无外触发的激光扫描仪的时间同步方法研究

采用硬件和软件相结合的方法将sick激光扫描仪和惯性导航装置的数据采集时间统一到GPS的时间下,以GPS时间作为数据开始采集和数据融合的基准时间,通过后期算法实现了Sick激光扫描系统各传感器之间数据的同步融合.根据系统时间同步修正前与修正后的点云对比图详细分析了系统时间同步误差的因素,为以后此类型激光扫描仪在车载激光扫描系统中的应用奠定基础,也为同类设备时间同步方法的实现提供了参考.     

科幻小说科学传播影响力提升的AMO 分析

随着互联网、手机的普及,搜索引擎以及基于搜索的互动式知识问答分享平台等自媒体应用,人们获取科学信息的能力与速度有了大幅提高。传统强调科学信息传播的“科学普及”,逐渐被强调从受众出发的“科学传播”所替代,后者更加注重传播过程的趣味性、情节性和传播效果的影响力。科幻小说在传播科学思想、科学观念、科学精神以及科学方法与知识方面,尤其符合自媒体时代的传播特征,显现出其他通俗科普读物难以匹及的科普功效。本文从传播学的角度出发,拟借助说服传播的精细加工可能性模型（ELM）,将其中的AMO （能力、动机、机会）三因素作为分析视角,对科幻小说科学传播影响力的提升提出了分众化、娱乐化、多媒体化的传播策略。     

井壁强化作用影响因素的数值模拟

近年来,井壁强化等先期封堵技术逐渐得到了应用和发展,但其相关影响因素及作用机理还未得到深入揭示。通过建立多孔弹性介质的有限元模型,考虑地应力各向异性、架桥位置、漏失速率及裂缝后端压力等因素的影响,对井壁强化机理及相关影响因素进行了分析。模拟结果表明,刚性封堵材料通过减缓裂缝后端由于压力下降所产生的形变,并将该形变向井壁周围传递,使架桥后裂缝附近的井壁周向应力增加,从而导致裂缝趋于闭合;地应力各向异性越小,裂缝闭合趋势越明显;漏失速率越大,越有利于封堵颗粒的快速架桥,井壁强化效果越好;封堵材料架桥时,架桥位置距离裂缝端口越近,架桥位置后端压力越接近地层孔隙压力,越有利于裂缝的闭合及抑制裂缝尖端的扩展。      

辽河西部凹陷雷家-高升地区原油物性特征及影响因素

根据原油物性资料和相关地质背景,将辽河西部凹陷雷家-高升地区原油划分为超重油、重质油、中质油和轻质油四种类型,研究区主要生成低熟油,质重较稠,随着埋藏深度的增加,原油物性有变好的趋势;平面上,相对密度由南向北具有由轻变重的趋势。复杂多变的原油性质受控因素复杂,内因主要为油源差异,包括母岩类型、烃源岩成熟度及其所形成的沉积环境等;外因主要是原油在油气聚集和后期保存过程中所受到的外部环境对它的次生改造,包括油气运移、断层的活动性、次生变化等。     

Consumption patterns,bacteriological quality and risk factors for Salmonella contamination in meat-based meals consumed outside the home in Kigali,Rwanda

Meat-based meals are consumed as a source of animal proteins and constitute one of the leading vehicles for food borne infections in humans. The main objective of this study was to determine the consumption pattern and the bacteriological quality of meat-based meals consumed outside households in Kigali. A survey on meat consumption patterns was carried out in 400 households by using a questionnaire, whereas different meat-based meals were sampled from 150 snack bars and restaurants. Enumeration of hygiene indicator bacteria (total mesophilic bacteria and Escherichia coli) and the qualitative detection of Salmonella were carried out by using conventional culture methods. The results indicated that goat was the type of meat that was consumed the most outside the home in Kigali and the meat intake varied significantly (p ≤ 0.05) with the social category of the household. The average levels of total aerobic bacteria and E. coli in meat-based meals were found to be 4.7 and 1.4 log cfu/g, respectively, whereas Salmonella was detected in 11.7% of all meat-based meals. Eight factors mostly linked to the cooking treatments and hygienic handling practices for cooked meals were found to be significantly (p ≤ 0.05) associated with the risk of Salmonella occurrence in meat-based meals consumed outside the home in Kigali. The findings from this study strongly suggest the need for proper cooking and/or improvements in hygiene in the establishments selling ready-to-eat meat-based meals in Kigali, particularly those located in rural localities.     

Growth method,composition, and defect structure dependence of mercury diffusion in CdxHg1–xTe

Mercury radiotracer diffusion results are presented, in the range 254 to 452°C, for bulk and epitaxial Cd_xHg_1–xTe, and we believe this to be the first report for metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) grown Cd_xHg_1–xTe. For all growth types studied, with compositions of x_Cd=0.2±0.04, the variation of the lattice diffusion coefficient, D_Hg, with temperature, under saturated mercury partial pressure, obeyed the equation: D_Hg=3×10⁻³ exp(−1.2 eV/kT) cm² s⁻¹. It was found to have a strong composition dependence but was insensitive to changes of substrate material or crystal orientation. Autoradiography was used to show that mercury also exploited defect structure to diffuse rapidly from the surface. Dislocation diffusion analysis is used to model defect tails in MOVPE Cd_xHg_1–xTe profiles.     

生物薄试样电镜X射线显微定量分析法进展

本文重点介绍应用Hall理论进行生物薄试样电镜X射线定量分析的原理和近年来运用此理论进行分析所采用的有关扣除背底、峰剥离、外源性背底校正以及标样等技术。文中还描述了“薄试样”的条件,介绍了近年运用Link公司开发的分析软件测定各元素的标样参数(FST)、根据标样参数对生物薄试样进行元素分析的方法。     

埋地管道腐蚀机理及应对措施

介绍了埋地管道的腐蚀机理,分析了影响腐蚀的因素,从内、外防腐蚀、阴极保护等方面论述了防腐蚀的应对措施,并指出了防腐蚀层、阴极保护并重的防腐蚀措施的重要性。     

大平房油田曲流河储层沉积微相特征及注水调整研究

复杂断块大平房油田东营组储层为陆上曲流河相沉积类型,其中曲流河点坝相储集层为主要产油层,而该油田此相带储集层规模较小,表现为储层物性较差,连通性差,开采过程中生产动态复杂,造成注采体系不完善,水驱效果差,水驱采收率较低,通过以岩心分析资料和大量的测井、生产动态资料为基础,对各种沉积相标志的分析,研究了曲流河储集层微相组成及主要沉积微相特征,综合评价出Ⅱ、Ⅲ类储层,找出影响注水开发效果的各类因素,有针对性地对注采系统进行调整研究,提高水驱控制程度。