考虑边缘框架贡献的钢板剪力墙结构设计

传统钢板剪力墙结构在设计时假设内嵌钢板承担100%的水平作用, 未量化考虑边缘框架的贡献, 但分析表明, 在梁柱刚接的情况下边缘框架对侧向承载力的贡献不能忽略。通过钢板剪力墙结构的塑形极限状态分析, 提出考虑边缘框架贡献的钢板剪力墙结构设计方法。对边缘框架梁(HBE)和边缘框架柱(VBE)进行受力分析, 推导考虑轴力影响的VBE截面设计公式并将其应用于考虑框架贡献的侧向承载力公式中, 确定内嵌钢板与边缘框架的剪力分配公式。通过对单层单跨的钢板剪力墙结构的算例分析, 验证剪力分配公式的适用性。最后分别采用传统设计方法和考虑框架贡献设计方法设计9层钢板剪力墙结构并对其进行非线性动力时程分析, 计算结果表明：两种方法设计的结构层间位移角均满足规范限值(1/50), 验证了该设计方法的合理性;在总用钢量方面, 采用考虑框架贡献设计的结构节省钢材6.48%, 较为经济。     

钢板剪力墙边缘构件的计算方法研究

基于钢框架-钢板剪力墙的理想破坏机制,根据梁、柱塑性铰位置,推导了钢板剪力墙边缘构件的计算公式,给出了钢板剪力墙、梁和柱之间的强度关系。设计了一榀单跨五层钢框架-钢板剪力墙全尺寸分析模型,采用大型通用非线性有限元软件ABAQUS 6.10对其进行了非线性数值分析。结果表明：顶梁能为单侧拉力场提供足够的抗弯承载力,防止顶梁跨中形成塑性铰;各层钢板剪力墙承担的侧向荷载基本相同。表明按上述计算公式确定的边缘构件能够为钢板剪力墙提供足够的锚固强度,有效控制受压柱的塑性铰位置,防止柱中部形成塑性铰,使钢框架-钢板剪力墙实现理想的破坏机制,即“弱板强框架,强柱弱梁”,达到双重抗震设防的目的。     

Antioxidant Properties of Sparkling Wines Produced with β-Glucanases and Commercial Yeast Preparations

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant potential of sparkling wines produced with β-glucanases, autolysated yeasts, yeast cell walls, and purified mannoproteins. Total antioxidant capacity (measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] radical-scavenging method and ferric reducing antioxidant power [FRAP] assay), and hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity (HRSA) were higher in the wine samples with coadjuvants (in relation to the control wine). The highest values of antioxidant activity were achieved with purified mannoproteins and, in lesser extent, with β-glucanases. Neutral polysaccharides and total proteins were highly and positively correlated with DPPH, FRAP, and HRSA assays. However, correlations between the levels of each different phenolic family and antioxidant and radical-scavenging activities were not found. β-Glucanase and commercial yeast preparations can be excellent coadjuvants to increase the antioxidant properties of sparkling wines. Practical Application: β-Glucanase and commercial yeast preparations can be excellent coadjuvants to increase the antioxidant properties of sparkling wines. The suggested improvement has significant implication for the production of high added value sparkling wines.     

层内混杂FRP加固混凝土剪力墙抗震性能试验

为了将延性好的混杂纤维布(HFRP)用于结构抗震加固,试验研究了4个HFRP加固钢筋混凝土剪力墙的抗震性能,分析了HFRP加固剪力墙的破坏特征、滞回曲线、延性、骨架曲线以及耗能能力,探讨了剪跨比对HFRP加固效果的影响.试验表明:粘贴HFRP能使混凝土剪力墙刚度退化变缓,HFRP对减缓低矮剪力墙刚度退化的作用要优于中高剪力墙;HFRP能显著提高剪力墙的延性,对改善中高剪力墙延性的作用更加明显;HFRP加固剪力墙试件的延性、耗能性能良好,滞回曲线丰满,捏拢程度变轻。     

不同支撑形式的型钢混凝土剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

型钢混凝土剪力墙具有强度高、刚度大、稳定性好等优点,广泛应用在高层建筑中。为研究不同支撑形式对型钢混凝土剪力墙抗震性能的影响,进行了3个1/3缩尺的型钢混凝土剪力墙（型钢支撑布置形式分别为X型、AC1型和AC2型）和1个普通混凝土剪力墙对比试件在低周反复荷载作用下的试验研究,得到了其破坏过程的变化规律和破坏模式,分析了不同型钢支撑类型对剪力墙抗剪承载能力、裂缝开展、刚度、延性及耗能的影响规律。试验研究表明：型钢支撑对剪力墙的承载能力、刚度、延性及耗能性能均有较大幅度提高。试验研究表明：AC1型、AC2型和X型型钢支撑的剪力墙极限承载能力较普通混凝土剪力墙分别提升了71.9%、64.6%和49.4%,其延性系数分别提高了19.3%、5.0%和14.5%;型钢混凝土剪力墙的刚度退化速率与普通混凝土剪力墙相比更加缓慢,而且中后期刚度明显优于普通混凝土剪力墙;型钢混凝土剪力墙的塑性区范围较普通混凝土显著增加,试验获得的滞回曲线也更加饱满。     

核岛结构双钢板混凝土组合剪力墙低周往复试验研究

为了解决核岛结构中屏蔽厂房的剪力墙在地震作用下的安全性能问题,对9个1颐5缩尺试件进行了低周往复拟静力试验。通过试验研究了双钢板混凝土组合剪力墙试件的刚度变化、破坏模式和耗能能力等特性,分析了钢板厚度、栓钉间距、竖向荷载以及加劲肋设置等因素对组合剪力墙抗震性能的影响。结果表明：双钢板混凝土组合剪力墙有很好的延性和耗能能力;钢板厚度、竖向荷载和加劲肋的设置都对剪力墙的抗震性能有很大的影响,而栓钉间距对其影响不大。在试验的基础上对部分试件进行了有限元数值分析,通过与试验结果的比较发现两者的结果能够较好吻合。最后,对本试验研究成果和核岛结构双钢板混凝土剪力墙已有研究成果进行了对比分析,并对以后的试验设计提出了改进的方向。     

Fire performance of cold-formed steel wall panels and prediction of their fire resistance rating

Recent research at the Queensland University of Technology has investigated the structural and thermal behaviour of load bearing Light gauge Steel Frame (LSF) wall systems made of 1.15 mm G500 steel studs and varying plasterboard and insulation configurations (cavity and external insulation) using full scale fire tests. Suitable finite element models of LSF walls were then developed and validated by comparing with test results. In this study, the validated finite element models of LSF wall panels subject to standard fire conditions were used in a detailed parametric study to investigate the effects of important parameters such as steel grade and thickness, plasterboard screw spacing, plasterboard lateral restraint, insulation materials and load ratio on their performance under standard fire conditions. Suitable equations were proposed to predict the time–temperature profiles of LSF wall studs with eight different plasterboard-insulation configurations, and used in the finite element analyses. Finite element parametric studies produced extensive fire performance data for the LSF wall panels in the form of load ratio versus time and critical hot flange (failure) temperature curves for eight wall configurations. This data demonstrated the superior fire performance of externally insulated LSF wall panels made of different steel grades and thicknesses. It also led to the development of a set of equations to predict the important relationship between the load ratio and the critical hot flange temperature of LSF wall studs. Finally this paper proposes a simplified method to predict the fire resistance rating of LSF walls based on the two proposed set of equations for the load ratio–hot flange temperature and the time–temperature relationships.     

Numerical investigation of lateral earth pressure for unreinforced masonry walls

For the design of unreinforced masonry walls under lateral earth pressure according to DIN EN 1996‐3 [1], the active earth pressure is used, which is less than the earth pressure at rest. For the consideration of active earth pressure, a sufficient deflection of the wall is needed. It is unknown whether the deflections in reality are large enough to justify a reduction of the active earth pressure. Therefore a numerical model has been developed which considers the load‐bearing behaviour of masonry walls, with several boundary conditions being considered to estimate the effective earth pressure.     

Closed form solution for predicting the horizontal capacity of masonry portal frames through limit analysis and comparison with experimental test results

The paper deals with the problem of evaluating the in-plane seismic capacity of unreinforced masonry portal frame, which can be considered the basic structural element in historical buildings. In particular, the Limit Analysis approach is used to provide simplified “closed form” expressions of the horizontal collapse multiplier, also taking into account the eventual contribution of steel tie rods. Both sliding shear and shear diagonal cracking are also considered in order to take into account the shear failure modes of the pier walls.The proposed formulations have been used for performing an extensive parametric analysis, with the aim of studying the effect of both geometry and vertical/horizontal loading distributions on the portal horizontal strength. Furthermore, the influence of the steel tie-rods has been addressed in order to understand their effectiveness on the portal seismic capacity.A comparison with the results of experimental tests on full-scale portal frames is also provided in terms of in-plane collapse multiplier and failure mechanism aimed to validate the proposed “closed form” expressions.Major outcome of this study is a simple rule of thumb, which can be used for the straightforward assessment of the horizontal strength of simple masonry structures, and for verifying the results of more complex structural analyses such as the nonlinear static analysis.     

基于房屋建筑工程中外墙防渗漏施工研究

做好房屋外墙抗渗漏设计与施工是提升建筑行业整体施工技术水平的重要举措。本文分析了房屋建筑工程外墙渗漏的原因，并针对这几个原因，探讨了如何做好抗渗漏施工的举措，希望能为房屋外墙抗渗漏施工提供参考。