristics. We present the use of 1.5-transistor flash memory cells in physically unclonable functions leveraging their erase speed variability. This type of memory is interesting for the internet of things due to its wide availability as intellectual property at foundries. Using experimentally measured results, we show simple methods that provide high reliability with no or limited need for helper data and error correction. High quality fingerprints for IC identification are demonstrated. Moreover, techniques to remove systematic variations from the array response are shown, allowing the resulting binary strings to pass all National Institute of Standards and Technology tests for randomness. Consequently, with low complexity helper functions, true random numbers can be readily produced.     

A CCD-ADI method for two-dimensional linear and nonlinear hyperbolic telegraph equations with variable coefficients

In this paper, a combined compact finite difference method (CCD) together with alternating direction implicit (ADI) scheme is developed for two-dimensional linear and nonlinear hyperbolic telegraph equations with variable coefficients. The proposed CCD-ADI method is second-order accurate in time variable and sixth-order accurate in space variable. For the linear hyperbolic equation, the CCD-ADI method is shown to be unconditionally stable by using the Von Neumann stability analysis. Numerical results for both linear and nonlinear hyperbolic equations are presented to illustrate the high accuracy of the proposed method.     

Ab Initio Molecular-Dynamics Simulation Liquid and Amorphous Al_94-xNi₆La_x (x=3-9) Alloys

Ab initio molecular-dynamics simulations have been used to investigate the liquid and amorphous Al94-xNi6Lax (x=3-9) alloys. Through calculating the pair distribution functions and partial coordination numbers, the structure and properties of these alloys are researched, which will help the design bulk metallic glass. The concentration of La atoms can affect the short-range order of Al94-xNi6Lax alloys, which is also studied in this calculation result.     

能源土边界面模型的应力更新算法及算例分析

水合物的存在会显著影响能源土的刚度、峰值强度与剪胀性。针对已有能源土模型的不足，结合边界面模型的建模思想，构建一个新的能源土边界面模型，模型参数较少，能够恰当反映能源土的应力-应变关系。计算能源土变形问题的核心在于正确积分塑性本构方程，应用完全隐式回退Euler算法，建立模型应力及塑性内变量的更新公式，并给出显式的一致性切线模量表达式。基于ABAQUS软件提供的二次开发接口，编写模型的用户材料子程序，应用已有试验数据验证程序正确性。最后应用开发的子程序对能源土的平面应变试验进行模拟，分析水合物饱和度对剪切带倾角与孔隙比的影响。     

Robust constrained stabilization of boost DC–DC converters through bifurcation analysis

This paper proposes a new methodology for designing robust affine state-feedback control laws, so that wide-range safe and efficient operation of switched-mode DC–DC boost converters is guaranteed. Several undesirable nonlinear phenomena such as unstable attractors and subharmonic oscillations are avoided through bifurcation analysis based on the bilinear averaged model of the converter. The control design procedure also relies on constrained stabilization principles and the generation of safety domains using piecewise linear Lyapunov functions, so that robustness to supply voltage and output load variations is ensured, while input saturation is avoided and additional state constraints are also respected. The technique has been numerically and experimentally validated.     

Construction of a polynomial invariant annihilation attack of degree 7 for T-310

Abstract

Cryptographic attacks are typically constructed by black-box methods and combinations of simpler properties, for example in [Generalised] Linear Cryptanalysis. In this article, we work with a more recent white-box algebraic-constructive methodology. Polynomial invariant attacks on a block cipher are constructed explicitly through the study of the space of Boolean polynomials which does not have a unique factorisation and solving the so-called Fundamental Equation (FE). Some recent invariant attacks are quite symmetric and exhibit some sort of clear structure, or work only when the Boolean function is degenerate. As a proof of concept, we construct an attack where a highly irregular product of seven polynomials is an invariant for any number of rounds for T-310 under certain conditions on the long term key and for any key and any IV. A key feature of our attack is that it works for any Boolean function which satisfies a specific annihilation property. We evaluate very precisely the probability that our attack works when the Boolean function is chosen uniformly at random.     

基于Copula函数的郑州市夏季双重城市热岛及其影响因素关系分析

城市热环境变化影响城市小区域气候，探究影响因子与其作用机制，可有效减缓城市热岛现象。利用郑州市1960～2017年长序列数据，从相对热岛（RHI）和绝对热岛（AHI）两个层面探究驱动因子降雨（R）、蒸发（E）、建成区面积(B_BUA)、城镇化率(U_UR)的影响关系，利用交叉小波和小波相干探究热岛与降雨的雨热关系，采用Copula函数计算影响因子在不同取值条件下与热岛的遭遇概率。结果表明，相对热岛-相对降雨在短中周期、绝对热岛-降雨在短周期上均呈负相关关系，雨热关系不同步，且绝对热岛-降雨的关系最为显著；影响因子B_BUA、U_UR取值越大，R取值越小，则与RHI、AHI的遭遇概率越大；不同影响因子在不同评价层面，敏感性强弱不同，E在不同层面的反馈机制也不同，可见选取合适评价分析层面，有利于准确量化影响程度。     

Can video games change attitudes towards history? Results from a laboratory experiment measuring short- and long-term effects

This study investigates a video game's effects on implicit and explicit attitudes towards depicted historical events in the short- and long-term on a sample of 148 young adults. We used, as an intervention tool, a serious game Czechoslovakia 38–89: Borderlands that deals with the expulsion of the Sudeten Germans from the former Czechoslovakia after the WWII. Results showed more negative pretest-posttest explicit attitude changes towards the expulsion on a general level (d = −0.34) and a specific level (d = −0.53) compared to the control group. Over the long-term, group differences in attitude change remained significant for the specific level (d = −0.44), but not for general one (d = −0.16). Exploratory analysis on the item level indicated that especially attitudes towards the expulsion's (un)fairness were affected by the game. However, no significant changes were found in implicit attitudes in the experimental group. This study is the first of such scale to empirically investigate video games' effects on a society's historical awareness.