Factors determining informal tanker water markets in Chennai,India

Many developing world cities have seen the emergence of informal markets where private tanker truck operators transport water extracted from peri-urban wells to urban consumers. This study adopted a systems-modelling approach to analyzing the informal tanker market in India. The results indicate that the demand for tanker supply was caused by lack of groundwater availability in private wells as well as unreliable piped supply. The study shows that two groundwater factors are relevant: depth to water and aquifer productivity. Together, these could explain the difference in spatial, temporal and consumer-specific variations in tanker dependence.     

从《制度、意识形态和经济绩效》看诺思的非正式制度思想

诺思的《制度、意识形态和经济绩效》是新制度经济学的重要论著,他在其中阐述的有关意识形态思想对于我们研究非正式制度思想具有重要意义,他在这篇论著中使用的论证方法很值得我们借鉴。     

The Advice and Influence Networks of Transformational Leaders.

Existing transformational leadership research has focused primarily on the behaviors of leaders and their effects on followers. The authors extended this research by examining the social networks of managers who exhibit transformational leadership behaviors. Their focus was on the network of relationships that managers develop and whether they hold key positions in the organization's informal social networks. In a field study using data from 39 managers and 130 nonmanagement employees of 6 organizations, the authors found that managers who score higher on transformational leadership tend to hold more central positions in organizational advice and influence networks. Furthermore, the direct reports of these leaders were also more central in informal organizational networks. These results illuminate one of the ways that managers who exhibit transformational leadership behaviors may exert influence in organizations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

浅议出口商品运输包装检验监管模式

对检验检疫机构以往的出口包装检验监管模式进行分析,结合出口包装的特点,提出了切实可行的出口商品运输包装检验监管模式,以使检验检疫机构充分适应"大通关"要求.     

高校教师人事制度改革的非正式制度分析

我国正全面展开的高校教师聘任制是从国外移植过来的正式制度 ,其效用的发挥必须依靠能与之相容的非正式制度的支撑。非正式制度有自发性变迁缓慢的特点 ,因此必须对我国高校教师人事管理中的现存非正式制度进行分析 ,促进非正式制度建设 ,全面推行高校教师聘任制。     

网络认证协议攻击的非形式化分析

随着密码协议在计算机网络和分布式系统中的广泛应用,协议的安全性显得越来越重要,对协议的安全性分析和研究也成为目前一个非常紧迫的课题。协议安全性分析包括非形式化和形式化两种方法。论文通过对Woo-Lam,Helsinki和Otway-Rees三个典型协议攻击的非形式化分析,归纳出协议漏洞产生的原因,并探讨了相应的改进的方法。     

改革开放以来我国城市化进程中的土地制度研究

土地制度是影响城市化进程的关键性因素.我国现行的土地制度加大了农民向城市迁移的意愿与在城市定居能力之间的差距,这也是导致我国城市化失衡的根源.只有进一步改革土地制度,以土地配置市场化和产权明晰化为目标,实现土地资源的优化配置,才能打破土地制度的约束并进一步推动我国城市化的健康发展.     

男同性恋群体的城市空间分布及文化生产:以沈阳为例

From the pespective of space-culture, this paper explores how gay people's body, behavior and social relations are organized, represented and understood in Shenyang city by adopting participating observation, in-depth individual interview and historical literature review. Through the interaction between the urban space and the gay groups' inner characteristics, this paper finds out that the urban space constructs a dynamic platform for the mobilization of homosexual behavior, emotion and identity.     

Unimaginable Change

Problem: Planning aspires to intervene and make positive change. However, our ideas about how to create institutional reform need to be revisited because they do not fully account for the changes we have witnessed.

Purpose: This article assesses the state of our knowledge about institutions and of how we construct and change them. It identifies the major deficiencies in new institutionalism in planning theory and searches for ideas about how to influence positive institutional change.

Methods: I analyzed over 90 publications in the planning literature and other social sciences that discussed “institutions,” and identified the varying definitions and underlying epistemologies and philosophies that are at odds with each other. I then examined empirical studies of successful economic development cases in order to critically appraise the efficacy of different theories to account for the observed changes.

Results and conclusions: Disparate new institutionalism theories in the social sciences have been starting to converge by focusing on social cognition. The unimaginable, fundamental changes that have occurred in our lifetimes have not been the result of rational state planning, manipulation by political elites, or activist organizations. A society-wide process of tacit learning from peers and exemplars built new paradigms and practices, ultimately normalizing new realities.

Takeaway for practice: Planning practice that aims toward large institutional changes rather than incremental ones should incorporate the empirical lessons of contemporary history and the latest findings in cognitive science. Knowing more about the social cognition process can help planners to more effectively engage in fundamental change. Furthermore, if it retains its strengths in empirical research and multiscalar, interdisciplinary analysis, planning practice and research can make policy-relevant contributions to our understanding of social cognition change.

Research support: None.     

高校非正规学生街研究——以华侨大学厦门校区为例

随着大学新校区选址的郊区化,规划之外的“非正规学生街”开始普遍存在于国内各大高校新校区内外。尽管其最终可能走向消亡,但我们不能忽视这些“非正规学生街”所带来的机遇和挑战。文章结合华侨大学厦门校区非正规学生街调研的实例,从观察非正规学生街的存在、发展和衰退的现象入手,分析其生成原因和存在的意义,以期为我国大学新校区的规划建设管理提供有益的启示。